Introduction:

1. Good day everyone. Today, we will discuss essential topics in Electrical Installation and
Maintenance NC II, focusing on Mensuration ,Blue print reading, materials specification
, Application of pulling compound , Methods in cable pulling

2. Interpret technical plan and drawing

3. Proper wiring procedure and cable pulling

4. Follow procedures in bending radius and loop tolerances for cables.

I. Mensuration:

Mensuration is one of a crucial part of electrical installation. Let's discuss the best practices:

1. Accuracy: Ensure all measuring tools are calibrated and accurate.

2. Double-Check Measurements: Measure twice to avoid errors.
3. Appropriate Tools: Use the right tool for each task to ensure precision.
4. Recording Measurements: Keep detailed records for reference during installation.

Using the right tools, double-checking measurements, and keeping detailed records are crucial practices
that lead to safe and efficient installations.

Tools and Their Usage:

1. Pull-Push or Steel Tape: Used for measuring distances, lengths, and dimensions.
2. Multimeter: Measures electrical values like voltage, current, and resistance.
3. Protractor: Essential for measuring angles, especially in conduit bending.

II. Blueprint Reading:

Blueprints are technical drawings that represent the layout of electrical systems in a building.
Let's break down the steps to read them:

1. Title Block: Check for project details such as name, date, and scale.
2. Scale: Understand the scale to interpret dimensions correctly.
3. Legend/Symbols: Refer to the legend to understand the symbols used in the drawing.
4. Lines: Different types of lines indicate various features like electrical wiring, conduit
runs, or connection points.
 5. Dimensions: Use dimensions to understand the placement and distances of electrical
components.

Legend and Symbols: Familiarize yourself with the legend and symbols used in blueprints to
accurately interpret the drawings.

III. Materials Specification:

Specifying the right materials is crucial for successful electrical installations:

1. Wire Type and Size: Different wire gauges are used for various applications:
o 14 gauge (2.0 mm²) for general lighting (15A).
o 12 gauge (3.5 mm²) for appliance outlets like laundry, bathroom, and kitchen
circuits (20A).
o 10 gauge (5.5 mm²) for dryers, air conditioning, and water heaters (30A).
o 8 gauge (8.0 mm²) for feeders and large appliances (40A).
o 6 gauge (14 mm²) for service entrances and feeders to the panel (60A).
o 4 gauge (22 mm²) for service entrance and feeder wire to the panel (75A).
2. Conduit Type: Selecting the appropriate conduit type based on the installation
environment:
o Rigid Metal Conduit (RMC): Ideal for areas with high physical damage risk.
o Intermediate Metal Conduit (IMC): Lighter but durable.
o Electrical Metallic Tubing (EMT): Thin and flexible for indoor installations.
o Flexible Metal Conduit (FMC): For tight bends or restricted spaces.
o High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Conduit: Flexible and corrosion-resistant.
o Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Conduit: Popular for outdoor installations and
underground projects.

IV. Interpreting Technical Plans and Drawings:

Technical plans and drawings are essential for electrical installation:

1. Types of Drawings:
o Electrical Schematics: Show electrical connections and components in a
simplified form.
o Wiring Diagrams: Illustrate the physical layout of wires, connections, and
components.
o Blueprints: Provide a detailed overview of an entire building's infrastructure,
including electrical systems.
o Single-Line Diagrams: Represent the flow of electricity through a system using a
simplified single-line format.
 oBlock Diagrams: Break down complex systems into simpler blocks showing how
they interact.
2. Key Skills for Interpretation:
o Attention to Detail: Pay close attention to symbols, lines, and annotations.
o Knowledge of Electrical Symbols: Familiarize yourself with standard symbols.
o Understanding Electrical Concepts: A solid understanding of electrical
principles is crucial.
o Spatial Awareness: Visualize how different components fit together within a
space.
o Problem-Solving Skills: Use the information to identify and resolve issues during
installation and maintenance.

V. Proper Wiring Procedure and Cable Pulling:

Proper wiring procedures and cable pulling are vital for safe and efficient installations: and these
are the tools that we will be needed during the activity

1. Tools and Equipment:

o Fish Tape or GI Wire #16: Used to guide and pull cables through conduits.
o Pulling Compound: A lubricant to reduce friction when pulling cables through
conduits.
2. Methods in Cable Pulling:
o Manual Cable Pulling: Suitable for shorter distances or simpler pathways.
o Mechanical Cable Pulling: Uses a cable puller for heavier cables through longer
distances.
o Continuous Cable Pulling: Used in longer conduit runs where cables are pulled
through multiple segments without interruption.
o Reverse Cable Pulling: Pulling from the opposite end to reduce friction and
ensure a smoother pull.

Best Practices for Cable Pulling:

 Pre-Inspection: Check conduits for obstructions, sharp edges, or hazards.

 Use of Pulling Compound: Apply to reduce friction.
 Avoid Over-Bending: Use conduit benders for smooth curves to prevent cable damage.
 Team Coordination: For longer pulls, coordinate with team members for safe and
synchronized pulling.
 Secure Cables Properly: Use cable grips or similar devices during pulling.
VI. Procedures in Bending Radius and Loop Tolerances for Cables:

Proper procedures in bending radius and loop tolerances are essential to avoid cable damage:

1. Bending Radius:
o Follow manufacturer guidelines for each cable type.
o Use appropriate tools like conduit benders to ensure smooth and accurate bends.
o Avoid sharp or abrupt bends that can damage the cable.
o Be extra cautious with fiber optic cables due to their sensitivity to bending stress.
2. Loop Tolerances:
o Cable Slack: Ensure there is enough slack to accommodate bends and loops
without stretching the cable.
o Support and Fastening: Use cable ties or clamps to secure loops without over-
tightening.
o Avoiding Tangles: Keep cables neatly organized to prevent tangling or
unnecessary loops.

Measurement for Common Bends:

1. Stub-Up Bend (90-Degree Bend):

o Use a conduit bender to achieve precise 90-degree bends.
o Measure and mark the conduit accurately before bending.
2. Offset Bend:
o Create an offset bend to route around obstacles.
o Ensure measurements and bends are precise to fit the installation requirements.

Conclusion:

In summary, mastering electrical installation and maintenance involves understanding

mensuration, reading blueprints, specifying materials correctly, interpreting technical plans, and
following proper wiring and cable pulling procedures. By adhering to these guidelines, we
ensure the safety and efficiency of our electrical systems.

Thank you for your attention. I hope this discussion has provided valuable insights into electrical
installation and maintenance.