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BIOLOGY CLASS NOTES
TOPIC: Human Reproduction Lecture No.: 02

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 THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
• The male reproductive system is located in the pelvis region
• It includes a pair of testes along with accessory ducts, glands and the external
genitalia.

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•

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scrotum.
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The testes are situated outside the abdominal cavity within a pouch called

The scrotum helps in maintaining the low temperature of the testes (2–2.5o C lower
than the normal internal body temperature) necessary for spermatogenesis.
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• Normal testicles form early in a baby boy's growth.

• They form in the lower belly (abdomen), but descend, or "drop," into the scrotum
toward the end of pregnancy.
• Normal testicles attach themselves with stretchable tissue in the bottom of the
scrotum.
• This is controlled by the baby's normal hormones.

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• An undescended testicle (or "testis") is when it fails to drop into the normal place in
the scrotum.

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• Undescended testicles are also linked to a higher risk of:
• Testicular cancer in adulthood
• Testicular torsion (twisting of the chord that brings blood to the scrotum)

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• Developing a hernia near the groin
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• In adults, each testis is
• Oval in shape,
• Length of about 4 to 5 cm and
• Width of about 2 to 3 cm.
• The testis is covered by a dense covering.
• Each testis has about 250 compartments called TESTICULAR LOBULES.
• Each lobule contains in which sperms are produced.
• Each seminiferous tubule is lined on its inside by two types of cells called male
germ cells (spermatogonia) and Sertoli cells.
• The MALE GERM CELLS undergo meiotic divisions finally leading to sperm
formation, while SERTOLI CELLS provide nutrition to the germ cells.

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