Counterfort & MSE Retaining Walls

STRUCTURAL DESIGN & DRAWING
Course Teacher
Syed Salman Mobeen

Assistant Professor
Department of Civil Engineering
NEDUET
❖ Counterfort Retaining Wall
➢ When the Backfill is Very High the Cantilever Retaining Wall

Either Fails in Stability or Becomes Un-Economical in Design
to Control The Tip Deflection or the Strength.
➢ In such Cases, Counterfort or Tie-back Retaining Walls are
good Solutions
• The stem acts as a continuous slab
• Soil pressure acts as the load on the slab.
• Earth pressure varies linearly over the height
• The slab deflects away from the earth face between the counterforts
• The bending moment in the stem is maximum at the base and
reduces towards top.
• But the thickness of the wall is kept constant and only the area of
steel is reduced.
Maximum +ve B.M= pl2/16
(occurring mid-way between counterforts) and
Maximum -ve B.M= pl2/12
(occurring at inner face of counterforts)
Where ‘l’ is the clear distance between the counterforts
and ‘p’ is the intensity of soil pressure.
The heel slab is designed as a continuous slab spanning over the
counterforts and is subjected to downward forces due to weight of soil
plus self weight of slab and an upward force due to soil reaction.
Maximum +ve B.M= pl2/16
(mid-way between counterforts) And
Maximum -ve B.M= pl2/12
(occurring at counterforts)
• The counterforts are subjected to outward reaction from the stem.
• This produces tension along the outer sloping face of counterforts.
• The inner face supporting the stem is in
compression. Thus counterforts are designed
as a T-beam of varying depth.
• The main steel provided along the sloping
face shall be anchored properly at both ends.
• The depth of the counterfort is measured
perpendicular to the sloping side.
❖ Inclined Backfill
➢ If the Backfill is Inclined with the Horizontal Then Active Soil
Pressure and Force is Given By:
➢ If the Backfill is Inclined with the Horizontal Then Passive Soil
Pressure and Force is Given By:
DESIGN OF DIFFERENT
RETAINING WALLS
❖ COUNTERFORT RETAINING WALL
➢ Solving the Previous Problem of Cantilever

Retaining Wall With Counterfort Option.
➢ Assume Distance between Counterforts As 15 feet
➢ STEM DESIGN
48.1 Kp ‘
2.4 Kp
6.67 + 2.4 = 9 Kp
6.67 Kp
➢ Bending Moment Coefficients
➢ 1/10 – Negative Moment

➢ 1/14 – Positive Moment
➢ Wall Bending Moments
➢ Negative Moment = 1002 * 15 x 15 /10 = 22.5 K’
➢ Positive Moment = 1002 * 15 x 15 /14 = 16 K’
➢ Compare With Cantilever Wall = 48 K’
➢ For Maximum Mu (-Ve) = 22.5 K’
➢ As = 22.5 /4d = 22.5/(4x12) = 0.47 in2/ft
➢ As min = 0.0018 x (15x12) = 0.324 in2/ft
➢ For Mu (+Ve) = 16 K’ As = 0.333 in2/ft
➢ Shear Coefficients
➢ 1.15 w Ln / 2 Maximum
➢ Wall Shear “Vu”
➢ Maximum Shear = 1.15 x 1002 * 15 /2= 8.6 K

➢ Compare With Cantilever Wall = 9 K
➢ ΦVc = 0.85 x 2 √3000 x 12 x 12/1000 = 13.4 K
➢ Base Bending Moments
➢ Soil Weight = 1.2 x 18 x 110 = 2.37 K /ft
➢ Surcharge = 1.6 x 330 = 0.53 K/ft
➢ Self Weight of Base = 1.2x 1.5x 0.15 = 0.3 K/ft
➢ Total w = 2.37 + 0.53 + 0.3 K/ft = 3.2 K/ft
➢ Mu = 3.2 x 15 x 15 /10 = 72 K’
➢ As = Mu /4d = 72/(4x15) = 1.2 in2/ft
➢ COUNTERFORT DESIGN
➢ Soil Pressure = 1.2 x 18 x 110 = 2.37 K /ft
➢ Surcharge = 1.6 x 330 = 0.53 K/ft
➢ Self Weight of Base = 1.2x 1.5x 0.15 = 0.3 K/ft
➢ Total w = 2.37 + 0.53 + 0.3 K/ft = 3.2 K/ft
➢ Mu = 3.2 x 15 x 15 /10 = 72 K’
➢ As = Mu /4d = 72/(4x15) = 1.2 in2/ft
➢ Three Sided Supported Slab
➢ In a Counterfort Retaining Wall System, the Stem
is Behaving Like a Three Sided Supported Slab
➢ How The Stem Bends?
➢ More in Short Direction Or Between the Two
Parallel Sides. Less in Long Direction Or
Perpendicular to the Parallel Sides
➢ Not Easy to Find The Bending Moment in Both

Directions.
➢ Coefficients Have Been Developed to Calculate
the Bending Moments in Both Vertical and
Horizontal Directions Using Finite Elements and
Strip Methods.
➢ Coefficient is Like 1/8 in w L2 / 8
SMART RETAINING WALLS

❖ SMART RETAINING WALLS?
➢ Reinforced Earth – Retains Earth Through
Anchoring & Pressure Breakage.
➢ Anchored Walls - Retains Earth Through Back
Anchoring Mainly.
➢ Mechanically Stabilized Earth (MSE) – Retains
Earth Through Back Anchoring.
❖ MSE Wall
❖ MSE Wall
❖ MSE Wall
❖ MSE Wall
❖ MSE Wall
❖ Reinforced Earth
❖ Reinforced Earth ….. Mechanism and
Construction
Construction
Construction
Construction
Construction
Construction
❖ MSE …. Soil Nailing / Anchoring
❖ MSE & Anchored Walls ➢ Mechanism
❖ MSE & Anchored Walls ➢ Mechanism
❖ Anchored Walls ….. Mechanism and
Construction
❖ Anchored Walls ….. Mechanism
➢ Also Called Soil Nailing
➢ Soil Nailing
➢ Soil Nailing
❖ Anchored Walls ….. Soil Nailing
❖ Anchored Wall
❖ MSE Wall … Mechanism & Construction
❖ MSE Wall
❖ MSE Wall
❖ MSE Wall
➢ Mechanism
❖ MSE Wall
➢ Mechanism
❖ MSE Wall
➢ Mechanism
❖ MSE Wall …… Mechanism & Construction
❖ MSE Wall … Mechanism
❖ MSE Wall …….. Mechanism

Counterfort & MSE Retaining Walls

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STRUCTURAL DESIGN & DRAWING

Syed Salman Mobeen

➢ When the Backfill is Very High the Cantilever Retaining Wall

➢ Solving the Previous Problem of Cantilever

➢ Bending Moment Coefficients

➢ 1/10 – Negative Moment

➢ Wall Shear “Vu”

➢ Maximum Shear = 1.15 x 1002 * 15 /2= 8.6 K

❖ COUNTERFORT RETAINING WALL

➢ Not Easy to Find The Bending Moment in Both

SMART RETAINING WALLS

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Counterfort &amp; MSE Retaining Walls

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Counterfort &amp; MSE Retaining Walls

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Copyright:

Available Formats

STRUCTURAL DESIGN & DRAWING

Syed Salman Mobeen

➢ When the Backfill is Very High the Cantilever Retaining Wall

➢ Solving the Previous Problem of Cantilever

➢ Bending Moment Coefficients

➢ 1/10 – Negative Moment

➢ Wall Shear “Vu”

➢ Maximum Shear = 1.15 x 1002 * 15 /2= 8.6 K

❖ COUNTERFORT RETAINING WALL

➢ Not Easy to Find The Bending Moment in Both

SMART RETAINING WALLS

You might also like

Counterfort & MSE Retaining Walls

Counterfort & MSE Retaining Walls