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Leroux, Xavier, 392
Leschetizky, Theodor, 409
Libraries, chained, in England, 190
Lieurance, Thurlow, 487
Lind, Jenny, 335, 338, 449, 451
Liszt, Franz, 313, 322;
influence of, on Wagner, 361;
his life and work, 403–8;
sends scores to Thomas in America, 468
Locke, Matthew, 203, 205
Loeffler, Charles Martin, 482–3
Lohengrin, Wagner’s, 366, 368, 375.
Loomis, Harvey Worthington, 485
Louis XIV of France, 222 ff., 232, 312
Louise, Charpentier’s, 393–4
Lucia di Lammermoor, Donizetti’s, 337
Lucrezia Borgia, Donizetti’s, 337
Ludwig II, King of Bavaria, 370
Lullabies, 109–10
Lully, Jean Baptiste, 223–7, 233
Lute, the, use of, by the ancient Egyptians, 22;
by the Arabs, 59, 60;
introduction of, into Europe, 96;
use and development of, in 15th and 16th centuries, 150–1
Luther, Martin, 163, 165–7
Lyon, Rev. James, early American hymn book by, 460
Lyre, the, use of, by the ancient Egyptians, 22;
by the Assyrians, 25;
by the Greeks, 42
M
MacDowell, Edward, 491–4, 507;
Critical and Historical Essays by, cited, 45, 52–3
McTammany, John, and automatic pianos, 316
Macfarren, Sir George A., 438
Macfarren, Walter Cecil, 438
Mackenzie, Sir Arthur C., 438
Madame Butterfly, Puccini’s, 50, 383–4
Madrigals, 149 ff.;
golden age of, in England, 194
Maeterlinck, Maurice, 394
Magic Flute, The, Mozart’s, 288, 289, 291, 329
Mahler, Gustav, 427–8
Malibran, Mme., 465
Malipiero, G. Francesco, 539–40
Man, prehistoric, beginnings of music and musical instruments
among, 3–7
Mannheim School of composers, 273–4
Manon, Massenet’s, 392
Manon Lescaut, Puccini’s, 383
Manuel, Roland, 523
Manzoni, 381
Maria Theresa, 267, 299
Marie Antoinette, 213–14, 269, 271–2
Marlin, Jane, Reminiscences of Morris Steinert, by, 315–16
Marriage of Figaro, Rossini’s, 337
Martinengo-Cesaresco, Countess, The Study of Folk Songs, by, 140
Martini, Padre, 218–19
Masaniello, Auber’s, 334
Mascagni, Pietro, 382
Mason, Daniel Gregory, 403, 471
Mason, Lowell, 470
Mason, Dr. William, 470–1
Masques, in England, 173
Massenet, Jules, 391–2
Mastersingers, 104–6
Matthews, W. S. B., 471
Mattheson, Johann, 242–3
Mauduit, Jacques, 177, 178
Mayer, Charles, 344
Mazarin, Cardinal, 178, 222
Mechanical pianos, 316–19
Medici, Marie de’, 176, 178, 222
Medicine man, the, among the American Indians, 15–16
Mefistofele, Boito’s, 381
Méhul, Etienne Nicholas, 332
Meistersinger, The, Wagner’s, 369, 370–1, 372, 375
Mendelssohn-Bartholdy, Felix, 347–51, 353
Mendelssohn Glee Club of New York, 494
Messager, André, 392
Messiah, The, Handel’s, 262
Metastasio, 213, 265
Metre, introduction of, into music, 83–4
Metropolitan Museum of Art, clavichords and harpsichords in, 310
Metropolitan Opera House, New York, 469
Meyerbeer, Giacomo, 334–5;
influence of, on Wagner, 360–1, 364–5
Miaskovsky, Nicolai, 531
Mignon, Thomas’s, 386
Mikado, The, Sullivan’s, 341
Mildenberg, Albert, 497–8
Milhaud, Darius, 525
Milligan, Harold Vincent, quoted on American folk music, 141
Milton, John, father of the poet, 202
Milton, John, 173, 202
Minnesingers, 102–3
Minstrel, the, 88 ff.
“Miracle-plays,” 172
Modes, development of, in church music, 71–3
Mohammed, 56
Mohammedans, capture of Constantinople by, 165
Monochord, invented by Pythagoras, 41
Montemezzi, 385–6
Monteverde, Claudio, his innovations in music, and his operatic and
other works, 178–86
Montpensier, Mlle. de, 223–4
Moonlight Sonata, Beethoven’s, 300, 304
“Moralities,” 172, 173
Morley, Thomas, 194, 196, 198, 199
Morris, Harold, 506
Morris dance, the, 123–4
Moscheles, Ignaz, 320–1
Moses, 26, 27
Moszkowski, Moritz, 449
Motet, the, 147–9
Mourning songs, 126
Moussorgsky, Modeste, 444
Mouton, Jean, 155
Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus, Haydn his teacher and friend, 284–5;
account of his life, 285–90;
Don Giovanni, 288, 290, 291;
The Magic Flute, 288, 289, 291, 329;
his work, 290–2;
influence of, on Wagner, 360
Muses, the nine, of the Greeks, 32
Music, the process of change in, 515–19
Musical instruments, see Instruments, musical
Musical terms, derived from the Italian language, 206–7
“Mysteries,” 172
N
Napoleon I, 293, 298, 442
National Federation of Music Clubs, 479
National hymns, 115–17
Nature, sounds of, imitated by primitive man, 6;
personified in gods of the ancient Egyptians, 21
Naumann, Emil, 281, 285
Negro, the, and his music, 17–19
“Negro minstrels,” origin of, 473
Negroes, American, folk music of, 117, 118, 143–4;
their spirituals, 144, 500–1;
Stephen Foster and their music, 472, 473;
Henry F. Gilbert’s music founded on negro themes, 484
Neidlinger, William, 490
Neri, Saint Filippo, founder of oratorio, 171
Nero, Emperor, 45
Nero, Boito’s, 381, 382
Nevin, Arthur, 487
Nevin, Ethelbert, 488
New England Conservatory of Music, Boston, 476, 477
New England group of composers, the, 475 ff.
New York Philharmonic Society, founding of, 467
New York Symphony Society, 468
Netherlands, the, modern music in, 541
Neumes notation, 72
Nibelungen Ring, The, Wagner’s, 364, 366 ff.
Nikisch, Arthur, 412
Nilsson, Christine, 451
Nordica, Lillian, 469
Norma, Bellini’s, 337
Norris, Homer, 484
Norsemen, the, 91–2
Norway, composers of, 449–51
Notation of music, the Greeks the first to use, 40;
the Japanese, 51;
the Hindus, 65–6;
use of neumes, 72;
beginnings of the staff and harmony, 77 ff.;
the three, four and five line staffs and development of clefs, 79–80;
naming of notes of the scale, 81–2;
introduction of time values, 83–4;
tablature, 151
O
Oberammergau, Passion Play of, 173
Oberon, Weber’s, 329
Oboe, use of, by the Hindus, 66
Odin, 92
Offenbach, Jacques, 335–6
Okeghem, Jan, 153–4
Old Folks at Home, The, 474
Oldberg, Arne, 490
Olympic games, 37
Opera, the descendant of the masque, 173;
beginnings of, in Italy, 173 ff.;
the coming of Italian opera to France, 178;
operas of Monteverde, 181 ff.;
first public opera house in Venice, 185;
Italian opera composers of 17th and 18th centuries, 212–13;
opera in France, 15th to 18th centuries, 222–31;
Handel, 255 ff.;
Gluck, the father of modern opera, 263 ff.;
Haydn, 275 ff.;
Mozart, 285 ff.;
opera makers of France, Germany and Italy, 1741 to Wagner, 326
ff.;
Weber, 327–9;
the French school, 330 ff.;
Cherubini, 331–2;
Meyerbeer, 334–5;
Offenbach, 335–6;
Rossini, Bellini, Donizetti, 337–8;
opera singers of the late 18th and 19th centuries, 338;
English opera-ballad, 338–41;
light opera, 341–2;
Wagner, 359–76;
Verdi and Meyerbeer to our day, 377 ff.;
modern Italian opera, 377–86;
French opera, 386–95;
German opera composers since Wagner, 395–6;
early opera in America, 465–6;
opera companies in America, 514
Opéra comique, 330
Oratorio, Saint Filippo Neri the founder of, 171
Oratorio Society of New York, 468
Orchestra, size of ancient Egyptian, 22;
of the Roman theatre, 45;
of the Hindus, 64–5;
the Russian balalaika orchestra, 130;
the Hungarian gypsy orchestra, 134;
Monteverde’s, 181–2, 185;
meaning of the word, 234;
Haydn’s additions and improvements in the, 283;
rise of, in 19th century, 323;
the innovations of Berlioz, 401–2;
orchestras in America, 466–8;
symphony orchestras in America, 513–14
Organ school, the 17th century, 157–8
Organs, early, 85, 235–7
Orientals, music of the, 46 ff.
Ornstein, Leo, 508
Orpheus, 34–5
Orpheus and Euridice, Gluck’s, 268
Overtones, 528–9
Oxford, first chair of music at, 190
P
Pachelbel, Johann, 240
Pacius, Frederick, 453
Paderewski, Ignace Jan, 322, 449
Paganini, Nicolo, 324
Paine, John Knowles, 475–6
Palestrina, 167–70, 171
Palmgren, Selim, 453
Pan and his pipes, 32–3;
the organ a descendant of Pan’s pipes, 235
Paris, as meeting place for composers, 330 ff.
Paris Conservatory of Music, 430–2
Parker, Horatio, 478–9
Parry, Sir Charles Hubert Hastings, 438
Parsifal, Wagner’s, 372–3, 374
Passion Play of Oberammergau, 173
Patience, Sullivan’s, 341
Patriotic songs, 115–17
Patrons of music in America, 512–13
Patti, Adelina, 338
Payne, John Howard, 465
Peace Jubilees, in Boston, 486
Pelleas and Milisande, Debussy’s, 394, 416, 520
Pentatonic scale, 10, 18, 47, 113
People’s Choral Union, New York, 470
Pepys, Samuel, 198, 204
Percy Reliques, the, 106, 127
Pergolesi, Giovanni Battista, 212–13, 230
Persian music, 57
Peter the Great, 441
Pfitzner, Hans, 424, 535
Philadelphia, music in Franklin’s, 463, 464
Pianists, 319 ff.;
of the late 19th and the 20th centuries, 325
Pianoforte, the, 307 ff.;
its ancestry and development through the clavichord and the
harpsichord, 307–11;
the first pianofortes, and their makers, 311–15;
automatic players, 316–17;
value of mechanical players, 318–19;
performers on the, 319 ff.
Piccinni, 269, 270
Pierné, Gabriel, 392, 393
Pilgrims and Puritans in America, 458–60
Pinafore, Sullivan’s, 341
Pirates of Penzance, Sullivan’s, 341
Pius IX, Pope, 406
Pizzetti, Ildebrando, 540
Plagal scales, 72, 73
Plain chant, or plain song, 73
Playford, John, 197
Pleyel, Ignaz Josef, piano maker, 314
Pleyel, Marie, 323
Poe, Edgar Allan, 474
Poet and Peasant, von Suppé’s, 336
Poland, composers of, 448–9
Poland, modern music in, 531–2
Poldowski (Lady Dean Paul), 439–40, 531
Poles, folk music of, 113–14, 131;
instruments of, 131
Polish dances, 121
Polyform music, 516 ff.
Polyphony, introduction into church music, 70–1
Polytonality, 516, 517, 529
Ponchielli, Amilcare, 386
Pope, Alexander, 262
Porpora, Niccolo, 213–14
Portuguese folk music, 135
Powell, John, 499–500
Pratt, Silas G., 489
Pratt, Waldo Selden, History of Music by, quoted, 102–3
Prehistoric man, beginnings of music and musical instruments
among, 3–7
Près, Josquin des, 148, 154–5
Prescott, Wm. H., Conquest of Peru by, cited, 53
Printing, invention of, 163–4
“Program music,” 242, 397
Prokofiev, Serge, 531
Prophet, The, Meyerbeer’s, 335
Protestant Church, founding of the, 165
Provence, the troubadours poet-composers of, 97
Prunières, Henry, quoted on Monteverde, 185–6
Psaltery, the, 28, 29, 308
Public concerts, the first, 272–3
Puccini, Giacomo, 383–5
Purcell, Henry, 200, 204, 205–7
Puritans and Pilgrims in America, 458–60
Pythagoras, influence of, in music, 40–2;
his theory of harmonics or overtones, 526, 528
Pythian games, 37
Q
Quarter-tones, use of, 538–9
R
Rachmaninov, Sergei, 409–10, 446
Radio, the, 319
Ragtime music, 143–4
Rameau, Jean Philippe, 227–31
Rattle, use of, by American Indians, 11, 12
Ravel, Maurice, 417, 522–4
Rebeck, the, 189
Recitative style, the, 183
Reformation, the, 165
Reger, Max, 428–9
Reinken, Johann Adam, 239
Remenyi, 420
Renaissance, the, 163
Respighi, Ottorino, 540
Reyer, Ernest, 389
Rheingold, Das, Wagner’s, 367, 371
Rhythm, 517–18
Rice, Thomas, 473
Richard the Lion-Hearted, 99
Ries, Ferdinand, 299, 320
Rigoletto, Verdi’s, 379
Rimsky-Korsakov, Nikolai, 444, 445
Ritter, Alexander, 411, 413
Robert le Diable, Meyerbeer’s, 335
Robin Hood, De Koven’s, 336, 488
Romance languages, the, 96–7
Romans, music of the, 43–5
Romantic movement in music, the, 294–5, 320–2, 343 ff.
Romberg, Andreas, 324
Rome, the great musical center in the 18th century, 219
Rome, American Academy in, 507–8
Ronsard, Pierre de, 160–1, 456
Rore, Cyprian de, 156
Roses, War of the, in England, 187
Rosetta stone, the, 23
Rossini, Giacchino, 337
Rounds, 101–2, 123
Rousseau, Jean Jacques, 269;
quoted on folk music of Brittany, 136
Rubinstein, Anton, 322, 408, 443, 446
Rubinstein, Nikolai, 409, 443, 446
Russia, folk music in, 114, 129–30;
stringed instruments in, 130;
composers of, 441 ff.;
Michael Glinka, 442;
Rubinstein and Tchaikovsky, 443;
“the Five” group of composers, 444–6;
other composers, 446
S
Sackbut, the, 189
Sailors’ songs, 117
St. Bartholomew’s eve, massacre of, in France, 177
Saint-Saëns, Charles Camille, 386, 390–1
Salieri, Antonio, 332
Salome, Strauss’s, 412, 413, 415
Salon music, 322
Salzedo, Carlos, 511
Samson and Delilah, Saint-Saëns’s, 390
Sand, George, 357
Satie, Erik, 524, 525
Savages, the music of, 8 ff.
Sax horn, the, 401
Saxophone, the, 401
Scales: the pentatonic, 10, 18, 47, 113;
the ancient Egyptian, 23;
of the Greeks, 37–40;
of the Romans, 44;
of the Chinese, 47–8;
of the Arabs, 58–9;
of the Hindus, 65–6;
of St. Ambrose, 71, 72, 73;
plagal, of Pope Gregory, 72, 73;
of Hucbald and Guido d’Arezzo, 80–1;
naming of notes of our scale, 81–2
Scarlatti, Alessandro, 212
Scarlatti, Domenico, 220–1
Scheidt, Samuel, 241
Schein, Johann Heinrich, 241
Schelling, Ernest, 455, 499
Scherchen, Hermann, 536
Schillings, Max, 395
Schindler, Kurt, 512
Schirmer, Gustav, 513
Schmidt, Arthur P., 513
Schoenberg, Arnold, 532–3
Schola Cantorum, of Paris, 434, 435
Schools of music: of the 15th and 16th centuries, 146 ff.;
rise of, 151–2;
the Franco-Flemish school, 152–5;
the Venetian school, 155–7;
the 17th century organ school, 157–8
Schrecker, Franz, 535
Schubert, Franz Peter, 344–7
Schumann, Clara, 321, 420–1, 422
Schumann, Robert, 351–4, 420–1
Schütz, Heinrich, 240–1
Scotch and Welsh folk music, 137–9
Scott, Cyril, 544
Scotti, Antonio, 383, 384
Scriabin, Alexander Nicolai, 446, 526–7
Scribe, Eugène, 335
Seasons, The, Haydn’s, 281
Seidl, Anton, 428, 469
Shakespeare, 173;
and music, 199–200;
and the harpsichord, 310
Shofar, use of, by the Hebrews, 27
“Shout,” the, negro dance, 144
Siamese, music of the, 52
Sibelius, Jan, 452–3
Siegfried, Wagner’s, 367, 368, 410
Signatures, time, origin of signs for, 84
Sinding, Christian, 450
Singleton, Esther, The Orchestra and Its Instruments, by, 215
Sistrum, the, use of, by the ancient Egyptians, 22
Sjögren, Emil, 452
Skalds, Scandinavian, 91–4
Skilton, Charles Sanford, 487
Smart, Henry, 340
Smetana, Frederick, 446–7
Smith, David Stanley, 479–80
Smyth, Dame Ethel, 439
Société Nationale of Paris, 433–4
Solomon, King, singers and musicians of, 28
Sonata form, the, 243
Sonata, the first, 206, 241, 242
Song writers, of the late 19th century, 423 ff.
Song writers, American women, 481
Song writers, recent, of America, 509–10
Songs, patriotic, 115–17
Sonneck, Oscar G., Early Concert-life in America by, quoted, 459–
60
Sousa, John Philip, 487
Spain, composers of, 453–5
Spalding, Albert, 505
Spalding, Walter R., 475, 478
Spanish dance-songs, 122;
folk music, 135
Spinet, the, 210, 311
Spirituals, songs of the American negro, 144
Spirituals, negro, versus jazz, 500–1
Spohr, Louis, 329
Spohr, Ludwig, 324–5
Spontini, Gasparo, 332–3
Stabat Mater, Rossini’s, 337
Staff, the beginnings of, 77, 79, 80
Stainer, Sir John, 341, 438
Stanford, Sir Charles Villiers, 439
Steinways, the, piano makers, 315
Stevenson, Robert Louis, 389
Stock, Frederick, 468
Stoessel, Albert, 468, 506
Stojowski, Sigismund, 449
Stonehenge, 90
Stoughton Musical Society, 462
Stradella, 212
Strauss, Johann, 335, 336
Strauss, Richard, life and work of, 410–15, 424, 534
Stravinsky, Igor, 318, 446, 527–8, 530–1, 538–9
Streicher, Nanette, 313
Stringed instruments, the origin of, 307–8
Suites, dance tunes grow up into, 210–2
Sullivan, Sir Arthur, 336, 341–2
Suppé, Franz von, 336
Svendsen, Johan Severan, 450
Sweden, composers of, 452
Sweelinck, Jan, 157–8, 197, 240
Switzerland, modern music in, 541–2
Symphony, first composers of, in Germany, 273–4
Symphony orchestras in America, 513–14
Syrinx, or Pan’s pipes, 33
Szymanowski, Karol, 531
T
Tablature, 151
Tales of Hoffmann, The, Offenbach’s, 336
Tallis, Thomas, 192, 197
Tambourine, use of, by the ancient Egyptians, 22;
by the Assyrians, 25;
by the Hindus, 66
Tannhäuser, Wagner’s, 365–6, 370, 401
Tansman, Alexander, 532
Tartini, 218
Tasso, Torquato, 174, 180, 184
Tausig, Carl, 409, 448
Taylor, Deems, 506
Taylor, Samuel Coleridge, 439
Tchaikovsky, P. I., 409, 443, 446
Terpander, supposed perfection of tetrachord by, 39–40
Tetrachords, 38, 39, 44
Thomas, Arthur Goring, 438–9
Thomas, Charles Ambroise, 386
Thomas, Theodore, 467–8, 471
Thuille, Ludwig, 395
Tibia, or bagpipe, the Roman, 45
Timbrel, use of, by the Hebrews, 26
Time values, introduction of, into music, 83–4
Tone poets, 397 ff.
Tone relationship, Pythagoras’ theory of, 41
Torelli, 218
Tosca, Puccini’s, 384
Toscanini, Arturo, 382
Tourte, François, perfection of violin bow by, 323
Tremolo, invention of, 184
Trent, Council of, action of, on church music, 167
Trinity Church, New York, 464
Tristan and Isolde, Wagner’s, 369, 370, 372
Troubadours, the, 97, 99–101
Trouvères, the, 97, 101–2
Troyer, Carlos, 485
Trumpets, use of, in war by the ancient Egyptians, 22;
use of, by the Hebrews, 27;
by the Greeks, 43;
by the Hindus, 66
Twentieth century music, 515 ff.
Tyndale, William, 190
Tyrol, the, making of lutes and viols in, 215
U
Unfinished Symphony, Schubert’s, 346
United States, the, folk music in, 140–5;
modern music of, 456 ff;
lack of definite traits in music of, that could be called national,
457;
Pilgrims and Puritans, 458–60;
William Billings, 460–2;
the Stoughton Musical Society, 462;
the Boston Handel and Haydn Society, 462;
music in Franklin’s Philadelphia, 463;
Francis Hopkinson, 463–4;
early opera, 465–6;
orchestras, 466–7;
the New York Philharmonic Society, 467;
Theodore Thomas, 467–8;
the Damrosch family, 468–70;
the Mason family, 470–1;
Gottschalk, 471–2;
Stephen Collins Foster, 472–4;
the New England group of composers, 475 ff.;
Dudley Buck, 476;
George Chadwick, 476–7;
Horatio Parker, 478–9;
women composers and song writers, 480–1;
Loeffler, 482–3;
Victor Herbert, 486;
Sousa, 487;
Ethelbert Nevin, 488;
Reginald de Koven, 488–9;
MacDowell, 491–4;
Henry Holden Huss, 495;
Albert Mildenberg, 497–8;
John Alden Carpenter, 498;
Eric Delamater, 498–9;
John Powell, 499–500;
negro Spirituals versus Jazz, 500–1;
Louis Gruenberg, 502–3;
Irving Berlin, 503;
George Gershwin, 503;
Charles Tomlinson Griffes, 504–5;
the American Music Guild, 506–7;
the American Academy in Rome, 507–8;
Leo Ornstein, 508;
song writers, 509–10;

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