Cheung Sha Wan Catholic Secondary School

F.4 Half-yearly Examination (2010-11)

CHEMISTRY
Solutions
Section A
CCCBB BCABB ABCBA CCCDC CDADA BBCAC

Section B
1. appropriate dot-cross electron diagrams, clearly indicating ionic/covalent bonds
2. a) purple b) green c) yellow d) pale green
a)sodium hypochlorite /sodium chlorate(I) b)lead(II) sulphate
c)K2Cr2O7 d)Mn(OH)2 (1 mark each)
3. a) Isotopes are different atoms (1 mark) with different number of neutrons but same
number of protons (1 mark).
b) Relative atomic mass is the weighted average relative isotopic mass (1 mark) of all
naturally occurring isotopes of an element, in 12C = 12.00000 scale (1 mark).
c) H2(g) and 65CuCl2(aq)
d) let the abundance of 63Cu be x
63x + (1-x)65 = 63.54 (1 mark)
steps (1 mark)
abundance of 63Cu = 73%, abundance of 65Cu = 27%. (1 mark)
4. a) dilute hydrochloric acid
b) i) calcium oxide + water  calcium hydroxide
ii) calcium carbonate + hydrochloric acid  carbon dioxide + water + calcium chloride
iii) calcium hydroxide + hydrochloric acid  water + calcium chloride
c) Ca(OH)2 +CO2  H2O + CaCO3 (1 mark)
solution turns milky (1 mark)
heat is released (1 mark)
5. a) appropriate electron diagram drawn (1 mark)
b) 2,7
c) Chlorine is a gas; bromine is a liquid, and iodine is a solid. This is because the weak
intermolecular van der Waals’ force grows stronger as the atomic size increases. (1 mark)
Iodine, being the largest, would have the strongest intermolecular force and is thus a solid.
(1 mark) Bromine is slightly smaller and thus the force is weaker, and hence is a liquid.
Chlorine, being the smallest, has the weakest intermolecular force, and is thus a gas. (1
mark)
6. a) 21% (1 mark)
b) Glowing splint can be used. (1 mark) It will relight in the presence of oxygen. (1 mark)
 c) This is because it has a fully filled outermost electron shell. An octet or duplet gives
extra stability to an atom. (2 marks)
d) Fractional distillation of liquefied air can be used. (1 mark)
Air is first cooled and compressed into a liquid (1 mark), and the segregated by different
boiling points. (1 mark)
7. a) appropriate and workable setup drawing. (1 mark) labels (2 marks)
b) greater than 100 degrees Celcius. (1 mark) The presence of sodium and chloride ions
would increase the intermolecular force that exists between water molecules, and thus
increases the boiling point. (2 marks)

Section C
8. a) Filter the sea water and collect the filtrate. (1 mark)
Filtration setup with labels. (2 mark)
Evaporate the filtrate. (1 mark)
Filter the remaining mixture of salt water and collect the residue. (1 mark)
b) Dissolve the salt in distilled water. (1 mark)
Add aqueous silver nitrate solution. (1 mark)
Add excess dilute nitric acid. (1 mark)
A white precipitate would form to show the presence of chloride ions. (1 mark)
9. Use a platinum wire (1 mark) and wet it with concentrated hydrochloric acid (1 mark). Dip
the wire into crushed salt sample (1 mark). Heat the wire with a non-luminous flame (1
mark). Brick-red colour shows the presence of calcium ion (1 mark). Golden yellow colour
shows the presence of sodium ion (1 mark).
10. Graphite conducts electricity (1 mark). Each C atom forms 3 bonds and has 1 delocalized
electron. This mobile electron gives rise to electrical conductivity (1 mark).
Graphite is soft (1 mark). It has a layered structure; layers are bound by weak van der
Waals’ force. The easy sheer movements give rise to its softness (1 mark).
Graphite has high melting and boiling points (1 mark). Within each layer, each C atom is
covalently bonded. This strong bond requires a large amount of energy to break. Therefore
it has high melting and boiling point (1 mark).
Precise presentation with figures (1 mark).
Systematic presentation with good paragraphing (1 mark).
Concise presentation without irrelevant or false explanations (1 mark).