VOCATIONAL

TRAINING AT

SMELTER
PLANT(Township)
in
NALCO NAGAR, Angul

Submitted by –
Student’s Name: RAJESWAR SAHU

Branch(Semester): CIVIL ENGINEERING (6th sem)

Univ. Reg No.: 2101104034

GOVERNMENT COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

KEONJHAR
 Date of joining the Training : 20/05/2023

Date of completion of Training : 19/06/2023

Date of Project Assignment : 20/05/2023

Date of Submission : 20/06/2023

Assigned by : Prasant Kumar Naik,

Asst. Manager
(Civil Maint Tship)
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I feel privileged to say that due to the presence of knowledgeable working members at
NALCO, Angul it was very easy for me to earn a lot of knowledge about different sectors
present in NALCO.
I am greatly thankful to Mr. Prasant Kumar Naik for his kind support, guidance &
allotting me different areas for successful completion of my training. During this
period of 30 days I have gained a lot of practical experience about various shops at
NALCO.
I gratefully acknowledge him for his inspiration, valuable guidance and support
throughout my training. Finally I would like to thank all the employees of different
shops allotted to me at NALCO, Angul who helped me and co-operated me during
my training.

Sai Gourav Samal

CIVIL ENGINEERING
(GCE Keonjhar)
 CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY

This is to certify that the project entitled “Township

Maintenance” is an original work of the student and is being submitted
for the partial fulfilment of vocational training at Nalco, Angul from
20th May to 19th JUN 2024
This report has not been submitted earlier either to
this organization or to any other organization for the fulfilment of
Vocational Training.

Signature of Guider Signature of HOD

(Asst. Manager, Civil Tship)
 CONTENT
 INTRODUCTION

 PAINTING AND FLOORING WORK IN CONSERVATIVE BUILDING

 RCC JALI AT PARK BOUNDARY

 CONTRUCTION OD BOUNDARY WALL NEAR HOSPITAL AND AT SUNYA MANDA

 CONSTRUCTION OF SUBHAS CHANDRA BOSE STATUE (AT PARK NEAR STP)

 SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT

 PUMP STATION

 PLUMBING AND SANITARY WORK

 SCAFFOLDING FRAMEWORK
 CONCLUSION
  INTRODUCTION
National Aluminium Company Limited (NALCO) is a Schedule ‘A’ Navratna CPSE
established on 7th January, 1981 having its registered office at Bhubaneswar. It is
one of the largest integrated Bauxite-Alumina-Aluminium- Power Complex in the
Country. At present, Government of India holds 51.28% of paid up equity capital. The
Company has been operating its captive Panchpatmali Bauxite Mines for the pit head
Alumina refinery at Damanjodi, in the District of Koraput in Odisha and Aluminium
Smelter & Captive Power Plant at Angul.

The Company has a 68.25 lakh TPA Bauxite Mine & 21.00 lakh TPA (normative
capacity) Alumina Refinery located at Damanjodi in Koraput district of Odisha, and
4.60 lakh TPA Aluminium Smelter & 1200MW Captive Power Plant located at Angul,
Odisha.
 PAINTING AND FLOORING WORK IN CONSERVATIVE
BUILDING

Paint is any pigmented liquid liquefiable, or solid mastic composition that, after application to
a substrate in a thin layer, converts to a solid film. It is most commonly used to protect, color and primer,
or provide texture.
Ex. Vitreous enamel
 Oil paint
 Acrylic paint
 Eggshell
 Dispersion paint
 Distemper
 Aluminium
 Semi Gloss
 Bituminous Paint
 Paint sheen
 Anti corrosive paint
 Water
 High Gloss
 Watercolor painting
 Metallic paint
 Varnish
 Gouache paint
 Natural rubber
 Satin paint
 Matte paint
 Emulsion
 Cellulose paint
 Whitewash
 Semi gloss paint
What are the 5 components of paint?

Basic Components of Paint

 Base. The base is a solid substance in a fine state that forms the body of paint. ...
 Inert Filler or Extender. It is cheap pigment added in a paint to make it more economical and to save
the cost of base.
 Vehicle or Binder. It is also known as a binder. ...
 Solvent or Thinner
 Drier.
 Colouring Pigment
What is distemper paint used for?

Distemper paints are typically used for the interiors of households, offices, institutions, and many
more. The composition of distemper paint is such that it possesses an indoor pigment that can stay
on perfect for an exceptionally long time.

• WeatherCoat Glow is a 100% acrylic emulsion that provides unmatched protection

and performance to your exterior walls. The weather coat paint with its Stay Clean
formulation can withstand diverse weather conditions and comes with a rich sheen
finish.

What are the steps of painting walls?

Step 1: Prep the space. The first step to repainting your wall is to prep the area or room. ...
Step 2: Scrape off flaking paint. ...
Step 3: Sand the surface. ...
Step 4: Fill in gaps and cracks in the wall. ...
Step 5: Clean the wall. ...
Step 6: Use sealer to prime the wall. ...
Step 7: Apply the new paint.

FLOORING AND ITS TYPES

Flooring is the general term for a permanent covering of a floor, or for the work of
installing such a floor covering. Floor covering is a term to generically describe any finish
material applied over a floor structure to provide a walking surface. Both terms are used
interchangeably but floor covering refers more to loose-laid materials.
Laminate flooring
Wood
Cork
Carpet
Stone
Porcelain tile
Linoleum Flooring
Marble
Bamboo floor
Lumber
Ceramic
Granite
Brick
Tile Flooring
Vinyl
Hardwood flooring
 RCC JALI AT PARK BOUNDARY
1. It is used in boundary to cover the area.
2. It is precasted in company.
3. It is made with Reinforced cement Concrete with 6mm dia and 8mm dia bar at Upper Leg
and Bottom Leg respectively.
4. It is fixed in between the 10inches of brick wall with a concrete of ratio 1:2:4

What is the concept of boundary wall?

In other words, a boundary wall is a fence constructed to separate the land between two adjoining
landowners.
1. It provides safety and security to the areas.
2. Boundary wall may be of variety materials such as Brick, Stone, Rcc, Concrete and metal.

PROCESS OF MAKING VERTICAL BOUNDARY WALL

I. EARTH WORK
II. SAND FILLING
III. RAFT RCC 30OMM
IV. SHUTTERING FORMWORK
V. PROVIDING VERTICAL REINFORCEMENT 12MM DIA @ 200MM C/C
VI. POURING CONCRETE RATION 1:4:8(40MM) METAL
VII. REMOVAL OF FORMWORK AFTER 10 DAYS
VIII. CURING.

All items are measured by Gauge Box or measurement box whose size is 1ft, 1ft and
1.47ft
 CONSTRUCTION OF SUBHAS CHANDRA BOSE STATUE
SERIAL TYPES OF WORK UNIT NO LENGTH WIDTH HEIG
NO. . HT
SUBSTRUCTURE

01 EARTHWORK EXCAVATION CU.MT 1 3.15 3.15 2

02 BOTTOM PCC 40MM METAL CU.MT 1 1.35 3.15 0.1

(1:4:8)
03 RCC RAFT (M20) , 10MM CU.MT 1 3 3 0.3
DIA@150 MM C/C, 8MM DIA @
200MM C/C
04 RCC VERTICAL WALL C/C CU.MT 4 2.15 0.25 1.4
12MM DIA@ 250C/C & 8MM DIA
@250MM C/C
05 SAND FILLINF IN CU.MT 1 1.9 1.9 1.3
SUPERSTRUCTURE
06 TOP PCC WORK (1:4:8) CU.MT 1 1.9 1.9 0.1

07 RCC RAFT (M20) 10MM DIA@ CU.MT 1 2.4 2.4 0.2

250C/C & 8MM DIA @250C/C
08 SUPERSTRUCTURE

09 INCLINED RCC WALL M20, CU.MT 4 1.575 0.2 1.5

12MM DIA @250MM C/C , 8MM
DIA @ 250MM C/C
10 SAND FILLLING IN CU.MT 1 1.625 1.625 1.5
SUPERSTRUCTURE
11 PCC WORK (1:4:8) CU.MT 1 1.35 1.35 O.1

12 GRANITE WORK OF INCLINED SQ.MT 4 (1.35*1.4)+2*(1/2

WALL ABOVE GL *0.225*1.417)
 SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT

1. SCREENING
Screening is the first unit operation used at wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs).
Screening removes objects such as rags, paper, plastics, and metals to prevent damage
and clogging of downstream equipment, piping, and appurtenances. Some modern
wastewater treatment plants use both coarse screens and fine screens.

2. GRIT CHAMBER
Grit chamber is a long narrow or circular tank in the primary sewage
treatment plant that is designed to reduce the velocity of the flow of sewage
to eliminate the girt materials such as sand, ash and clinkers, eggshells,
bone chips and many inert materials inorganic in nature.

3. SKIMMING TANK
It is used for removing oil & grease.

4. PRIMARY SEDIMENTATION TANK/SETTLING TANK

It is used for removal of residual settleable suspended matter.
 Depth of setting tank is 10feet.
 Water level from bottom 5feet.
 Baffle wall to baffle wall distance is 2mt.
 Outer to outer of cover drain 1.75mt.
 Inner to Inner of cover drain 1.5mt.
 Cover slab (M20) is 1.5mt
5. COLLECTION CHAMBER
The Collection Chamber connects the transit vehicle to the vacuum
sewer system. Wastewater flows by gravity from four to six pickup
points into a collection chamber. Located above the sump is a 90mm
(3") vacuum interface valve which is pneumatically controlled and
operated.
6. AEREATION TANK
An activated sludge process where air is added into the water to encourage
microbial growth. The microbes in the water feed on the organic material
and form flocs that then settle out. There are two main ways that air is
added into the water and they are through blowers and mixers.

There are 4 numbers of aereation tank in STP Plant

7. CLARIFIER
Clarifiers are settling tanks built with mechanical means for continuous removal
of solids being deposited by sedimentation. A clarifier is generally used to remove
solid particulates or suspended solids from liquid for clarification and/or
thickening. Inside the clarifier, solid contaminants will settle down to the bottom of
the tank where it is collected by a scraper mechanism. Concentrated impurities,
discharged from the bottom of the tank, are known as sludge, while the particles
that float to the surface of the liquid are called scum.

There are 2 number of clarifier in STP Plant.

8. SLUDGE TANK
Settled solids from clarifier are transfer to sludge tank by pumping through pipes
and stored until their thickness increases then it is dried for 12 – 15 days in sum
and turned into humus soil.
9. RESERVOIR
Surface or cleaned water from clarifier is stored in reservoir for uses in
gardening or agriculture purpose.
 PUMP HOUSE

I. RESERVOIR
 Water from CPP plant is inleted into reservoir which is a
underground structure having length 20mt, width 16mt and height
6mt.
 It contains 6 columns (300*600).Its inner side wall is protected
with Sikka which is a water proof material.

II. DISTRIBUTION CHAMBER

In this chamber different dia pipes and different valves are
used to distributes water. It contains 25hp mechanical motors
and non-return valves.

DIFFERENT TYPES OF VALVES

Butterfly valve

Globe valve

Gate valve

Ball

Check valve

Plug valve

Pinch valve

Needle valve

Pressure Relief Valve

III. OVER HEAD TANK

An overhead water tank is a type of water tank placed at a certain
height. It can be built from any material, but the purpose is to ensure
maximum efficiency by keeping it at an elevated distance. Water from
the ground is filled into the tank through a pumping system.
 PLUMBING AND SANITARY WORK
1) PIPE AND ITS TYPES

Pipe is used for flow of water ,there are different types of pipes such as
 Copper pipes
 PVC pipes( Polyvinyl Chloride)
 CPVC pipes(Chlorinated Pvc)
 PEX ( Cross Linked Polyethylene pipe)

2) TYPES OF JOINTS IN PIPES

 Threaded joint.
 Brazed joint.
 Soldered joint.
 Welded joint (butt welded, socket welded)
 Flanged joint.
 Compression joint.
 Grooved joint.
3) Examples of joint Section
 Elbow
 Tees
 Double Y
 P & S Trap
 Increaser
 Cross
 Offset

SCAFFOLDING

 Scaffolding, also called scaffold or staging, is a temporary structure used to

support a work crew and materials to aid in the construction, maintenance and
repair of buildings, bridges and all other man-made structures.
 Single scaffolding. Single scaffolding stands parallel to a wall of a structure by using vertical supports
called standards. ...
 Double scaffolding. ...
 Cantilever scaffolding. ...
 Suspended scaffolding. ...
 Steel scaffolding. ...
 Patented scaffolding. ...
 Wooden and bamboo scaffolding
 CONCLUSION
It was a wonderful learning experience for me while working on this
project. This project took me through the various phases of project
development and gave me a real insight to the world of CIVIL
Engineering. The joy of working and the thrill involved while tackling with
various problems & challenges gave me keen knowledge of practical
approach. Through this project I gained a lot of knowledge on Township
maintenance.
During this period of training & project work I have practically seen
the various applications of many latest instruments.Hence at last I thank
all those who directly or indirectly involved in the completion of my
project work.
THANK YOU

Sai Gourav Samal

CIVIL ENGINEERING
(GCE Keonjhar)