RFID-Integrated Smart Inventory System

with Instant Web Updates

Team Members Supervised By:
Bishal Bhandari (THA077BEI013) Associate Prof. Suramya Sharma Dahal
Kalyan Kumar Shrestha (THA077BEI020) Lecturer
Kiran Chand (THA077BEI023)
Mohit Bhusal (THA077BEI025)

Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering

Institute of Engineering, Thapathali Campus

March 4th, 2024

 Presentation Outline

• Motivation • Methodology

• Introduction • Results

• Problem Statement & • Analysis of Results

Objectives • Future Enhancements
• Scope of Project • Conclusion
• Project Applications • References
3/4/2024 1
 Motivation

Live web update

and login

Node MCU Router Server &

Database

Frustrated Inventory Manager Secure and automatic inventory management

3/4/2024 2
 Introduction

• System tracks inventory, monitors transaction, and records

data.
• Sensors calculate high weight amounts, actuators dispense
lower weight items.
• Database stores records, accessible via authorized
websites.

3/4/2024 3
 Problem Statement and Objectives
• Problem Statements
• Workshops and lab inventory management systems lack efficiency.
• Real-time monitoring, tracking, and secure inventory access are
essential.

• Objectives
• To make inventory item tracking possible in real time
automatically.
• To improve visibility when monitoring inventories.

3/4/2024 4
 Scope of Project
• Project Capabilities
• Component greater than 30gram can be used in high weight category
• Different ICs(16-pins) can be used in low weight category

• Project Limitations
• Components greater than 10kg weight cannot be used.
• Components which are attached with other small component
may create error.
• Weight-diminishing components after use like glue, tape, liquid,
cannot be stored.

3/4/2024 5
 Project Applications
• Robotics labs and workshop
• School lab, robotics lab, inventory, workshop
• Medical and Healthcare
• Medicine, instrument, electronics item, blood bank
• Super market and general store
• Item tracking, minimal count error
• Manufacturing and Industrial Automation
• Component tracking, raw material records, manufactured item record

3/4/2024 6
 Methodology-[1]
(Software Requirements)

• React • VS code
• JS library for Frontend development • IDE for web development
• Node js • Arduino IDE
• Runtime environment • To program microcontroller
• Express js • Mongodb
• Framework for backend •Database Management System

3/4/2024 7
 Methodology-[2]
(Hardware Requirements)

• RFID • Relay module

• Key for unlocking door
• ESP32
• 32bit-Microcontroller with Wi-Fi
module
• Load Cell Sensor 10kg C3
• Measure weight of the
components
• Switch to control Solenoid Lock
• Servo motor
• Build opening and closing
mechanism
• Solenoid Lock
• Locks the main inventory door

3/4/2024 8
 Methodology-[3]
(System Architecture)

3/4/2024 9
 Methodology-[4]
(System Flow Diagram)

Requesting Permission RFID-based Inventory

Through Website Management after Permission

3/4/2024 10
 Methodology-[5]
(System Block Diagram)

Live web update and login

Load Cell

IC Dispenser

Node MCU Router Server & Database

3/4/2024 11
 Methodology-[6]
(Working Principle)

• User logins to the “Inventory Access” section from website

• Valid user gets the access of dashboard of inventory section
• User can request inventory or view access history
• User requests to take items from physical inventory

3/4/2024 12
 Methodology-[6]
(Working Principle)
• User uses RFID card to access physical inventory items
• ESP32 sends the read UID to server for verification
• Server sends user’s id (UID) and item quantity to ESP32 through
HTTP Client

3/4/2024 13
 Methodology-[7]
(Working Principle)

• ESP32 opens door solenoid for access

• Load cell measures item weight and servo switch awaits button
press to dispense ICs
• ESP32 monitors continuous data for over-removal, non-
requested removal and notifies by buzzer
• ESP32 sends inventory changes to server upon door closure

3/4/2024 14
 Methodology-[8]
(User Login Page)

• The frontend is made using Node.js

3/4/2024 15
 Methodology-[8]
(Dashboard)
• The frontend is made using Node.js

3/4/2024 16
 Methodology-[9]
(Access History Page)

3/4/2024 17
 closure and load cell array)
(3D Design of inventory
Methodology-[10]
Wooden base for lift

TV

FV Load cell LV
array Load cell sensors

Orthographic view of Inclosure OV of Load cell array

3/4/2024 18
 compartment and servo switch
(3d design of Inventory
Methodology-[11]

mechanism) Servo’s with opening

and closing shaft

Servo Switch Mechanism

Inventory compartment

3/4/2024 19
 (Fabricated parts of inventory
closure and load cell array)
Methodology-[12]
Wooden base for lift

Load cell sensors

Inventory closure Load cell array with

compartments above it

3/4/2024 20
 (Fabricated parts of Servo
Methodology-[13]
Switch Mechanism)

Servo’s with opening

and closing shaft

Servo Switch Mechanism

3/4/2024 21
 Methodology-[14]
(Calibrating Load Cell)

• HX711 is a precision 24-bit analog- to-digital converter (ADC)

S.N. Terminal Description
1. DT Data output pin for serial
communication
2. SCK Clock input for serial communication
3. A- Negative input of the differential
analog input
4. A+ Positive input of the differential analog
input
5. E+ Excitation positive input for the load
cell
6. E- Excitation negative input for the load
cell
3/4/2024 22
 Methodology-[15]
(Calibrating Load Cell)

3/4/2024
• Connection with ESP32

23
 Methodology-[16]
(Calculation of change in Item)

• For compartments with load cell:

• ESP32 interprets HX7111 voltage readings for item weight.
• Total weight divided by unit weight for quantity. Rounding adjusts for
accuracy.

3/4/2024 24
 Methodology-[17]
(Calculation of change in Item)
• For servo switch mechanism
• Vertical arrangement with servos ensures precise single-item
dispensing
• Upper servo opens, releasing one item; lower servo repeats the
process
• Button press triggers ESP32 to control servo for requested item
quantity
• After the button is pressed once, pressing again wont dispense any
item

3/4/2024 25
 Methodology-[18]
(Solenoid at main door)

Latched Solenoid Lock Un-latched Solenoid Lock

3/4/2024 26
 Methodology-[19]
(Solenoid working mechanism)

• Opening and closing of door

• Verified RFID unlocks door, pulse from ESP32 de-latches solenoid
• After 5 seconds the ESP32 latches solenoid
• Push button switch verifies door status, open/close circuit
• Closed circuit –door is closed, open circuit –door is open
• ESP32 retains requested RFID list until push button opens circuit

3/4/2024 27
 Results[1]
(Requesting From Website)

• Case 1: User Requests and takes exact amount from inventory

Taken exactly the requested

amount

Here Mohit has requested for 1 DC gear Access History Updates after Mohit takes
motor and 3 pcs L2983D IC out item from inventory

3/4/2024 28
 Results[2]
(Requesting From Website)
• Case 1: User Requests and takes exact amount from inventory
This LED turns on as only motor is requested

3/4/2024 29
 Results[3]
(Requesting From Website)
• Case 2: User takes from requested and non-requested
compartments both. Request for 2 breadboard

Took 3 breadboard
and 1 bldc too

Here Kiran requested for 2 Access History Updates after kiran

breadboard takes out illegal item from inventory
3/4/2024 30
 Results[4]
(Requesting From Website)
• Case 2: User takes from requested and non-requested
compartments both.
This LED turns on as only breadboard is requested

3/4/2024 31
 Results[5]
(Requesting From Website)
• Case 3: User only takes from non requested compartments
Request for 1 breadboard

Took 1 DC gear and

BLDC Motor each

Here bishal requested for 1 Access History Updates after Bishal

breadboard takes out 1 DC gear motor
3/4/2024 32
 Results[6]
(Requesting From Website)
• Case 3: User only takes from non requested compartments

This LED turns on as only breadboard is requested

3/4/2024 33
 Results[7]
(Requesting From Website)
• Case 3: User requests but don't take any item from the inventory
Request for 3 items

No update in previous value

Bishal requested one DC gear motor,

BLDC motor, and breadboard.

No item taken, access history remains

unchanged.
3/4/2024 34
 Results[8]
(Requesting From Website)
• Case 3: User requests but don't take any item from the inventory

These LEDs turns on as these three items are requested

3/4/2024 35
 Results Analysis[2]
(Error in Load Cell Measurement)
• Government-certified scale measures weight as 999.8 grams.
• Error in measuring the standard 999.8g in project load cell

3/4/2024 36
 Results Analysis[1]
(Error in Load Cell Measurement)
• Government-certified scale measures weight as 7.8 grams.
• Error in measuring the standard 7.8g in project load cell

3/4/2024 37
 Results Analysis[3]
(Error in Load Cell Measurement)

• 7.8g weight: sensor error 0.7g; 999.8g

weight: error 0.2g.
• Higher weights: improved performance,
decreased sensitivity.
• Errors vary due to calibration,
environment, sensor quality.
• Hence,Servo Switch ideal for low-
weight applications.

3/4/2024 38
 Future Enhancements

• ML can be used to predicts items for restocking in inventory

management
• Further enhancements can be made on the website to make it
more user friendly

3/4/2024 39
 Conclusion

• Real-time item tracking objective achieved; inventory visibility

enhanced.
• Accessibility is decentralized, promoting inclusivity and equitable
access to inventory.
• Ready to be implemented in RAC

3/4/2024 40
 References-[1]
[1] S. P. Raikar, "Radio-frequency Identification".
[2] M. Babiuch, P. Foltýnek and P. Smutný, "Using the ESP32 Microcontroller for Data
Processing," in 2019 20th International Carpathian Control Conference (ICCC), 2019.
[3] Mesquita and J. e. al., "Assessing the ESP8266 WiFi module for the Internet of
Things," in 2018 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Emerging Technologies and
Factory Automation (ETFA), 2018.
[4] S. V. Aluguri, S. Maddiveni, S. T. G. Kandibanda, B. Kotakonda and M. C. Anusha,
"RFID Based Inventory Management System," International Journal for Research in
Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET), vol. 11, October 2023.

3/4/2024 41
 References-[2]
[5] M. Junhong, "Research on Intelligent Warehouse Management System Based on
RFID," in Proceedings of the 2020 9th International Conference on Applied
Science,Engineering and Technology (ICASET 2020), 2020.
[6] N. . X. Jie and I. F. B. Kamsin, "Self- Checkout Service with RFID Technology in
Supermarket," in Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Integrated Intelligent
Computing, 2021.
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(nxp.com).
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[9] [Online]. Available: SG90-datasheet.pdf (friendlywire.com).
[10] [Online]. Available: http://www.ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/lm2596.pdf.

3/4/2024 42
 References-[3]
[11] Y. K. Shrestha, Y. Kawar, S. Dhakal and A. Bhattarai, "Full Wheatstone bridge
configuration of load cell," Researchgate, vol. 5, no. 1, January-April 2020.
[12] Dejan, "How RFID Works and How To Make an Arduino based RFID Door Lock".
[13] MACHINA, "AVR basics: SPI on the ATMEGA – Part 2," 2018.
[14] [Online]. Available: https://howtomechatronics.com/wp-
content/uploads/2018/03/lxurlvga8bq.jpg.
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content/uploads/2018/03/lxurlvga8bq.jpg.
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foreground-CM-charge-error-calibration-system_fig3_335764533.
[17] [Online]. Available: https://www.instructables.com/Connected-Cat-Feeder-Using-a-
Strain-Gauge-and-an-E/.

3/4/2024 43