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Biochemistry of Cancer
Biochemistry of Cancer
Introduction
-
:
Can crum
°
= n
cancer
Greek =
Kar Kino ma = Kar Kita Kam ( crab)
.
All cancers are
multifactorial in
origin
.
, , ,
,
environmental
factors
.
•
All cancers
originate from one aberrant cell ,
which
goes
on to
multiply and
produce tumor mass .
Mutagens :
Any
substance which increases the rate
of
mutation can
All
carcinogens Mutagens
•
are .
Examples -
X -
, .
, ,
aflatoxin
etc )
Antonieta gens
cis Vit A & carotenoids shown to
precancerous conditions
are reverse .
( iiis tit c
prevents cancers in
working
persons
with aniline .
animal studies .
µ, flavin oils are
phytochemicals that
posses
anti
mutagenic properties .
(vill Phenolic
compounds are
effective in
fighting mutagens .
( found in
grapes
,
walnuts )
Oncogene Viruses
°
Another etiological factor of carcinogenesis in the
integration
of viral
genes
into host DNA .
Oncogenes
Normal Constituents cells
Oncogenes of
°
are .
genes capable of
These
causing
°
are cancer .
and denoted
°
To
distinguish viral
gene
cellular
gene ,
they are V -
src &
C
respectively
src
-
oncogenes present
•
The in normal cells are also called as
proto oncogenes
-
.
oncogenes
are
known .
Growth Factors
Many oncogenes through act
°
the
production of growth factor .
•
These may be considered as
local hormones .
Interleukin and
interferons growth factors released
by
°
are
lymphocytes / macrophages .
in
Doubling Time : gt can
vary widely between lo
days to 450
days
with a mean
of about too
days in Tumors cells .
(2) Contact Inhibition lost
This
property is in cancer cells
-
.
131
Anchorage Dependence Malignant character is the loss of
-
acetyl of cancer
membrane
cell
.
called Metastasis .
Tumor
Maar Kers
called
They are also tumor indene substances
•
as
.
which could be
•
They are
factors released
from the tumor cells ,
They are
useful for the
following purposes
:
and
For
follow -
do , To facilitate detection
of cancer .
For
(c)
prognosis
.
(d) Precautions -
Tumor
markers are sometimes elevated in
conditions
nonmalignant .
• lather a
marker in med
for cancer
screening or
diagnosis ,
,
Anti -
cancer
Drugs :
-