CRIMINALISTICS – ANSWER KEY (100pts)

INSTRUCTIONS: Select the correct answer in each of the following questions.

1. A division of forensics ballistics that refers to the work of the police investigator in the field.
a) Field investigation c) Scene of Crime Operation
b) Legal proceeding d) Technical examination
2. The first law in the Philippines prohibiting sale, manufacture, illegal possession and
disposition of firearms and explosives.
a) Act no.1711 c) Republic Act No. 8294
b) PD 1866 d) Republic Act No. 482
3. This is the rate of speed of the bullet per unit of time.
a) Penetration c) Muzzle blast
b) Velocity d) Terminal energy
4. It is the sound created at the end of the barrel during explosion of the ammunition.
a) Penetration c) Muzzle blast
b) Velocity d) Terminal energy
5. What type of firearm is fed by at its chamber?
a) Single shot firearm c) Bolt action
b) Automatic type d) Slide action type
6. This is the farthest distance that the bullet can travel after it is out of the barrel of the
firearm.
a) Velocity c) Range
b) Maximum range d) Muzzle target distance
7. This is a kind of ammunition whose small pellets stored at its bullet can be seen.
a) Glazer ammunition c) Black talon
b) Incendiary d) Exploding
8. There are four (4) types of firearms, the rifle, shotgun, pistol and revolver. When you recover
a rimless fired cartridge case on the crime scene, your suspicion is focused on:
a) Pistol c) Revolver
b) Pistol or rifle d) Shotgun
9. This refers to the size of the bullet grouping on the target.
a) Terminal velocity c) Terminal accuracy
b) Terminal penetration d) Terminal wound
10. Freakish device or weapons is likewise called.
a) Zip guns c) Guns of unusual shape & design
b) Homemade guns d) Genuinely manufactured guns
11. This involves the presentation, identification, extraction, and documents of computer
evidence stored as data or magnetically encoded information (IBIS and NIBIN).
a) Computer analysis c) Computer technology
b) Computer forensics d) Data base system
12. Is the considered as the outer covering of the bullet?
a) Coating c) Jacket
b) Covering d) Mixture of lead
13. Is the direction of the pressure created during the combustion of ammunition?
a) Right c) Backward
b) In all direction d) Forward
14. It is where you mark a fired bullet.
a) Nose c) Ogive or anterior portion
b) Base d) All of the above
15. It is where you mark a shotgun shell.
a) Outside on the plastic/paper tube b) Near the open mouth
c) At the base d) At the rim
16. It is the reason why the investigator do not use “X” in marking his/her evidence.
 a) It is a universal mark c) It is confusing
b) It is not specific d) It does not provide information
17. These are markings which is particular and not fond in any other firearm.
a) Individual characteristics c) Class characteristics
b) Universal markings d) Firing pin marks
18. One which serves as the container of the gunpowder.
a) Shell c) Casing
b) Metallic or non-metallic tube d) All of the above
19. The term given for the container of the priming mixture.
a) Primer cup c) Shell
b) Casing d) Anvil
20. Is a highly sensitive mixture of chemical placed in the primer cup?
a) Gunpowder c) Propellant
b) Priming mixture d) All of the above
21. A system of identification which was used earlier than the fingerprint system, made by
measuring various bony structure of human body. Developed by Alphonse Bertillion.
a. Portrait Parle c. Tattoo
b. Anthropometry d. Photography
22. Is the distance of recognition in broad daylight of a person who is almost a stranger.
a. 100 yards b. 25 yards
c. 16-17 yards d. 10-13 yards
23. Is the basic principle involve in personal Identification which states that the greater the
number of similarity or difference the greater the probability for the identity or non-identity to
be conclusive.
a. Law of individuality c. Law of infallibility
b. Law of multiplicity of evidence d. Law of constancy
24. Which of the following personal Identification is not easy to change?
a. Hair b. Dress
c. Speech d. personal pharapernalia
25. Considered to be one of the most infallible means of Identification.
a. DNA fingerprinting c. Dactyloscopy
b. Fingerprint Identification d. Photography

26. Identification of person can be done either by Comparison or by____?

a. Exclusion c. Examination
b. Experimentation d. Inclusion
27. A system of Identification best used in case of burned body.
a. Fingerprint c. Skeletal Identification
b. Odontology d. Photography
28. The first conviction in the Philippine Case which gives recognition to the science of
fingerprint?
a. People Vs. Medina c. People Vs. Jennings
b. Miranda Vs. Arizona d. West Case
29. Known as the Father of Modern Fingerprint, whose system of classification was spread in
almost all English speaking country.
a. Juan Vucitich c. Sir Edward Richard Henry
b. Francis Galton d. William Herschel
30. Is the person who discover the two main layer of the friction skin (Epidermis and Dermis)
and to whom one of the thin layer of the friction skin was named.
a. Herman Welcker c. Marcelo Malpighe
b. Nehemiah Grew d. Dr. Henry Faulds
31. Anew Mexico Geologist who adopted the first individual use of fingerprints in August 8,
1882, by using his own thumb mark as a protection to prevent tampering with the pay order he
issued.
a. Sgt John Kenneth Ferrier c. Gilbert Thompson
b. Capt James Parke d. Dr. Henry P. De Forest
32. Is the person known for being the U.S. public enemy number one, who attempt to destroy
his friction by applying a corrosive acid.
a. Robert James Pitts c. Roscoe Pitts
b. John Dillenger d. John Augustus
33. Is the scientific study of the prints of the soles of the feet?
a. Poroscopy c. Podoscopy
b. Chiroscopy d. Dactyloscopy
34. Is the science of fingerprint identification
a. dactyloscopy c. dactylomancy
b. dactylography d. dactylo-analysis
35. The word finger was derived from what Latin word?
a. dermis b. dactyl
c. digitus d. skopien
36. The principle in fingerprint study that states that fingerprint cannot be forged. Fingerprint
is a reliable and a positive means of identification.
a. principle of infallibility c. principle of individuality
b. principle of permanency d. Law of multiplicity of evidence
37. What is the main layer of the epidermis, which covers the surface on which ridges are
visible?
a. dermis c. stratum corneoum
b. stratum mucusom d. sanguinal stratum
38. Friction skin may be damage permanently when which of its layer was damage?
a. dermis c. dermal papillae
b. epidermis d. generating layer
39. How deep is the cut in order to produced permanent scar?
a. more than 1 cm c. 1 m
b. more than 1mm d. 1dm
40. Is that appears as tiny black line with white dots (called pores) in an inked finger
impression?
a. sweat pores b. ridges
c. Furrows d. sweat duct
41. What are the depressed portions or canal structure of the friction skin (found between
ridges).
a. pores b. furrows
c. indentions d. duct
42. How many standard fingerprint patterns are there? (types)
a. three b. two
c. eight d. nine
43. A picture lies and even mislead. This statement is –
a) True b) Partly true
c) False d) Partly false.
44. Photograph is admitted as evidence in court, if it is a true and faithful
representation of the objects or subjects on the crime scene.
a) True b) Partly true
c) False d) Partly false.
45. A ruler or measuring device is considered as a marker and allowable
only in the photographs if it does not distort any portion of the original.
a) True b) Partly true
 c) False d) Partly false.
46. Film developing room is different from the enlarging room
because it does not have a red light.
a) True b) Partly true
c) False d) Partly false.
47. Microphotography is the process whereby big objects are
reduced to a very small copy.
a) True b) Partly true
c) False d) Partly false.
48. An X-synchronization is a bracket for the synchronization
of the camera electronic flash.
a) True b) Partly true
c) False d) Partly false.
49. Enlarging with the aid of enlarger is primarily used to obtain larger print.
a) True b) Partly true
c) False d) Partly false.
50. Photographs must be presented in court together with the crime scene sketch in order to show the
correct orientation of objects within. –
a) True b) Partly true
c) False d) Partly false. -
51. Camera and subject position are factors that will lead to misleading photographs.
a) True b) Partly true
c) False d) Partly false
52. In fingerprint photography, the use of panchromatic film is essential
because of its sensitivity to all colors and capacity to produce contrast.
- a) True b) Partly true
c) False d) Partly false
53. An art or science that deals with the study of the principles of photography,
the preparation of photographic evidence and its application to police work.
a) Forensic photography b) Police photography
c) photography d) Digital photography.
54. A problem usually encountered by the photographer when he uses a flash unit
(a) parallax, (b) keystoning effect,
(c) synchronization, (d) double image).
55. Primarily the controlling factor of the sharpness of the image in photography is the
(a) focal distance, (b) focusing,
(c) focal length, (d)hyper focal distance)
56. The processing step where the image formed in the film or paper is made permanent is at the
(a) developer, (b) stop-bath,
(c) bleacher, (d) fixer).
57. A lens that is generally characterized by the fact that it is always thicker
at the center and thinner at the sides is called the
(a) negative lens, (b) positive lens,
(c) concave lens, (d) diverging lens).
58.The wavelength of an electromagnetic energy referring to visible
light are those from ____________ nanometers.
(a) 001-30, (b) 30-400,
(c) 400-700, (d) 700-1000)
59. Fingerprint experts are convinced that “no two person shall have the same fingerprint
characteristics”. But according to some mathematicians, there might be possibility of two
persons having the same fingerprint to the ration of_____
 a. 1:6 billion c. 1:64 million
b. 1:6 billion d. 1:64 billion
60. The basis of fingerprint identification.
a. Comparative examination of the ridge characteristics found on the fingers
b. Comparative examination of the ridge found on the sole of the foot
c. Comparative examination of the pores found on the fingers
d. Comparative examination of the furrows found on the fingers
61. The first leading judicial decision in the Philippines jurisprudence on the science of
fingerprint.
a. PP vs Medina, 59 Phil. 330
b. PP vsJenning
c. US vsAsensi, 34, Phil 750
d. PP vsPonferada, et al. Phil. 68
62 .Principle of constancy in fingerprint science means that fingerprint is ________
a. unchanging b. not possible of forgery
c. not conclusive d. fallible
63. This refers to a permanent scar
a. ankylosis b. macrodactyl
c. nacrodactyl d. sicratiz
64. Means to enter on a fingerprint record card of all known essential data about a subject,
except the fingerprint itself.
a. recording c. filing
b. filling out d. blocking out
65. An area about the center of the palm down near the wrist.
a. distal c. hypothenar zone
b.carpal delta zone d. thenar zone
66. Large cushion below the base of the big toe.
a. carcar zone c. ball zone
b. fibular zone d. proximal
67. These conditions consist of congenital absence of epidermal ridges.
a. ridge hypoplasia c. ridge aplasia
b. ridge dissociation d. none of these
68. The congenital absence of one or more digits
a. nacrodactyl c. macrodactyl
b. ectrodactyl d. brachdactyl
69. The fingers or toes be flexed.
a. syndactyl c. orthodactyl
b. macrodactyl d. ankylosis
70. This is the large cushion below the base of the thumb.
a. thenar zone c. proximal
b. distal d. carcar zone
71. Introduced the new stsyem of palmistry.
a. Thomas Bewick c. Adolphe Quetelet
b. Thomas taylor d. Herman Welcker
72. The burglar in the name of Harry Jackson left his thumbprint on the paintwork of the house
he entered in 1902. This case was considered as the first conviction in what country?
a. Argentina c. U.K.
 b.U.S. d. Canada
73.It is referred as any document under scrutiny or which an issue is has been raised.
a. Documents c. handwriting
b. Questioned documents d. holographic
74. A document written and signed by one person.
a. Disputed document c. Holographic
b. Graph document d. Holographic document
75. Considered “father of Questioned Documents”.
a. Albert S. Oxford c. Jason Murphy
b. Albert S. Osborn d. Alex Jeff
76. Handwriting analysis or study to determine one’s personality traits.
a. Graphologist c. Graphology
b. Graphing d. Hand specimen
77. Also known as “Post Litel Motam Standards”.
a. Requested writing c. Collected Standard
b. Dictated Standard d. Standard writing
78. Standard document which are executed and prepared at one time upon request. EXCEPT
a. Post Litel Motam Standards c. Dictated standard
b. Requested Standard d. None of the above
79. Is a disease where one losses the ability to write even though he could still grasp a writing
instrument.
a. Agraphy c. Agraphia
b. Agrophia d. nerve breakdown
80. A group of muscle which pushes the pen up to form the upward strokes.
a. Flexor c. Lumbrical
b. Extensor muscle d. Lateral muscle
81. A group of muscle which pushes the pen down to form a downward stroke.
a. Flexor c. Lumbrical
b. Extensor muscle d. Lateral muscle
82. The combination of the flexor and extensor muscles with lumbrical muscles form a new
stroke which is called?
a. Flexor c. Extensor
b. Lateral Strokes d. Lumbrical muscle
83. This are records that can be obtained from files of documents executed in the course of a
person’s day to day activity.
a. Collected standard c. Dictated
b. Requested standard d. Disputed document

84. Also known as “Collected Standard”?

a. Procured c. Post Litel Motam Standard
b. Requested d. Standard document
85. The amount of standard writing needed for accurate analysis and comparison of standard
writings.
a. 8 standard c. 5-4 standard
b. 7 standard d. 11 standard
86. Latent Prints are made through the;
a. Ridge of the skin c. Furrows of the skin
b. Ridge formation d. Perspiration on top of the finger
87. It is the ridge count of the first loop in a set with fingerprints beginning with right thumb
EXCEPT the little fingers.
a. Final Classification d. Major Classification
b. Key Classification e. Primary Classification
 c. None of these
88. Once a fingerprint has been visualized, it must be preserved by;
a. lifting the impression D. photocopy
b. developing the latent print E. All of these
c. photography
89. In taking the fingerprint of the dead bodies, were rigor mortis has not yet started what
should the oper ator do?
a. Little massage of the fingers to make them flexible.
b. Submerging the lower part of the forearm in sufficiently hot water for a minute and
rapidly and continuously moving the wrist and the fingers.
c. Soak the fingers on a solution of strong ammonia.
d. Air is injected on the edge of the fingers.
90. In ridge tracing of a whorl, 3 or more ridges above the right delta is considered as whorl
pattern with –
a. Meeting Tracing c. Outer Tracing
b. Inner Tracing d. none of these
91. The vantage point or range that must be considered in taking crime scene photographs.
a) Medium range b) Close-up range
c) Overall range d) All of the above
92. In taking a photograph of a crime scene it is important that the camera position must be at-
a) Eye level b) Going to North direction
c) at 90 degrees angle d) All of these
93. The general types of photographic paper can be classified according to-
a) Chemical contents such as chlorides, bromides, or chloro-bromides;
b) Contrast such as #0, #1, #2 and #3;
c) Physical characteristics such as to weight-(single of double)
or as to surface- (glossy, matte, semi-matte, matte) or as to color-(white cream)
d) All of the above
e) None of the above.
94. Introduced hydroquinone as a developing agent and invited the copper bromide-silver nitrate
method of negative intensification
a) Abney b) Bertillon
c) Conrady d) Douglas e) Eastman
95. Inherent characteristics of lenses, usually observe in simple lenses.
a) Aberration b) flare
c) Chromatic d) Spherical aberration e) Coma
96. Types of lenses in which two colors are brought to the same focus.
a) Anastigmat b) Broken
c) Coma d) Distortion e) Lens defect
97. Hardening agent used in fixing bath.
a) Axis b) Boric
c) Chlorine d) Denatured e) Ethyl
98. Distance measured along the lens axis from the center of the lens surface to the focal plane or film
plane is called .
a) Axis of the lens b) Back focus
c) Central plane d) Diagonal
99. Introduced the first developing but contact printing trademark below.
a) Abney b) Backland
c) Conrady d) Douglas e) Eastman
100. The inventor of Leica Camera.
a) ABBE b) Backman
c) Conrady d) Douglas e) Eastman