Utilization of Energy

Electrical Estimation & Costing and Tendering & Costing

Socho ghr banana hai toh kya kya sochte
Sochte ki naksha kese bnaye,kitne TK mein
BN jaega,kya kya samaan lgega(ennt,patthar)
Contigencies-chote mote kharche hote h jo.(5%)

Unforeseen charges- koi slight variation AA Jaye uske liye(2-5%)

 Product ke daam agr baad mein
bhd Gaye toh...isliye phle se hi
estimation Jada ka lekr chalte hai
kuki sarkar ek hi baar Paisa degi
baar baar nahi Jada hua Paisa koi
6. Contingencies baat nhi lekin km nhi pdna chaiye.

7. Unforeseen charges
Maan lo hum ne koi estimate bnaya tha lekin project ko chalu krne me itna Jada time LG gya ki market me products
ke value hi change ho Gaye toh ab dubara se revised estimate bnana pdega
 Security deposit-10%

Earnest money-koi ese hi time pass ke liye tendor na bhr de iske liye phle se hi kuch amount jma krana hota h
tendor bhrte wqt baad me jiska bhi tendor niklta hai usko chor ke baki sbki earnest money vapis krdi jati h(2-4%)
After disposal of tendor earnest money lauta di jati h
 Mtlb agr hum ghr bnva re h toh
hum phle hi bol dege ha ye ye
samaan hum dedege

Majduro ko pay labour regulation act ke tehat Dena hai.

Last me sbki calculation krege toh ho skta hai calculation me mistake ho jaye
Ek cost fix krdi jaegi(20lakh) ab
koi khega hum iske 100% PR
kaam kra dege,dsra khega hum
iske 120% PR kaam kra
dege,teesra khega hum iske 80%
PR hi kaam kra dege mtlb
(16lakh) PR hi
Item rate contract me sarkar ko ek ek item ka charge add karke then poora calculate krna pdta
tha phr pta chalta tha konsa contractor kitna le ra hai.but tha direct percentage se pta chl jaega
konsa contractor sasta hai konsa mehenga

Fix percent pr contract ja ra hai ab

kaam divide ni kr skte dsre
contractors ko ni kh skte aacha
tum ye kaam krdo tum ye krdo
Ghr bnane ka theka 30 lakh me
de diye
Kaam ho gya payment le lo.bilkul
calculation ki jarurt nhi

Bs koi chij agr extra add ya remove kri hai

ussi ka calculation krna hoga
Material department ka
hoga,hum sirf contract nikaal
rhe hai labour ke liye
Phle se samaan khareed kr rkh skte hai koi chinta nhi samaan ka daam
baad me bhade ya ghate aur khud khareede toh aacha maal khareedege
Labour toh bula Li ab agr koi material hum khareedna bhool Gaye toh USS vjh se delay
ho skta h kaam shuru hone mein
Material khareedna hai aur kuch nahi.bs uske liye hi tendor nikalege
Ye actual me koi contract nhi hai
10,20 hazaar Tak ka kaam krvane
ke liye hota hai ye bs
As ye koi tendor ni hai toh agr Hume LG ra h ye aadmi
kaam shi nhi kr rha toh hta skte hai vo case nhi kr skta hum
pr
Isme cost toh Diya jaega saath
mein aur bhi paise diye jaege ye
aur Jo paise diye jaege vo
depend krega ki aap project ko
kitne rupee mein krvate hai agr
aap project ko Jada rupee mein
krvate hai toh Jo extra paise dega
department vo km dega aur agr
aapne project ko Kam paiso mein
krva Diya toh department aapko
Jo extra paise dega vo Jada dega
Individual ho skta hai,private firm
ho skta hai,govt contractor ho
skte hai jisko har chij ki
samajhdari ho,jo hr niyam kanoor
janta ho,materials ka gyaan ho
called contractor
(2-3%) like security deposity baad
me vapis mill jati hai
 Like selective tendor

Like negotiated tendor

On the spot tendering,like in

gangajal movie chilla chilla kr
bolege ye tendor h kon kitne me
kr dega ese
Logo ke tendor bhrne ke baad
first compare krege ha Bhai kiska
tendor accept krna hai,then kisi ek
ka tendor accept krege,then jiska
tendor accept Kiya hai usko
acceptance letter bhejege