INTRODUCTION TO RELAY:

The relay is the device that open or closes the contacts to cause
the operation of the other electric control.
It detects the intolerable or undesirable condition with an
assigned area and gives the commands to the circuit breaker
to disconnect the affected area. Thus protects the system from
damage.

INTRODUCTION TO RELAY COORDINATION:

When the protective relay trips in a sequence in a power

system to protect the system, network or a particular
equipment, it is called relay coordination.
The relay coordination should remove the faulty part with
minimal relay and circuit breaker operation.

WHAT IS RELAY COORDINATION:

The relay co-ordination is nothing but a tripping of protecting

relay in a sequence or order in electrical power system. Relay
coordination is very difficult task for relay engineers.
 Relay co-ordination is required to isolate the faulty part with
minimized relay & circuit breaker operation.
Correct overcurrent relay application requires knowledge of
the fault current that can flow in each part of the network.
Since large-scale tests are normally impracticable, system
analysis must be used.

WHY RELAY COORDINATION:

The purpose of Relay Coordination is for the quick isolation

of the affected portion of the system while maintaining the
normal operation elsewhere.
It can be achieved only by SSS means Selectivity, Sensitivity
and Speed. Mainly used in reduction of the short circuit current
to minimize the damage in the system or a network, and its
components or equipment’s.

NEED FOR RELAY COORDINATION:

Ensure the Equipment and personnel safety by lowering the

Incident energy by clearing the fault with minimum time
delay. To make proper discrimination of the faulty portion and
healthy portions of the power system network.
Reduce the outage time that will ensures the economic aspects.
Provision of alternate circuits, automatic throw overs and auto
reclosing devices can maintain the system from power outages
or interruption of Power flow.