1.

How does task-based learning align with the listening section requirements of the
TOEFL exam?
Task-based learning aligns well with the listening section requirements of the TOEFL exam by
focusing on real-life, authentic listening tasks that mirror the skills needed for success in the
exam. The listening section of TOEFL assesses a student's ability to understand academic
lectures, conversations, and discussions. Task-based learning provides opportunities for students
to engage in similar types of listening activities, such as listening to lectures, participating in
conversations or group discussions, and extracting meaning from academic content. By
incorporating task-based learning, students can develop the specific listening skills required to
comprehend and respond effectively to the listening tasks in the TOEFL exam.

2. What research evidence supports the effectiveness of task-based learning in improving

students' listening proficiency for TOEFL?
Research evidence supports the effectiveness of task-based learning in improving students'
listening proficiency for TOEFL. Several studies have demonstrated that task-based learning
enhances students' listening skills by providing meaningful and authentic language use
opportunities. Task-based learning engages students in active listening, promotes interaction, and
encourages the use of strategies like predicting, summarizing, and inferencing. These tasks
simulate real-life situations, allowing students to practice listening skills in contexts relevant to
the TOEFL exam. Research studies have shown that task-based learning can lead to improved
listening comprehension, vocabulary acquisition, and overall performance in listening tasks on
the TOEFL exam.

3. How does task-based learning promote active engagement and interaction during
listening practice for TOEFL?
Task-based learning promotes active engagement and interaction during listening practice for
TOEFL in several ways. Firstly, task-based activities often involve collaborative work, where
students interact with their peers while completing a task. This interaction stimulates discussion,
negotiation of meaning, and the sharing of ideas and opinions related to the listening material.
Secondly, task-based learning encourages students to actively listen and respond to the content of
the listening tasks. They may be required to answer questions, solve problems, or complete a task
based on the information they hear. This active engagement helps students develop their listening
skills by focusing on comprehension, interpretation, and application of the information they have
listened to. Additionally, task-based learning often incorporates follow-up activities that
encourage students to reflect on their listening experience, discuss their strategies, and provide
feedback to their peers. These opportunities for interaction and reflection foster a learner-
centered and communicative environment, enhancing students' engagement and proficiency in
listening for the TOEFL exam.