Carpenter Softcore Irons

Leadership in Soft Magnetic Alloys
Carpenter Technology Corporation offers a wide selection of soft magnetic

alloys to meet your material specifications.
Choose from high permeability alloys, shielding alloys, silicon core irons
or high-flux-density cobalt-iron alloys that have been used in applications
ranging from simple magnetic cores to the most complex electronic circuitry.
All are produced to Carpenter’s exacting standards of consistency for uniform
magnetic response using premium-melting vacuum technologies.
Forms manufactured:
• Strip • Bar
• Plate • Wire
• Other forms available upon
application
Carpenter’s soft magnetic alloys provide mechanical properties matched

to various methods of fabrication such as:
• Stamping • Coining
• Drawing • Etching
• Machining • Forging
• Cold forming Carpenter Technology Corp. is a world recognized
developer and manufacturer of cast wrought
Carpenter soft magnetic alloys have been used in the following applications: and powder metallurgy specialty alloys including
• Motor laminations • Relays stainless steels, high-strength alloys, superalloys,
and tool and die steels as well as titanium alloys.
• Magnetic amplifiers • Speedometers
• Magnetic bearings • Transformers
• Magnetic shielding • Vacuum equipment
• Forged electromagnetic components • Watt-hour meters
• GFCI
World-Class Manufacturing and Quality Systems

Carpenter is a fully integrated manufacturer, using advanced equipment and
technologies including vacuum induction melting, vacuum arc remelting,
double-vacuum melting (VIM-VAR), in-line hot rolling, and modern cold
finishing equipment. This combination of capabilities, coupled with a
highly skilled work force, supports your requirements for consistent, quality
material lot after lot.
Technical Expertise
Bring us your design challenges. A team of metallurgists and product
application experts stand ready to assist you with alloy selection and
technical support.
Unless otherwise noted, trademarks are property of CRS Holdings, Inc., a
subsidiary of Carpenter Technology Corporation.
Visit us at www.cartech.com
Selecting Carpenter Soft Magnetic Alloys
The matrix below compares various classes or “families” of soft magnetic alloys in terms
of their relative performance characteristics and costs. It can serve as an initial guide for
you in selecting which family of alloys to explore for an application.
Contact:
Carpenter Soft Magnetic Alloy Type Analyses USA Canada
Single figures are nominal. TF: 800-654-6543 TF: 800-268-4740
Alloys Tel: 610-208-2000
Carbon Cobalt Manganese Nickel Silicon Iron Other
Hiperco® 50 Alloy 0.01 48.75 0.05 0.05 Balance V 1.90 Europe Asia
Hiperco 50A Alloy 48.75 0.05 0.05 Balance V 2.00 Belgium Singapore
Hiperco 50HS Alloy 0.01 48.75 0.05 0.05 Balance V 1.90 Tel: +32-10-686-010 Tel: 65-6738-2401
Hiperco 27 Alloy 0.01 27.00 0.25 0.60 0.25 Balance Cr .60
England China
Hiperco 15 Alloy 0.01 15.00 2.70 0.10 0.30 Balance Cr .60
Tel: +44 (0) 1789-767340 +(86 21) 2411-3500
Carpenter High Permeability
0.02 0.50 48.00 0.35 Balance
"49"® Alloy/Hy Ra 49
Carpenter HyMu "80"® Alloy 0.02 0.50 80.00 0.35 Balance Mo 4.2
Mexico and South
America
Carpenter HyMu "800" 0.01 0.50 80.00 0.15 Balance Mo 5.0
Tel: +52 (442) 29-04-001
Carpenter Silicon Core Iron "A" 0.03 0.15 1.00 Balance
Carpenter Silicon Core Iron
0.04 0.15 1.00 Balance P 0.18
"A-FM"
Carpenter Silicon Core Iron "B" 0.03 0.15 2.50 Balance
Carpenter Silicon Core Iron
0.03 0.40 2.50 Balance P 0.12
"B-FM"
Carpenter Silicon Core Iron "C" 0.03 0.15 4.00 Balance
Cr 0.20
Carpenter Electrical Iron 0.02 0.12 0.08 0.12 Balance P 0.01
V 0.05
The information and data presented herein are typical or average
values and are not a guarantee of maximum or minimum values.
Detailed, searchable alloy data including an interactive Magnetic Property Selector Applications specifically suggested for material described herein
are available in the Alloy TechZone™ at www.cartech.com. are made solely for the purpose of illustration to enable the reader
to make his/her own evaluation and are not intended as warranties,
either express or implied, of fitness for these or other purposes.
There is no representation that the recipient of this literature will
receive updated editions as they become available.
Visit us at www.cartech.com Copyright 2014 CRS Holdings, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 06/14. G122
Carpenter Silicon Core Iron "A"
Type Analysis
Single figures are nominal except where noted.
Carbon 0.03 % Manganese 0.15 %
Silicon 1.00 % Iron Balance
General Information
Description
Carpenter Silicon Core Iron "A" is melted in electric arc furnaces to exacting chemical specifications, and carefully controlled in rolling
and annealing processes to produce a fine-grain, uniform quality magnetic core iron.
A modified grade of Silicon Core Iron "A", known as Silicon Core Iron "A-FM", contains a free-machining additive to improve its
machinability especially for screw machine operations. It has been used primarily for solid cores which must be machined
economically in volume.
Applications
Silicon Core Iron "A" has been used in applications requiring a combination of medium electrical resistivity, high initial permeability
and low hysteresis loss in AC and DC circuits with moderate formability. It can be cold formed in the fully annealed condition.
Typical applications for this alloy have included solenoid switches, armatures, pole pieces, relays, etc.
Properties
Physical Properties
Specific Gravity 7.75
Density 0.2790 lb/in³
Mean CTE (77 to 750°F) 7.10 x 10 -6 in/in/°F
Electrical Resistivity (70°F) 150.0 ohm-cir-mil/ft
Curie Temperature 1490 °F
Magnetic Properties
Results determined from 3/8" (9.53 mm) diameter bar.
Page: 1 of 5
Saturation Flux Density 21000.0 G

Coercivity 0.900 Oe
Magnetic Permeability 4500.0 Mu
Residual Induction 6500 G
Hysteresis Loss 0.000291 J/cm³/cycle
Treatment for Final Closed Pack Anneal 1550 °F
Page: 2 of 5
Typical Mechanical Properties
Heat Treatment
Items as supplied from the mill are not in the most magnetic soft condition, nor are they supplied to magnetic property requirements.
As supplied magnetic property requirements must be approved by the mill.
Finish fabricated parts must be heat treated to achieve soft magnetic characteristics. Suggested heat treating atmosphere is a wet
hydrogen atmosphere in the temperature range of 1550/1600°F (843/871°C), two to four hours at temperature and cooled 100/200°F
(56/111°C) to 1000°F (538°C) and any rate thereafter.
Other heat treating atmospheres can be employed, such as nitrogen-hydrogen combinations, vacuum, exothermication and inert
atmosphere retort. Resulting magnetic characteristics will not be as good as the wet hydrogen atmosphere, which provides the best
degree of decarburization.
Other heat treatment temperatures in the range of 1350/1950°F (732/1038°C) can be employed to achieve certain advantages such
as brazing and fine grain size as required by end application. A sacrifice in certain magnetic characteristics will be realized. A dry
atmosphere must be employed at 1750°F (954°C) and above.
Workability
Machinability
Following are typical feeds and speeds for Silicon Core Iron "A".
Page: 3 of 5
Additional Machinability Notes

Figures used for all metal removal operations covered are average. On certain work, the nature of the part may require adjustment of
speeds and feeds. Each job has to be developed for best production results with optimum tool life. Speeds or feeds should be
increased or decreased in small steps.
Other Information
Applicable Specifications
• ASTM A848 Alloy 1
Forms Manufactured
Bar - Many forms and conditions (Request for cold drawn finish should be referred to Technical Department for Acceptance).
• Bar-Rounds • Billet
• Strip
Page: 4 of 5
Technical Articles
• A Simplified Method of Selecting Soft Magnetic Alloys
• Soft Magnetic Alloys with Improved Corrosion Resistance
Disclaimer:
The information and data presented herein are typical or average values and are not a guarantee of maximum or minimum values. Applications specifically suggested for
material described herein are made solely for the purpose of illustration to enable the reader to make his/her own evaluation and are not intended as warranties, either
express or implied, of fitness for these or other purposes. There is no representation that the recipient of this literature will receive updated editions as they become available.
Unless otherwise specified, registered trademarks are property of

CRS Holdings Inc., a subsidiary of Carpenter Technology Corporation
Copyright © 2015 CRS Holdings Inc. All rights reserved.
Edition Date: 03/01/1989
Visit us on the web at www.cartech.com
Page: 5 of 5
Carpenter Silicon Core Iron "A-FM"
Type Analysis
Carbon (Maximum) 0.04 % Manganese 0.15 %
Phosphorus 0.180 % Silicon 1.00 %
Iron Balance
General Information
Description
Carpenter Silicon Core Iron "A-FM" is melted in electric arc furnaces to exacting chemical specifications and carefully controlled
through all manufacturing processes to produce a fine-grain, uniform quality magnetic core iron.
This alloy exhibits improved machining characteristics over Silicon Core Iron "A". Improvements in machinability up to 40% can be
realized on automatic screw machines.
The magnetic characteristics are of the same order exhibited by Silicon Core Iron "A" and are a function of the final heat treatment
applied to the finish machined product.
Applications
Silicon Core Iron "A-FM" has been used in producing solid cores which must be machined economically in volume.
This alloy is suggested for use in applications requiring a combination of moderately high electrical resistivity, high initial permeability,
and low hysteresis loss in AC and DC circuits.
Properties
Physical Properties
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic properties are determined in accordance with ASTM A341.
Diameters less than 1" (25.4 mm) are tested via a 10" (254 mm) length specimen on a Fehy Permeameter. Diameters 1" (25.4 mm)
and larger are evaluated on solid ring specimens machined from a disc.
Specimens are annealed at 1500°F (816°C) two hours in a wet hydrogen atmosphere and furnace cooled at a rate for 100°F (56°C)
per hour down to 1000°F (538°C) and any cooling rate thereafter.
Page: 1 of 4
Saturation Flux Density (200.000 Mu) 21000.0 G

Coercivity 0.700 to 0.800 Oe
Maximum Permeability (1.36 Oe) 4500.00
Workability
Cold Working
Cold working/cold forming properties are similar to Silicon Core Iron "A".
Machinability
Following are typical feeds and speeds for Silicon Core Iron "A-FM".
Page: 2 of 4

speeds and feeds. Each job has to be developed for best production results with optimum tool life.
Speeds or feeds should be increased or decreased in small steps.
Other Information
• ASTM A867 Alloy 1F
Page: 3 of 4
Forms Manufactured
• Strip
Technical Articles
• A Designer's Manual On Specialty Alloys For Critical Automotive Components
Disclaimer:

Page: 4 of 4
Carpenter Silicon Core Iron "B"
Type Analysis
General Information
Description
Carpenter Silicon Core Iron "B" is melted in electric arc furnaces to exacting chemical specifications, and carefully controlled in rolling
and annealing practices to produce a fine-grained uniform quality magnetic core alloy.
Silicon Core Iron "B" is not recommended for components which must be cold formed due to its high silicon content.
Applications
Silicon Core Iron "B" is suggested for applications requiring very low hysteresis loss, medium electrical resistivity and high initial
permeability in AC and DC circuits, low residual magnetism in DC circuits and virtual freedom from magnetic aging.
This alloy is especially adapted for making solenoid switches, armatures, pole pieces, relays, etc.
Properties
Physical Properties
Magnetic Properties

Coercivity 0.700 Oe
Maximum Permeability 5000.00
Hysteresis Loss 0.00178 J/cm³/cycle
Page: 1 of 4
Heat Treatment
Items as supplied from the mill are not in the most magnetic soft condition, nor are they supplied to magnetic property requirements.
As supplied magnetic property requirements must be approved by the mill.
Finish fabricated parts must be heat treated to achieve soft magnetic characteristics. Suggested heat treating atmosphere is a wet
hydrogen atmosphere in the temperature range of 1550/1600°F (843/871°C), two to four hours at temperature and cooled 100/200°F
(55/111°C) per hour to 1000°F (538°C) and any rate thereafter.
Other heat treating atmospheres can be employed, such as nitrogen-hydrogen combinations, vacuum, exothermication and inert
atmosphere retort. Resulting magnetic characteristics will not be as good as the wet hydrogen atmosphere, which provides the best
degree of decarburization.
Other heat treatment temperatures in the range of 1350/1950 °F (732/1038 °C) can be employed to achieve certain advantages such
as brazing and fine grain size as required by end application. A sacrifice in certain magnetic characteristics will be realized. A dry
atmosphere must be employed at 1750°F (954 °C) and above.
Workability
Machinability
Following are typical feeds and speeds for Silicon Core Iron "B".
Page: 2 of 4

Other Information
Forms Manufactured
Bar - Many forms and conditions (Requests for cold drawn finish should be referred to Technical Department for acceptance.)
• Strip
Page: 3 of 4
Technical Articles
• A Designer's Manual On Specialty Alloys For Critical Automotive Components
Disclaimer:

Page: 4 of 4
Carpenter Silicon Core Iron "C"
Type Analysis
General Information
Description
Carpenter Silicon Core Iron "C" is melted in electric arc furnaces to exacting chemical specifications, and carefully controlled in rolling
and annealing practices to produce a fine-grained uniform quality magnetic core iron.
This material possesses low residual magnetism in DC circuits and the effect of magnetic aging is negligible.
Applications
Silicon Core Iron "C" is suitable for applications requiring maximum electrical resistivity, maximum initial permeability and minimum
hysteresis loss in AC and DC circuits.
Typical applications for this alloy have included:
Solenoid switches
Relays
Armatures
Cores
Pole pieces
Properties
Physical Properties
Mean CTE
77 to 212°F, Annealed 1385°F [750°C] 6.55 x 10 -6 in/in/°F

Page: 1 of 5
Magnetic Properties

Coercivity 0.600 Oe
Maximum Permeability 4000.00
Page: 2 of 5
Heat Treatment
To achieve uniform piece part magnetic characteristics, the finished machined parts should be given a heat treatment.
Heat treating temperature should be 1385°F (750°C) or higher. As the temperature increases to 1950°F (1066°C), the maximum
permeability increases and HC decreases for a given heat treatment condition (time and atmosphere).
Time at temperature should be one to eight hours depending upon magnetic piece part performance desired. A nonoxidizing,
noncarburizing atmosphere must be employed. Atmospheres such as nitrogen-hydrogen, vacuum, dry or wet hydrogen should be
employed. A wet hydrogen atmosphere can be used up to 1750°F (955°C) to achieve very soft magnetic properties. Above 1750°F
(955°C), a dry hydrogen atmosphere must be employed.
Workability
Machinability
Following are typical feeds and speeds for Silicon Core Iron "C".
Page: 3 of 5

Other Information
Forms Manufactured
Page: 4 of 5
Technical Articles
Disclaimer:

Page: 5 of 5

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Leadership in Soft Magnetic Alloys

Carpenter Technology Corporation offers a wide selection of soft magnetic

Carpenter’s soft magnetic alloys provide mechanical properties matched

World-Class Manufacturing and Quality Systems

Saturation Flux Density 21000.0 G

Typical Mechanical Properties

Additional Machinability Notes

Unless otherwise specified, registered trademarks are property of

Saturation Flux Density (200.000 Mu) 21000.0 G

Additional Machinability Notes

Speeds or feeds should be increased or decreased in small steps.

Unless otherwise specified, registered trademarks are property of

Saturation Flux Density 20600.0 G

Typical Mechanical Properties

Additional Machinability Notes

Unless otherwise specified, registered trademarks are property of

Typical applications for this alloy have included:

Electrical Resistivity (70°F) 350.0 ohm-cir-mil/ft

Saturation Flux Density 20000.0 G

Typical Mechanical Properties

Additional Machinability Notes

Unless otherwise specified, registered trademarks are property of

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