14-Nov-20

Alarm

Nguyễn Đức Hoàng

5/2020

Nội dung
• Khái niệm Alarm
• Alarm vs Event
• Sơ đồ trạng thái Alarm
• Các loại Alarm
• Alarm priority
• Demo
• Quiz (GroupMe)

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 14-Nov-20

Khái niệm Alarm

ISA-18.2 defines an alarm as “an audible and/or visible means of

indicating to the operator an equipment malfunction, process deviation, or
abnormal condition requiring a response.”

Alarm vs Event
• Alarm yêu cầu hành động
• Event chỉ thông tin cho biết, không cần hành động

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Alarm vs Event
• Motor tripped
• Ambient air temperature high
• Inverter fault
• Battery low
• Motor started
• Inverter stopped
• Leak detected

Sơ đồ trạng thái Alarm

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Các loại Alarm

• Analog • Hardware
• High High • Pre-configured in Vijeo
• High Citect system
• Deviation
• Low • Advanced
• Low Low
• Action on Cicode
• Rate of Change program

• Digital • Time Stamped

• One or Two Tags (ANDed) • Like Digital but with a
time stamp derived from
the PLC

HI, LO, HI HI, LO LO

Нigh High

High

OK

Low

Low Low

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HI, LO, HI HI, LO LO

High High activated
Value

HiHi
Deadband

Hi
Deadband

High activated

High activated

time

Deviation
Value

Event Deviation
activated

Deadband
Allowable
deviation

Setpoint
Deadband

Event Deviation
activated
Time
b)

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Alarm priority

Alarm priority
An example from the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) report on a
1994 major refinery accident:
• There were too many alarms and they were poorly prioritized.
• The control room displays did not help the operators to
understand what was happening.
• In the last 11 minutes before the explosion the two operators had
to recognize, acknowledge, and act on 275 alarms.

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Alarm priority
• Giúp người vận hành biết cần xử lý alarm nào trước.
• Alarm priority được xác định dựa vào mức độ nghiêm trọng của hậu
quả và thời gian đáp ứng.

Alarm priority

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Alarm priority

https://www.synergyengineering.com/web/uploads/editor/b5
6a33aec2dad2787c05e3923ead92e381300b40.png

Demo

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Quiz

Quiz

Số lần khởi động motor vượt 1 giá trị ngưỡng đặt trước có được xem là 1 alarm ?

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Discuss

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