CHAPTER 5 - Structural Steel 5-55

SECTION 505 The nominal compressivestrength, P n, shall be determined

basedon the limitstateof flexural buckling.
DESIGN OF MEMBERS FOR
COMPRESSION (505.3-\)

505.1 General Provisions The flexural buckling stress, Fer, is determined as follows:

The design compressive strength, c/JeP n, and the allowable

compressive strength, P nl ne,are determined as follows: 1. when -KL ~4.71
r
fl;
-
Fy
(or Fe :2: 0.44Fy)

The nominal compressive strength, P n, shall be the lowest

value obtained according to the limit states of flexural
buckling,torsionalbucklingand flexural-torsionalbuckling. Fer = [0.658;:]Fy (505.3-2)

1. For doublysymmetricand singlysymmetricmembersthe

2.
limitstateof flexuralbuckling is applicable.

For singly symmetric and unsymmetric members, and

2. when -KL >4.71-
r
fl;
Fy
(or Fe < 0.44Fy)
certain doubly symmetric members, such as cruciform
or built-up columns, the limit states of torsional or
flexural-torsionalbuckling are also applicable. Fer = 0.877Fe (505.3-3)
where
c/Je = 0.90 eLRFD) ne = 1.67(ASD)
Fe = elastic critical buckling stress determined according
505.2 Slenderness Limitations and Effective Length to Eq. 505.3-4, Section 505.4, or the provisions of
Section 503.2, as applicable, MPa.
The effective length factor, K, for calculation of column
slenderness, KLlr, shall be determined in accordance with
Section 503, (505.3-4)

where
L = laterallyunbraced length of the member, mm
r governing radius of gyration, mm
K = the effective length factor, as shown below
User Note: For members designed on the basis of
compression, the slenderness ratio KLlr preferably
should not exceed 200.
505.3 Compressive Strength for Flexural Buckling of
Members Without Slender Elements
This section applies to compression members with compact
and noncompact sections, as defined in Section 502.4, for
uniformly compressed elements.
User Note: The two equations for calculatingthe limits and
applicabilityof Section 505.3, one based on KLlr and one
basedon Fe' providethe same result.
505.4 Compressive Strength for Torsional and
Flexural-Torsional Buckling of Members
without Slender Elements
This section applies to singly symmetric and unsymmetric
members, and certain doubly symmetric members, such as
cruciform or built-up columns with compact and
noncompact sections, as defined in Section 502.4 for
uniformly compressed elements. These provisions are not
required for single angles, which are covered in Section
505.5.

User Note: When the torsional unbraced length is larger
than the lateral unbraced length, then Section 505.4 may
control the design of wide flange and similarly shaped
columns.
The nominal compressive strength, P n, shall be determined
based on the limit states of flexural-torsional and torsional
buckling, as follows:
(505.4-1)

Association of Structural Engineers of the Philippines, Inc. (ASEP)

r
\
5-56 CHAPTER 5 - Structural Steel

where
I. For double-angle and tee-shaped compression
members:
Ag gross area of member, mm2
Cw warping constant, mm"

Fer
= (Eery 2H
+ Ferz) [ _
1
1- _4._F_el..::.;..y_F_Cr_zH---::-2]
(F cry t F crz) (505.4-7)

(505.4-2) x2 +y2
H=1- 0 0 (505.4-8)
-2
To
where Fery taken as Fer from Eq. 505.3-2 or 505.3-3,
for flexural buckling about the y-axis of symmetry and 1£2E
F =---=-
KL KL and ex K L 2 (505.4-9)
(T: )
6J
F erz =--
A - 2 (505.4-3)
gTo (505.4-10)

2. For all other cases, Fer shall be determined according to

Eq. 505.3-2 or 505.3-3, using the torsional or flexural-
torsional elastic buckling stress, Fe, determined as (505.4-11)
follows:
a. For doubly symmetric members:
G shear modulus of elasticity of steel
77 200 MPa
(505.4-4) moment of inertia about the principal axes,
mm4
torsional constant, mm"
b. For singly symmetric members where y is the axis effective length factor for torsional buckling
of symmetry: coordinates of shear center with respect to the
centroid.anm

Fe
+ Fez)
= (F ey 2H [ _
1
v;r.» ]
1- -_;;--..".
polar radius of gyration about the shear center,
mm
(Fey + Fez)2 radius of gyration about y-axis, mm
(505.4-5)
User Note: For doubly symmetric I-shaped sections,
c. For un symmetric members, Fe is the lowest root Cw may be taken as lyh~/4, where ho is the distance
of the cubic equation:
between flange centroids, in lieu of a more precise analysis.
For tees and double angles, omit term with Cw when
computing Fez and take Xo as O.

505.5 SingleAngleCompression Members

The nominal compressive strength, P n, of single angle

members shall be determined in accordance with. Section
505.3 or Section 505.7, as appropriate, for axially loaded
(505.4-6) members, as well as those subject to the slenderness
modification of Sections 505.5(1) or 505.5(2), provided the
members meet the criteria imposed.

Association of Structural Engineers of the Philippines, Inc. (ASEP)