DC CIRCUIT

1. Which electrical component is representing by the following symbols?

(A) A diode (B) A light-dependent resistor

(C) A resistor (D) A thermistor
2. A row of 25 decorative lights, connected in series, is connected to a mains transformer. When
the supply is switched on, the lights do not work. The owner uses a voltmeter to test the circuit.
When the voltmeter is connected across the third bulb in the row, a reading of zero is obtained.
Which of the following cannot be the only fault in the circuit?
(A) The filament of one of the other bulbs has broken.
(B) The filament of the third bulb has broken.
(C) The fuse in the mains transformer has blown.
(D) There is a break in the wire from the supply to the transformer.
3. An electrical source with internal resistance r is used to operate a lamp of resistance R. What
fraction of the total power is delivered to the lamp?
R +r R−r
(A) (B)
R R
R R
(C) (D)
R +r r
4. A p.d of 12V is connected between P and Q

What is the p.d between X and Y?

(A) 0V (B) 4V
(C) 6V (D) 8V
5. Two resistors, of resistance 200 kΩ and 1 MΩ respectively, from a potential divider with outer
junctions maintained at potential of +3 V and -15 V.

What is the potential at the junction X between the resistor?

(A) +1V (B) 0V
(C) -0.6V (D) -12V
6. The diagram shows a potential divider connected a 9.0 V supply of negligible internal
resistance.
 What range of voltages can be obtained between P and Q?
(A) Zero to 1.5 V (B) Zero to 7.5 V
(C) 1.5 V to 7.5 V (D) 1.5 V to9.0 V
7. Some early electric lamps used carbon filaments. The resistance of these filaments decreases as
their temperature increases.
Which graph shows how the current I in the filament varies with the potential difference V
across:

8. The diagram shows a circuit with four voltmeter readings V, V1, V2 and V3.

Which equation relating the voltmeter readings must be true?

(A) V = V1 + V2 + V3 (B) V + V1 + V2 + V3
(C) V3 = 2(V2) (D) V - V1 = V3
9. A circuit is set up with an LDR and a fixed resistor as shown.

The voltmeter reads 4 V.

The light intensity is increased.
 What is a possible voltmeter reading?
(A) 3V (B) 4V
(C) 6V (D) 8V
10. The diagram shows a parallel combination of three resistors.
The total resistance of the combination is 3Ω.

What is the resistance of resistor X?

(A) 2 Ω (B) 3 Ω
(C) 6 Ω (D) 12 Ω
11. A potential divider has a constant supply of 6.0 V as shown in the diagrams.
Which circuit will provide a potential difference between X and Y that can be varied between
zero and 3.0 V?

12. A battery has an e.m.f of 3.0 V and an internal resistance of 2.0Ω.

The battery is connected to a load of 4.0Ω.

What are the terminal potential difference V and output power P?
V/ V P/ W
A 1.0 0.50
B 1.0 1.5
C 2.0 1.0
D 2.0 1.5
13.
In the circuit, a 10.0 V supply of negligible internal resistance is joined to two 30kΩ resistor in
series. A voltmeter of resistance 60 kΩ is connected in parallel with one of the resistors.
What is the reading on the voltmeter?
(A) 4.0 V (B) 5.0 V
(C) 6.0 V (D) 6.7 V
14. When four identical lamps P, Q, R and S are connected as shown in diagram l, they have
normal brightness.

The four lamps and the battery are then connected as shown in diagram 2.
Which statement is correct?
(A) The lamps do not light.
(B) The lamps are less bright than normal.
(C) The lamps have normal brightness.
(D) The lamps are brighter than normal.
15. In the circuit shown, there is a current of 3.0 A in the 2.0Ω resistor.

What are the values of the current I delivered by the power supply and the voltage V across it?
I/ A V/ V
A 3.0 10.5
B 4.0 9.0
C 4.0 12
D 12 18
16. Four resistors are connected as shown.

Between which two points does the maximum resistance of the combination occur?
 (A) P and Q (B) Q and S
(C) R and S (D) S and P
17. A cell of e.m.f 3.0 V and negligible internal resistance is connected to the network of resistance
shown.

V1 is the potential difference between S and P. V2 is the potential difference between S and Q.
What is the value of V1 – V2?
(A) +0.50 V (B) +0.20 V
(C) -0.20 V (D) -0.50 V
18. A 40 V d.c. supply of negligible internal resistance is connected to a series combination of two 10
Ω resistors and a variable 0 to 20 Ω resistor. A voltmeter of infinite resistance is connected
across one of the 10 Ω resistance.

Which range of values is displayed by the voltmeter when the 20Ω resistor is varied?
(A) 20 V – 10V (B) 30 V – 10V
(C) 30 V – 20V (D) 40 V – 20V
19. The diagram shows three resistances 4Ω, 10Ω and 6Ω connected in series. A potential difference
of 10V is maintained across them. Point Q is earthed.

Which of the following gives the potentials at points P, Q, R and S?

P Q R S
A 10 V 8V 3V 0
B 2V 0 5V 8V
C 10 V 6V -4 V -10 V
D 2V 0 -5 V -8 V
20. A potential divider is used to give outputs of 2 V and 3 V from a 5 V source, as shown.

Which combination of resistance, R1, R2, R3, gives the correct voltage?
R1/ kΩ R2/ kΩ R3/ kΩ
A 1 1 2
B 2 1 2
C 3 2 2
D 3 2 3
21. In the circuit shown, all the resistors have the same resistance. The resistance of the voltmeter is
infinite.

The potential difference between the input terminal is 12 V.

What are the readings on the voltmeter?
(A) Zero (B) 4 V
(C) 6 V (D) 8 V
22. A 12 V battery of negligible internal resistance is connected across two 2000Ω resistors in series.
A voltmeter of resistance 6000Ω is connected in parallel across one of the resistors.

What will be the reading on the voltmeter?

(A) 5.14 V (B) 6.00 V
(C) 6 V (D) 7.20 V
23. Three resistors are connected as shown in the diagram using connecting wires of negligible
resistance.
 What is the approximate resistance between points P and Q?
(A) 0.5Ω (B) 0.8Ω
(C) 2.0Ω (D) 2.2Ω
24. An electric heater can be represented as two resistors of resistances R 1 and R2 and two switches
S1 and S2. The resistance R2 is greater than that of R1.

Which switches must be closed so that the heater produces the maximum possible power and
the minimum non-zero power?
Max. possible power Min. non-zero power
A S1 and S2 S2
B S1 and S2 S1
C S1 S2
D S2 S1
25. A mains circuit contains six similar bulbs connected in series. One of the bulbs has a broken
filament. Voltmeter X and Y of infinite resistance are placed in the circuit as shown.

What are the voltmeter readings?

X readings Y readings
A 0V 0V
B 0V 240 V
C 40 V 40 V
D 240 0V
26. In the circuit shown, a potential difference of 3 V is applied across XY.
 What is the current through the 5Ω resistor?
15 3
(A) A (B) A
8 4
3 3
(C) A (D) A
5 8
27. The diagram shows a battery, a fixed resistor, an ammeter and a variable resistor connected in
series.
A voltmeter is connected across the fixed resistor.

The value of the variable resistor is reduced.

Which correctly describes the changes in the readings of the ammeter and of the voltmeter?
Ammeter Voltmeter
A Decreases Decreases
B Decreases Increases
C Increases Decreases
D Increases Increases
28. Three similar light bulbs are connected to a constant-voltage d.c. supply as shown in the
diagram. Each bulb operates at normal brightness and the ammeter (of negligible resistance)
register a steady current.

The filament of one of the bulbs breaks. What happens to the ammeter reading and to the
brightness of the remaining bulbs?
Ammeter reading Bulb brightness
A Increases Increases
B Increases Unchanged
C Unchanged Unchanged
D Decreases Unchanged
29. A constant 60 V d.c. supply is connected across two resistors of resistance 400 kΩ and 200 kΩ.
 What is the reading of the voltmeter, also of resistance 200 kΩ when connected across the
second resistor as shown in the diagram?
(A) 12 V (B) 15 V
(C) 20 V (D) 30 V
30. A battery of e.m.f E and negligible internal resistance is connected to two resistors of resistance
R1 and R2 as shown in the circuit diagram.

What is the potential difference across the resistor of resistance R2?

E ( R 1+ R2 ) E ( R 1+ R2 )
(A) (B)
R1 R2
ER1 ER2
(C) (D)
( R1 + R2 ) ( R1 + R2 )
31. The diagram shows two resistors connected in a circuit with a power supply and a voltmeter.

What range of voltages can be obtained between points X and Y?

(A) Zero to 1.0 V (B) Zero to 6.0 V
(C) 1.0 V to 5.0 V (D) 1.0 V to 6.0 V
32. The diagram shows three lamps in series with a 12 V supply.
 To test the circuit the contact is connected in turn to points X, Y and Z. lamps do not light
because lamp L has a broken filament.
Which line of the table below shows the readings of the voltmeter?
Reading at X Reading at Y Reading at Z
A 12 V 8V 4V
B 8V 8V 0V
C 12 V 12 V 0V
D 8V 12 V 4V
33. Two cells of e.m.f E1 and E2 and of negligible internal resistance are connected with two
variable resistors as shown in the diagram.

When the galvanometer deflection is zero, the values of the resistance are P and Q. what is the
E2
values of the ratio ?
E1
P P
(A) (B)
Q ( P+Q)
Q ( P+Q)
(C) (D)
( P+Q) P
34. The diagram shows a light-dependent resistor (LDR) and a thermistor forming a potential
divider.

Under which set of conditions will the potential difference across the thermistor have the
greatest value?
 Illumination Temperature
A Low Low
B High Low
C Low High
D High High
35. The diagram shows a circuit in which the battery has negligible internal resistance.

What is the value of the current I?

(A) 1.0 A (B) 1.6 A
(C) 2.0 A (D) 3.0 A
36. In the circuit, two 3 V cells are connected to resistors of resistance 3 kΩ and 6 kΩ.

What are the correct values for the currents I1 and I2, and the total potential difference V across
the pair of resistors?
I1/ mA I2/ mA V/ V
A 0.5 0.5 6
B 0.5 0.5 0
C 0.5 1.5 0
D 0.5 1.5 6
37. The I-V characteristics of two electrical components P and Q are shown below.
 Which statement is correct?
(A) P is a resistor and Q is a filament lamp.
(B) The resistance of Q increases as the current in it increases.
(C) At 1.9 A the resistance of Q is approximately half that of P.
(D) At 0.5 A the power dissipated in Q is doubled that in P.
38. A network is constructed using five resistors, each of resistance R, and three switches S 1, S2 and
S3.

Which switch combination will give rise to the maximum total resistance between points X and
Y?
S1 S2 S3
A Closed Closed Closed
B Closed Open Closed
C Open Closed Closed
D Open Closed Open
39. The diagram shows a network of resistors R1, R2 and R3 connected to a battery of negligible
internal resistance.

When the switch S is closed, the potential difference (p.d) across R2 (originally zero) rapidly
increases to a steady value.
What happens to the potential difference (p.d) across each of the other two resistors, and to the
power output of the battery?
P.d across R1 p.d across R3 Battery power
output
 A Decreases Decreases Decreases
B Decreases Stays the same Decreases
C Increases Decreases Increases
D Increases Stays the same Increases
40. The resistors P, Q and R in the circuit have equal resistance.

The battery, of negligible internal resistance, supplies a total power of 12 W.

What is the power dissipated by heating in resistor R?
(A) 2 W (B) 3 W
(C) 4 W (D) 6 W
41. A standard cell of e.m.f 1.02 V is used to find the potential difference across the wire XY as
shown in the diagram. It is found that there is no current in the galvanometer when the sliding
contact is at S, t1 from X and t2 from Y.

What is the potential difference across XY?

(A) 1.02
()
t2
t1
V (B) 1.02
()
t1
t2
V

(C) 1.02
( )
t 1 +t 2
t2
V (D) 1.02
( )
t 1 +t 2
t1
V

42. In the arrangement shown, R is a resistor that has an unknown resistance between zero and
infinity.

Between what limits must the resistance of the whole arrangement lie?
 Min. resistance/ Ω Max. resistance/ Ω
A 18 20
B 20 20
C 20 Infinity
D 23 56
43. In the circuit shown, resistors X and Y, each of resistance R, are connected to a 6 V battery of
negligible internal resistance. A voltmeter, also of resistance R, is connected across Y.

What is the reading of the voltmeter?

(A) Zero (B) Between zero and 3 V
(C) 3 V (D) Between 3 V and 6 V
44. The diagram below shows a simple potentiometer circuit for measuring a small e.m.f produced
by a thermocouple.

The meter wire PQ has a resistance of 5Ω and the driver cell has an e.m.f of 2.00 V. If a balance
point is obtained 0.600 m along PQ when measuring an e.m.f of 6.00 mV, what is the value of
the resistance R?
(A) 95Ω (B) 195Ω
(C) 495Ω (D) 995Ω
45. An array of resistors, each of resistance R, consists of N parallel branches. Each branch
contains N resistors connected in series.
 What is the total resistance of the array?
1 R
(A) (B)
RN N
(C) R (D) NR
46. A 10Ω resistor and a thermistor are connected in series to a battery of e.m.f 3.0 V and negligible
internal resistance.

The graph shows the current-voltage characteristics of the resistor and of the thermistor.

What is the current in the circuit?

(A) 0.10 A (B) 0.20 A
(C) 0.30 A (D) 0.40 A
47. A battery of electromotive force (e.m.f) 6.0 V and internal resistance 1.0 Ω is connected in series
to a 9.0 Ω resistor and a parallel combination of resistor of resistance 6.0 Ω and R. the battery
delivers a current of 0.50 A to the circuit.

What are the values of the unknown current I and resistance R as shown in the diagram?
 I/ A R/ Ω
A 0.17 9.0
B 0.25 4.0
C 0.25 6.0
D 0.33 3.0
48. A cell of internal resistance r is connected to a load of resistance R.

Energy is dissipated in the load, but some thermal energy is also wasted in the cell. The
efficiency of such an arrangement is found from the expression
energy dissipated ∈theload
.
energy disspiated∈the complete circuit
Which of the following gives the efficiency in this case?
r R
(A) (B)
R r
r R
(C) (D)
R +r R +r
49. The diagram shows a resistor network connected to a 12V battery of negligible internal
resistance. The variable resistor has the range indicated, and the voltmeter has infinite
resistance.

What are the maximum and minimum possible values of the voltmeter reading as the variable
resistor is altered?
Maximum/ V Minimum/ V
A 4 0
B 8 4
C 8 6
D 12 8
50. Three resistors of resistance 1 Ω, 2 Ω and 3 Ω respectively are used to make the combinations X,
Y and Z shown in the diagrams.
 Which of the following gives the combinations in order of increasing resistance?
(A) XYZ (B) XZY
(C) YXZ (D) ZXY
51. The diagram shows three resistors of resistance 4 Ω, 10 Ω and 6 Ω connected in series. A
potential difference of 10 V is maintained across them, with point Q being earthed.

Which graph represents the change in potential along the resistor network?

52. A battery of e.m.f 6.0 V and negligible internal resistance is connected to three resistors, each of
resistance R, and a variable resistor T, as shown.

The resistance of T changes from R to 5R.

What is the change in the reading of the reading of the high resistance voltmeter?
(A) Zero (B) 2 V
(C) 4 V (D) 5 V
53. The graph shows the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of two resistors R and X.
 The resistors R and X are connected in series with a cell of negligible internal resistance. The
current in the circuit is 0.3 A.
The resistor R and X are then connected in parallel with the same cell.
What is the e.m.f of the cell and the current in the cell when the resistors are connected in
parallel?
E.m.f/ V Current/ A
A 1.0 0.3
B 1.5 0.7
C 2.5 0.5
D 2.5 1.0
54. The graph shows how the resistance R of a thermistor varies during part a day.

The thermistor is connected in the potential divider circuit shown.

In order to obtain an output of 6.0 V at 0730, to which value should the variable resistor be set?
(A) 1.5 kΩ (B) 3.0 kΩ
(C) 4.5 kΩ (D) 6.0 kΩ