11th

Grade

& PROBABILITY

Mark Kevin C. Samson, LPT

 Learning Outcomes

At the end of the lesson, the learner should be able

to:
• Illustrate and calculate the mean and variance

of a discrete random variable;

• Interpret the mean and variance of a discrete

random variable; and

• Solve problems involving mean and variance of

probability distributions.
 What can we infer from the figures below?

SET A SET B SET C

What can we infer from the figures below?

Center Center
SET A SET B
 What can we infer from the figures below?

SET A SET B SET C

Variance
 What can we infer from the figures below?
A B

Center Center
Standard Deviation
VARiance – how close/far is the
individual data with one another.

Standard DEViation – how close/far

is the individual data with reference to
the MEAN.

✓ Measures of Variability and dispersion

What does it mean to have a small or large
variance/std. dev?

Terminology Small Large

▪ Data are not varied ▪ Data are varied

▪ Higher chance of ▪ Lower chance of
homogenous data homogenous data
Variance/ ▪ Data are close with ▪ Data are far with
each other. each other.
STD Dev.
Zero “0”
▪ All scores in the
data set are equal
 Variance

SAMPLE Population
“𝐬𝟐 ” “𝛔𝟐 ”
Std. Dev

SAMPLE Population
“𝐬” “𝛔”
 Variance

𝝈𝟐 = ෍[𝒙𝟐 ∗ 𝑷(𝑿)] − 𝝁𝟐

Std. dev

𝝈= ෍[𝒙𝟐 ∗ 𝑷(𝑿)] − 𝝁𝟐
𝜇 = x•P x = ()
21
6
21
= = 3.5
6
 𝝈𝟐 = ෍[𝒙𝟐 ∗ 𝑷(𝑿)] − 𝝁𝟐

𝝈𝟐 = [𝟏𝟓. 𝟏𝟔𝟔𝟕] − (𝟑. 𝟓)𝟐

𝝈𝟐 = 𝟐. 𝟗𝟏𝟔𝟔𝟕 Variance

𝝈= ෍[𝒙𝟐 ∗ 𝑷(𝑿)] − 𝝁𝟐
෍[𝒙𝟐 ∗ 𝑷(𝑿)] = 𝟏𝟓. 𝟏𝟔𝟔𝟕
𝝈 = 𝟐. 𝟗𝟏𝟔𝟔𝟕
𝝈 = 𝟏. 𝟕𝟏 Std. dev
 Example No. 2
SURGERY PATIENTS
The probabilities that a surgeon
operates on 3,4,5,6, or 7 patients in
any day are 0.15, 0.10, 0.20, 0.25,
and 0.30 respectively. Find the
average number of patients that a
surgeon operates on a day.
= 5.45
Determine the VARiance and STANDARD DEViation
of the number of patients admitted for surgery.

1.35
෍[𝒙𝟐 ∗ 𝑷(𝑿)] = 𝟑𝟏. 𝟔𝟓
Variance Standard Dev.
𝝈𝟐 = ෍[𝒙𝟐 ∗ 𝑷(𝑿)] − 𝝁𝟐 𝝈= ෍[𝒙𝟐 ∗ 𝑷(𝑿)] − 𝝁𝟐
𝝈𝟐 = [𝟑𝟏. 𝟔𝟓] − (𝟓. 𝟒𝟓)𝟐
𝝈 = 𝟏. 𝟗𝟒𝟕𝟓
𝝈𝟐 = 𝟑𝟏. 𝟔𝟓 − 𝟐𝟗. 𝟕𝟎𝟐𝟓
𝝈 = 𝟏. 𝟑𝟗𝟓𝟓 𝒐𝒓 𝟏. 𝟒𝟎
𝝈𝟐 = 𝟏. 𝟗𝟒𝟕𝟓
 Let’s Try
A. Instruction: Read the problems below and
answer the questions that follow.
1. The following table shows the probability
distribution of the number of pre-loved items an
online seller can sell on a given day.
a. What is the probability that an online seller can
sell, at least, two pre -loved items on a given day?
b. Solve for the mean, variance, standard deviation,
and interpret the result.