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O Level Maths Coordinate Geometry involves studying the position of points on a plane
using a coordinate system. Here are the basic concepts:

1. **Coordinate System**: This system uses two perpendicular axes (the x-axis and y-axis)
to define the position of points. The point where these axes intersect is called the origin
(0, 0).

2. **Coordinates of a Point**: Any point on the plane is defined by an ordered pair (x, y), where:
- \( x \) is the horizontal distance from the origin.
- \( y \) is the vertical distance from the origin.

2. **Plotting Points**: To plot a point, start at the origin. Move horizontally to the x-
coordinate and then vertically to the y-coordinate.

3. **Distance Between Two Points**: The distance between two points \((x_1, y_1)\) and \
((x_2, y_2)\) can be found using the distance formula:

\[
\text{Distance} = \sqrt{(x_2 – x_1)^2 + (y_2 – y_1)^2}
\]

4. **Midpoint of a Line Segment**: The midpoint between two points \((x_1, y_1)\) and \
((x_2, y_2)\) is given by the midpoint formula:
\[
\text{Midpoint} = \left(\frac{x_1 + x_2}{2}, \frac{y_1 + y_2}{2}\right)
\]

5. **Gradient (Slope) of a Line**: The gradient of a line connecting two points \((x_1,
y_1)\) and \((x_2, y_2)\) is calculated by:
\[
\text{Gradient} = \frac{y_2 – y_1}{x_2 – x_1}
\]

6. **Equation of a Line**: The equation of a straight line can be written in the form \(y =
mx + c\), where \(m\) is the gradient and \(c\) is the y-intercept (the point where the line
crosses the y-axis).

Understanding these basics will help you handle most problems in O Level Maths Coordinate
Geometry.

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