Topic 3

Dimensions
2019 2014
1 If mass [M], distance [L] and time [T] are fundamental 8 If force (F), velocity (v) and time (T) are taken as
quantities, then find the dimensions of torque. [JIPMER] fundamental units, then the dimensions of mass is
(a) [ML2 T −2 ] (b) [MLT −2 ] (c) [MLT] (d) [ML2 T] (a) [FvT −1 ] (b) [FvT –2 ] [CBSE AIPMT]
–1 −1 –1
2 What is dimensions of energy in terms of linear (c) [Fv T ] (d) [Fv T]
momentum [p], area [A] and time [T]? [JIPMER] 9 The dimensional formula for Reynold’s number is
(a) [p1 A1 T1 ] (b) [ p 2 A 2 T −1 ] (a) [M 0 L0 T 0 ] (b) [MLT] [MHT CET]
1 1 / 2 −1
(c) [ p A T ] (d) [ p1/ 2 A1/ 2 T −1 ] (c) [ML–1 T] (d) [MLT –1 ]
2018 x
10 The relation between force F and density d is F = .
3 Dimensions of force is [JIPMER] d
The dimensions of x is
(a) [M 2 L1 T −1 ] (b) [ M1 L1 T −2 ]
[MHT CET]
3/ 2 –1/ 2 –2 1/ 2 –1/ 2 –2
(a) [M L T ] (b) [M L T ]
(c) [ M 2 L−1 T −2 ] (d) [ M1 L1 T −1 ]
(c) [M 3/ 2 L–1 T –2 ] (d) [M1/ 2 L–1 T –2 ]
4 If the formula, X = 3YZ 2 , X and Z have dimensions of
11 If n denotes a positive integer, h the Planck’s constant, q
capacitance and magnetic induction. The dimensions of Y the charge and B the magnetic field, then the quantity
in MKSQ system are [AIIMS]
 nh 
(a) [M −3 L−2 T 4 Q4 ] (b) [ML2 T 8 Q4 ]   has the dimensions of
(c) [M −2 L−3 T 2 Q4 ] (d) [M −2 L−2 TQ2 ]  2πqB  [WB JEE]
(a) area (b) length
2017 (c) speed (d) acceleration
5 A physical quantity of the dimensions of length that can 12 In which of the following pairs, the two physical
e2 quantities have different dimensions? [WB JEE]
be formed out of c, G and is [c is velocity of light, (a) Planck’s constant and angular momentum
4πε 0
(b) Impulse and linear momentum
G is universal constant of gravitation and e is charge] (c) Moment of inertia and moment of a force
1/ 2 1/ 2
1  e2  2  e2  (d) Energy and torque
(a) 2 G  (b) c G 
c  4πε 0   4πε 0  [NEET] 13 What is the dimensional formula of gravitational
1/ 2 constant G? [UK PMT]
1  e2  1 e2
(c) 2   (d) G (a) [M –1 L3 T −2 ] (b) [M 2 L−3 T −2 ]
c G 4πε 0  c 4πε 0
(c) [M –1 L2 T −2 ] (d) [M –1 L3 T –1 ]
2016 14 The dimensional formula of magnetic flux is [Guj CET]
6 Planck’s constant ( h ), speed of light in vacuum ( c ) and (a) [ML2 T −2 A −1 ] (b) [ML2 T −3 A −1 ]
Newton’s gravitational constant (G ) are three (c) [M –1 L–2 T 2 A] (d) [ML3 T −2 A −1 ]
fundamental constants. Which of the following
15 The dimensional formula for electric field is [Guj CET]
combinations of these has the dimensions of length? [NEET] 2 −3 −1 2 −3 −2
(a) [ML T A ] (b) [ML T A ]
hG hG hc Gc
(a) 3/ 2 (b) 5/ 2 (c) (d) (c) [MLT −3 A −1 ] (d) [M 0 L0 T 0 A 0 ]
c c G h 3/ 2
2013
2015 1
16 The dimensions of ε 0 E 2 (ε 0 is permittivity of free
7 If energy ( E ) , velocity ( v ) and time (T ) are chosen as the 2
fundamental quantities, the dimensional formula of space, E is electric field) are [AIIMS]
surface tension will be [AIPMT] (a) [MLT −1 ] (b) [ML2 T −3 ]
(a) [ E v −2 T −1 ] (b) [E v −1 T −2 ] (c) [ML−1 T −2 ] (d) [ML2 T −1 ]
(c) [E v −2 T −2 ] (d) [E −2 v −1 T −3 ]
UNITS AND MEASUREMENTS 13

17 The displacement of an oscillating particle is given by 28 The dimensions of electromotive force in terms of current
y = A sin ( Bx + Ct + D ). The dimensional formula for [A] are [BVP]
(ABCD) is [UP CPMT] (a) [ML−2 A −2 ] (b) [ML2 T −2 A −2 ]
0 −1 0 0 0 −1
(a) [M L T ] (b) [M L T ] (c) [ML2 T −2 A −2 ] (d) [ML2 T −3 A −1 ]
(c) [M 0 L–1 T −1 ] (d) [M 0 L0 T 0 ]
29 Dimensions of capacitance are [Manipal]
18 If C and R stands for capacitance and resistance, then the −1 −2 4 2 −3 −1
dimensions of CR is [Manipal] (a) [M L T A ] (b) [MLT A ]
(a) [M 0 L0 T] (c) [ML2 T −3 A −1 ] (d) [M −1 L−2 T 3 A −1 ]
(b) [ML0 T] 30 From the dimensional consideration, which of the
(c) [M 0 L0 T 2 ] following equations is correct? [Haryana PMT]
(d) not expressible in terms of M, L and T
R3 GM
2012 (a) T = 2π (b) T = 2π
GM R3
19 The dimensions of angular momentum are [WB JEE]
GM R2
0 –1 2 –1 –1
(a) [M LT ] (b) [ML T ] (c) [MLT ] (d) [M LT –2 ]
2 (c) T = 2π 2
(d) T = 2π
R GM
2011
31 If E , M , L and G denote energy, mass, angular momentum
20 The dimensions of (µ 0 ε 0 ) −1/ 2 are [CBSE AIPMT] and gravitational constant respectively, then the quantity
−1
(a) [L T] (b) [LT −1 ] ( E 2 L2/ M 5G 2 ) has the dimensions of [AMU]
(c) [L−1/ 2 T1/ 2 ] (d) [L1/ 2 T −1/ 2 ] (a) angle (b) length
(c) mass (d) None of these
21 Surface tension has the same dimensions as that of
(a) coefficient of viscosity (b) impulse [Kerala CEE] 32. A uniform wire of length L, diameter D and density ρ is
(c) momentum (d) spring constant stretched under a tension T. The correct relation
(e) frequency between its fundamental frequency f, the length L and
the diameter D is [KCET]
22 What is the dimensions of surface tension? [WB JEE] 1 1
(a) [MLT 0 ] (b) [MLT −1 ] (c) [ML0 T −2 ] (d) [ML0 T −1 ] (a) f ∝ (b) f ∝
LD L D
23 The dimensions of impulse are [J&K CET] 1 1
(c) f ∝ 2 (d) f ∝
(a) [MLT −1 ] (b) [ML2 T −1 ] D LD 2
−1 −1
(c) [ML T ] (d) [MT −1 ] 33 The dimensions of resistance are same as those of …, where,
24 If C be the capacitance andV be the electric potential, his the Planck’s constant and eis the charge. [KCET]
then the dimensional formula of CV 2 is [KCET] h2 h2
2 −2 0 −2 −1 (a) 2 (b)
(a) [ML T A ] (b) [MLT A ] e e
(c) [M 0 LT −2 A 0 ] (d) [ML−3 TA] h h
(c) 2 (d)
− αZ e e
α kθ
25 The relation p = e , where p is pressure, Z is 34 The dimensional formula of resistivity(s) [Guj CET]
β (a) [M 0 L1 T −1 A −1 ] (b) [M 0 L0 T −1 A −1 ]
distance, k is Boltzmann constant and θ is temperature.
The dimensional formula of β will be [AFMC] (c) [M1 L1 T −1 A −3 ] (d) [M1 L3 T −3 A −2 ]
(a) [M 0 L2 T 0 ] (b) [ML2 T] 35 The equation of state of some gases can be expressed as
(c) [ML0 T −1 ] (d) [M 0 L2 T −1 ]  a
 p + 2  (V − b ) = RT , where p is absolute the pressure,
 V 
RT −αV / RT
26 If p = e , then dimensional formula of α is V is the volume, T is absolute temperature and a and b are
V −b [UP CPMT]
constants. The dimensional formula of a is [JCECE]
(a) p (b) R (c) T (d) V
(a) [ML5 T −2 ] (b) [M −1 L5 T −2 ]
27 Velocity v is given by v = at 2 + bt + c, where t is time. (c) [ML−1 T −2 ] (d) [ML−5 T −2 ]
What are the dimensions of a, b and c respectively?
(a) [LT −3 ], [LT −2 ] and [LT −1 ] [UP CPMT] 36 If force F, length L and time T be considered fundamental
(b) [LT −1 ], [LT −2 ] and [LT −3 ] units, then units of mass will be [VMMC]
(a) [FLT −2 ] (b) [FL−2 T −1 ]
(c) [LT −2 ], [LT −3 ] and [LT −1 ]
(c) [FL−1 T 2 ] (d) [F 2 LT −2 ]
(d) [ LT −1 ], [LT −3 ] and [LT −2 ]
14 CHAPTERWISE & TOPICWISE ~ MEDICAL SOLVED PAPERS

2009 44 The physical quantities not having same dimensions are

(a) torque and work [RPMT]
37 An object is moving through the liquid. The viscous
(b) momentum and Planck’s constant
damping force acting on it is proportional to the
(c) stress and Young’s modulus
velocity. Then, dimensional formula of constant of
(d) speed and (µ 0 ε 0 ) −1/ 2
proportionality is [UP CPMT, Punjab PMET]
(a) [ML−1 T −1 ] (b) [MLT −1 ] 45 Given that T stands for time period and l stands for the
(c) [M 0 LT −1 ] (d) [ML0 T −1 ] length of simple pendulum. If g is the acceleration due to
gravity, then which of the following statements about the
2008 relation T 2 = l / g is correct? [MP PMT]
38 Which two of the following five physical parameters have (a) It is correct both dimensionally as well as numerically.
the same dimensions? [CBSE AIPMT] (b) It is neither dimensionally correct nor numerically.
I. Energy density II. Refractive index (c) It is dimensionally correct but not numerically.
III. Dielectric constant IV. Young’s modulus (d) It is numerically correct but not dimensionally.
V. Magnetic field 46 If force F , work W and velocity v are taken as
(a) I and IV (b) III and V fundamental quantities, then the dimensional formula of
(c) I and II (d) I and V time T is [Punjab PMET]
39 The speed of light c, gravitational constant G and Planck’s (a) [WFv] (b) [WFv −1 ]
constant h are taken as fundamental units in a system. The (c) [W −1 F −1 v] (d) [WF −1 v −1 ]
dimensions of time in this new system should be [AIIMS]
47 If power P, surface tension T and Planck’s constant h are
(a) [G1/ 2 h 1/ 2c −5/ 2 ] (b) [G−1/ 2 h 1/ 2c1/ 2 ] arranged, so that the dimensions of time in their
1/ 2 1/ 2 −3/ 2
(c) [G h c ] (d) [G1/ 2 h 1/ 2c1/ 2 ] dimensional formulae are in ascending order, then which
of the following is correct? [EAMCET]
40 The physical quantity having the dimensions (a) P , T , h (b) P , h, T
[M −1 L−3 T 3 A 2 ] is [AFMC] (c) T , P , h (d) T , h, P
(a) resistance 48 Consider the following equation of Bernoulli’s theorem
(b) resistivity 1
(c) electrical conductivity p + ρv 2 + ρgh = k (constant).
(d) electromotive force 2
The dimensions of k/p are same as that of which of the
41 If p represents radiation pressure, c represents speed of
following? [DUMET]
light and Q represents radiation energy striking a unit area (a) Thrust (b) Pressure
per second, then non-zero integers x, y and z such that (c) Angle (d) Viscosity
p x Q y c z is dimensionless, are [BHU]
(a) x = 1, y = 1, z = − 1 (b) x = 1, y = − 1, z = 1 49 If E = energy, G = gravitational constant, I = impulse and
(c) x = − 1, y = 1, z = 1 (d) x = 1, y = 1, z = 1 GIM 2
M = mass, then dimensions of are same as that of
42 Dimensions of resistance in an electrical circuit, in terms E2 [BCECE]
of dimension of mass M, length L, time T and current A, (a) time (b) mass
would be [UP CPMT] (c) length (d) force
(a) [ML2 T −3 A −1 ] (b) [ML2 T −2 ] 2007
(c) [ML2 T −1 A −1 ] (d) [ML2 T −3 A −2 ] 50 The speed v of ripples on the surface of water depends on
−1
43 The velocity v (in cms ) of a particle is given in terms surface tension σ, density ρ and wavelength λ . The square
of time t (in second) by the equation of speed v is proportional to [AIIMS]
σ ρ λ
b (a) (b) (c) (d) ρλσ
v = at + ρλ σλ σρ
t+c
The dimensions of a, b and c are [Manipal]
51 The ratio of the dimensions of Planck’s constant and that
of the moment of inertia is the dimension of [AFMC]
a b c (a) frequency (b) velocity
(a) [L2 ] [T] [LT 2 ] (c) angular momentum (d) time
(b) [LT 2 ] [LT] [L] 52 Which of the following units denotes the dimensions
(c) [LT – 2 ] [L] [T] [ ML2 / Q2 ] , where Q denotes the electric charge?
(d) [L] [LT] [T 2 ] (a) Wbm −2 (b) Henry (H) [BHU]
(c) Hm −2 (d) Weber (Wb)
UNITS AND MEASUREMENTS 15

53 Using mass M , length L, time T and current A as 61 Some physical constants are given in Column I and their
fundamental quantities, the dimensions of permeability dimensional formulae are given in Column II. Match the
are [UP CPMT] correct pairs in the columns. [EAMCET]
(a) [M −1 LT −2 A] (b) [ML−2 T −2 A −1 ] Column I Column II
(c) [MLT −2 A −2 ] (d) [MLT −1 A −1 ] A. Planck’s constant −1 −2
P. [ML T ]
54 The only mechanical quantity which has negative B. Gravitational constant Q. [ML−1T −1 ]
dimension of mass is [J&K CET] C. Bulk modulus R. [ML2T −1 ]
(a) angular momentum D. Coefficient of viscosity S. [M −1L3T −2 ]
(b) torque
(c) coefficient of thermal conductivity A B C D
(d) gravitational constant (a) S R Q P
(b) Q P R S
e2 (c) R Q P S
55 The dimension of , where e, ε 0 , h and c are
4πε 0 hc (d) R S P Q
electric charge, electric permittivity, Planck’s constant 62 What is dimensional formula of thermal conductivity?
and velocity of light in vacuum respectively [Punjab PMET] (a) [MLT −1 Q−1 ] (b) [MLT −3 Q−1 ] [DUMET]
(a) [M 0 L0 T 0 ] (b) [ML0 T 0 ] (c) [M 2 LT −3 Q−2 ] (d) [ML2 T −2 Q]
0 0
(c) [M LT ] (d) [M 0 L0 T]
2005
56 The position of the particle moving along Y-axis is given
as y = At 2 − Bt 3 , where y is measured in metre and t in 63 Assertion Specific gravity of a fluid is a dimensionless
quantity. [AIIMS]
second. Then, the dimensions of B are [AMU]
Reason It is the ratio of density of fluid to the density of
(a) [LT −2 ] (b) [LT −1 ]
water.
(c) [LT −3 ] (d) [MLT −2 ] (a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is
57 Write dimensional formula for the intensity of radiation. the correct explanation of Assertion.
(a) [ML0 T 3 ] (b) [ML0 T −3 ] [Guj CET] (b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is
2 −2
(c) [ML T ] (d) [ML2 T −3 ] not the correct explanation of Assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
58 A gas bubble formed from an explosion under water (d) Both Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
oscillates with a period T proportional to p a d b E c , where 64 In a system of units, if force F, acceleration A and time T
p is pressure, d is the density of water and E is the total are taken as fundamental units, then the dimensional
energy of explosion. The values of a, b and c are [BCECE] formula of energy is [BHU]
(a) a = 1, b = 1, c = 2 (a) [FA 2 T] (b) [FAT 2 ] (c) [F 2 AT] (d) [FAT]
(b) a = 1, b = 2, c = 1 65 If a, b, c and d are mass, length, time and current
5 1 1
(c) a = , b = , c = respectively, then b 2 a / c 3 d has the dimension of
6 2 3 [Haryana PMT]
5 1 1 (a) capacitance (b) electric field
(d) a = − , b = , c =
6 2 3 (c) permittivity (d) electric potential
2006 66 The dimensions of self-inductance L are [J&K CET]
59 If σ = surface charge density, ε = electric permittivity, (a) [ML2 T −2 A −2 ] (b) [ML2 T −1 A −2 ]
then the dimensions of σ/ε is same as [Punjab PMET] (c) [ML2 T −1 A −1 ] (d) [ML−2 T −2 A −2 ]
(a) electric force 67 Suppose refractive index µ is given as µ = A + B /λ 2 ,
(b) electric field intensity where A and B are constants and λ is wavelength, then
(c) pressure the dimension of B is same as that of [AMU]
(d) electric charge (a) wavelength (b) pressure
60 The magnetic force on a point charge is F = q ( v × B ). (c) area (d) volume
Here, q = electric charge, v = velocity of point charge 68 A force F is given by F = at + bt 2 , where t is time. What
B = magnetic field. The dimensions of B are [AMU] are the dimensions of a and b? [DUMET]
(a) [MLT −1 A] (b) [M 2 LT −2 A −1 ] (a) [MLT −1 ] and [MLT 0 ] (b) [MLT −3 ] and [ML2 T −4 ]
(c) [MT −2 A −1 ] (d) None of these (c) [MLT −4 ] and [MLT] (d) [MLT −3 ] and [MLT −4 ]
Topic 1
Distance, Displacement and Velocity
2019 2014
1 A person travelling in a straight line moves with a 6 A car covers the first half of the distance between the two
constant velocity v1 for certain distance x and with a places at 40 kmh −1 and another half at 60 kmh −1 . The
constant velocity v 2 for next equal distance. The average average speed of the car is [UK PMT]
velocity v is given by the relation [NEET] (a) 40 km/h (b) 48 km/h
1 1 1 2 1 1 (c) 50 km/h (d) 60 km/h
(a) = + (b) = +
v v1 v 2 v v1 v 2 7 A ball is thrown vertically upwards after reaching a
v v + v2 maximum height h returns to the starting point after a
(c) = 1 (d) v = v1 v 2
2 2 time of 10 s. Its displacement is [Kerala CEE]

2 Find the average velocity when a particle complete the (a) h (b) 2h
circle of radius 1m in 10 s. [JIPMER] (c) 10h (d) 20h
(a) 2 ms −1
(b) 3.14 ms −1 (e) zero
(c) 6.28 ms −1 (d) Zero 2013
2018 8 Which of the following can be zero, when a particle is in
motion for sometime? [WB JEE]
3 A runner starts from O and goes to O following path
OQRO in 1 h. What is net displacement and average (a) Distance (b) Displacement
speed? [JIPMER] (c) Speed (d) None of these
R 2011
9 A body is moving with velocity 30 ms −1 towards east.
O Q After 10 s, its velocity becomes 40 ms −1 towards north.
1km The average acceleration of the body is [CBSE AIPMT]
(a) 7 ms −2 (b) 7 ms −2
(a) 0, 3.57 kmh −1 (b) 0, 0 kmh −1 (c) 5 ms −2 (d) 1 ms −2
(c) 0, 2.57 kmh −1 (d) 0, 1 kmh −1 10 The displacement of a car is given as − 240 m, here,
negative sign indicates [CBSE AIPMT]
2017
(a) direction of displacement
4 Preeti reached the metro station and found that the escalator (b) negative path length
was not working. She walked up the stationary escalator in (c) position of car is at point whose coordinate is − 120
time t 1 . On other days, if she remains stationary on the
(d) no significance of negative sign
moving escalator, then the escalator takes her up in time
t 2 . The time taken by her to walk up on the moving 2010
escalator will be [NEET]
11 The sign ( + ve or − ve) of the average velocity depends
t1 + t 2 t1 t 2 t1 t 2
(a) (b) (c) (d) t 1 − t 2 only upon [BHU]
2 t 2 − t1 t 2 + t1
(a) the sign of displacement
5 Which of the following statements is true for a car (b) the initial position of the object
moving on the road? [Manipal] (c) the final position of the object
(a) With respect to the frame of reference attached to the (d) None of the above
ground, the car is at rest. 12 A wheel completes 2000 revolutions to cover the 9.5 km
(b) With respect to the frame of reference attached to the distance, then the diameter of the wheel is [JCECE]
person sitting in the car, the car is at rest.
(a) 1.5 km (b) 1.5 m
(c) With respect to the frame of reference attached to the
(c) 7.5 cm (d) 7.5 m
person outside the car, the car is at rest.
(d) None of the above
26 CHAPTERWISE & TOPICWISE ~ MEDICAL SOLVED PAPERS

13 Select the incorrect statements and mark the correct 2008

option given below. [JCECE] 15 A particle moving in a straight line covers half the distance
I. Average velocity is path length divided by the time with speed of 3 ms −1 . The other half of the distance is
interval. covered in two equal time intervals with speed of 4.5 ms −1
II. In general, speed is greater than the magnitude of and 7.5 ms −1 , respectively. The average speed of the particle
the velocity. during this motion is [Kerala CEE]
III. A particle moving in a given direction with a (a) 4 ms −1 (b) 5 ms −1 (c) 5.5 ms −1 (d) 4.8 ms −1
non-zero velocity can have zero speed.
(e) 6 ms −1
IV. The magnitude of an average velocity is the
average speed. 2007
(a) II and III (b) I and IV 16 A car moves from X to Y with a uniform speed vu and
(c) I, III and IV (d) All of these returns to Y with a uniform speed v d . The average speed for
2009 this round trip is [CBSE AIPMT]

14 A cyclist moving on a circular track of radius 40 m 2v d v u

(a) (b) v u v d
completes half a revolution in 40 s. Its average vd + vu
velocity is [JCECE] v v v + vd
(a) zero (b) 2 ms −1 (c) 4π ms −1 (d) 8π ms −1 (c) d u (d) u
vd + vu 2

Answers
1 (b) 2 (d) 3 (a) 4 (c) 5 (b) 6 (b) 7 (e) 8 (b) 9 (c) 10 (a)
11 (a) 12 (b) 13 (d) 14 (b) 15 (a) 16 (a)

Explanations
1 (b) For distance x, the person moves 3 (a)Q Runner starts from O and goes to 6 (b) As from the question,
with constant velocity v1 and for O, so net displacement is zero. d
another x distance, he moves with Q Average speed A B
C
constant velocity of v2, then Total distance OQ + QR + RO d/2 d/2
Total distance travelled, = =
Total time Total time t1 t2
D = x + x = 2x 1 km + (2πr) (1/ 4 ) + 1 km v=40 kmh–1 v=80 kmh–1
Total time taken, =
1h Average speed of the car vav is given by
x x  Distance  π
T = t1 + t2 = + Qt = = 2 + = 3.57 kmh −1 Total distance travelled by the car (d )
v1 v2  Velocity  2 Total time taken (t1 + t2 )
h ...(i)
Average velocity, 4 (c) Speed of walking = = v1
t1 So, now time taken in 1st half of the
total distance D h
vav = = Speed of escalator = = v2 distance,
total time T t2 Distance d
2x 2 t1 = Time = =
v= = [Qvav = v] Time taken when she walks over Velocity 2 × 40
x x 1 1 d
+ + moving escalator (∴ distance = and velocity = 40 kmh −1)
v1 v2 v1 v2 h 2
t= d
2 1 1 v1 + v2 ⇒ t1 =
⇒ = + 1 v1 v2 1 1 80
v v1 v2 ⇒ = + = + and time taken for 2nd half, t2
t h h t1 t2
2 (d) When a particle completes one d d
tt = (Q distance = and
revolution in circular motion, then ⇒ t= 12 2 × velocity 2
t1 + t2
average displacement travelled by velocity = 60 kmh −1)
particle is zero. 5 (b) For a car in motion, if we describe d d
So, t2 = =
Hence, average velocity this event w.r.t. a frame of reference 2 × 60 120
average displacement attached to the person sitting inside the Now, average velocity,
= car, the car will appear to be at rest as
∆t d
0 the person inside the car (observer) is vav = [from Eq. (i)]
= =0 also moving with same velocity and in d d
∆t +
the same direction as car. 80 120
MOTION IN A STRAIGHT LINE 27

d × 80 × 120 12 (b) Distance covered in n revolutions is 15 (a) If t1 and 2t2 are the time taken by
= = 48 kmh −1
200d n⋅ π D = l particle to cover first and second half
7 (e) The position of an object is s2 ⇒ 2000 π D = 9500 distance, respectively
always expressed w.r.t. some Given, n = 2000, x/2 x
t1 = =
reference point. If the initial 3 6
and distance, l = 9500 m
position of an object w.r.t. a and x1 = 4. 5t2 and x2 = 7. 5t2
reference point is s1 and after h 9500
So, D= = 1.5 m x
sometime, it changes to s2, then 2000 × π As, x1 + x2 =
the magnitude of the 2
Displacement
13 (d) I. Average velocity = x x
displacement of the object is Time taken So, 4. 5t2 + 7. 5t2 = ⇒ t2 =
s1
s2 − s1. But here, object moves ∆r 2 24
vav =
back to s1. So, its displacement ∆t Total time, t = t1 + 2t2 = +
x x
=
x
is zero. (Q s1 = s2 = h) II. For a given time interval, Distance 6 12 4
≥ | Displacement | Total distance x / 2 + x / 2
8 (b) Displacement of a particle may be ∴ uav = =
i.e. average speed may be greater total time x/4
zero, because final position of the
than or equal to average velocity So, average speed = 4 ms−1.
particle may coincide with its initial
∴ Average speed
position. Distance travelled
≥ | Average velocity | 16 (a) Average speed =
9 (c) Average acceleration Time taken
III. A particle moving in a given
Change in velocity direction with a non-zero velocity Let t1 and t2 be times taken by the car to
= go from X to Y and then from Y to X,
Total time cannot have zero speed.
respectively.
| v f − vi | 302 + 402 IV. In general, average speed is not
XY XY
a= = equal to the magnitude of average Then, t1 + t2 = +
∆t 10 velocity. vu vd
900 + 1600
= = 5 ms−2 14 (b) As given, R = 40 v +v 
10 = XY  u d 
m and t = 40 s  vu vd 
10 (a) The displacement of a car is given as Here, net
–240 m, here negative sign indicates the Total distance travelled
displacement is equal
direction of displacement. to the diameter of R = XY + XY = 2 XY
circular track, Therefore, average speed of the car for
11 (a) Since, average velocity, this round trip is
i.e. Displacement
∆ x Displacement
v= = = 2R vav =
2 XY
∆ t Time-interval  vu + vd 
Average velocity
Thus, average velocity depends on the XY  
Displacement 2R 2 × 40  vu vd 
displacement and hence it depends on = = = = 2 ms−1
Time taken t 40 2vu vd
the sign of the displacement. or vav =
vu + vd

Topic 2
Uniform and Non-uniform Motion
2019 field E. Due to the force qE, its velocity increases from 0
1 Speeds of a particle at 3rd and 8th second are 20 ms −1 to 6 ms −1 in one second duration. At that instant, the
and zero respectively, then average acceleration between direction of the field is reversed. The car continues to
3rd and 8th second will be [JIPMER] move for two more seconds under the influence of this
field. The average velocity and the average speed of the
(a) 3 ms −2 (b) 4 ms −2 toy car between 0 to 3 s are respectively [NEET]
(c) 5 ms −2 (d) 6 ms −2 −1 −1
(a) 1 ms , 3.5 ms
2018 (b) 1 m/s, 3 m/s
2 A toy car with charge q moves on a frictionless horizontal (c) 2 ms −1 , 4 ms −1
plane surface under the influence of a uniform electric (d) 1.5 ms −1 , 3 ms −1
28 CHAPTERWISE & TOPICWISE ~ MEDICAL SOLVED PAPERS

3 Assertion A body is momentarily at rest at the instant, if 2014

it reverse the direction. 10 A particle moves with constant acceleration along a
Reason A body cannot have acceleration, if its velocity is straight line starting from rest. The percentage increase in
zero at a given instant of time. [AIIMS] its displacement during the 4th second compared to that in
(a) Assertion and Reason both are correct and Reason is the 3rd second is [WB JEE]
correct explanation of Assertion.
(b) Assertion and Reason both are correct but Reason is (a) 33% (b) 40% (c) 66% (d) 77%
not the correct explanation of Assertion. 11 A body of mass 10 kg is moving with a constant velocity
(c) Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect. of 10 ms −1 . When a constant force acts for 4 s on it, it
(d) Assertion is incorrect but Reason is correct. moves with a velocity 2 ms −1 in the opposite direction.
4 Velocity is given by v = 4t (1− 2t ), then find the value of The acceleration produced in it is [OJEE]
time at which velocity is maximum. [AIIMS] (a) 3 ms –2
(b) −3 ms −2
(a) 0.25 s (b) 1 s (c) 0.45 s (d) 4 s (c) 0.3 ms −2
(d) − 0.3 ms −2
5 A ball is thrown upwards with a speed u from a height h
above the ground. The time taken by the ball to hit the 12 A particle starts moving from rest with uniform
ground is [JIPMER] acceleration. It travels a distance x in first 2 s and distance
(a) 2h / g (b) 8h / g y in the next 2 s, then [EAMCET]
(a) y = 3x (b) y = 4x (c) y = x (d) y = 2x
u 2 + 2gh u 2h
(c) (d) + 13 A body starts from rest and moves with constant
g g g
acceleration for t sec. It travels a distance x1 in first half of
2017 time and x 2 in next half of time, then [KCET]
(a) x 2 = x1 (b) x 2 = 2x1
6 The x and y co-ordinates of the particle at any time are
(c) x 2 = 3x1 (d) x 2 = 4x1
x = 5 t − 2 t 2 and y = 10 t respectively, where x and y are
in metres and t in seconds. The acceleration of the particle 2013
at t = 2s is [NEET] 14 A stone falls freely under gravity. It covers distances
(a) 0 (b) 5 m/s 2 (c) − 4 m/s 2 (d) − 8 m/s 2 h1 , h2 and h3 in the first 5 s, the next five second and the
further next 5s, respectively. The relation between h1 , h2
7 A body is projected vertically upwards. The times and h3 is [NEET]
corresponding to height h while ascending and while h2 h3
descending are t 1 and t 2 , respectively. Then, the velocity (a) h1 = 2h2 = 3h3 (b) h1 = =
of projection will be (take g as acceleration due to 3 5
gravity) [JIPMER] (c) h2 = 3h1 and h3 = 3h2 (d) h1 = h2 = h3
g t1 t 2 g ( t1 + t 2 ) t t 2012
(a) (b) (c) g t 1 t 2 (d) g 1 2
2 2 ( t1 + t 2 ) 15 The motion of a particle along a straight line is described
2016 by equation x = 8 + 12t − t 3 , where x is in metre and t is in
second. The retardation of the particle, when its velocity
8 Two cars P and Q start from a point at the same time in a becomes zero [CBSE AIPMT]
straight line and their positions are represented by (a) 24 ms −2
(b) zero
x P ( t ) = at + bt 2 and x Q ( t ) = ft − t 2 . At what time do −2
(c) 6ms (d) 12 ms −2
the cars have the same velocity? [NEET]
a− f a+ f a+ f f −a 16 A particle moves along the X-axis. The position x of a
(a) (b) (c) (d) particle w.r.t. time from origin given by x = b0 + b1 t + b2 t 2 .
1+ b 2 ( b − 1) 2 (1+ b ) 2 (1+ b )
The acceleration of particle is [AIIMS]
2015 (a) b0 (b) b1 (c) b2 (d) 2b2
9 A particle of unit mass undergoes one-dimensional 17 A particle is travelling along a straight line OX. The
motion such that its velocity varies according to distance x (in metre) of the particle from O at a time t is
v( x ) = β x −2n , where β and n are constants and x is the given by x = 37 + 27t − t 3 , where t is time in second.
position of the particle. The acceleration of the particle as The distance of the particle from O when it comes to rest
a function of x is given by [AIPMT] is [WB JEE]
(a) −2nβ x 2 −2 n −1 2 −4 n −1
(b) −2nβ x (a) 81 m (b) 91 m
(c) 101 m (d) 111 m
(c) −2β 2 x −2n+1 (d) −2nβ 2 e −4n+1
MOTION IN A STRAIGHT LINE 29

18 From the top of a tower, 80 m high from the ground, a 26 A stone is thrown vertically upwards. When the stone is
stone is thrown in the horizontal direction with a velocity at a height equal to the half of its maximum height, its
of 8 ms –1 . The stone reaches the ground after a time t and speed will be 10 ms −1 , then the maximum height attained
falls at a distance of d from the foot of the tower, then the by the stone is (take, g = 10 ms −2 ) [Punjab PMET]
time t and distance d are given respectively by (a) 5 m (b) 150 m
(assuming, g = 10 ms −2 ) [WB JEE] (c) 20 m (d) 10 m
(a) 6 s, 64 m (b) 6 s, 48 m (c) 4 s, 32 m (d) 4 s, 16 m 2008
2010 27 The distance travelled by a particle starting from rest
19 A body starts from rest with a uniform acceleration. If its and moving with an acceleration 4 ms −2 , in the third
velocity after n second is v, then its displacement in the 3
last 2 s is [WB JEE] second is [CBSE AIPMT]
2v ( n + 1) v ( n + 1) (a) 6 m (b) 4 m
(a) (b) 10 19
n n (c) m (d) m
v ( n − 1) 2v ( n − 1) 3 3
(c) (d)
n n 28 A particle moves in a straight line with a constant
acceleration. It changes its velocity from 10 ms −1 to
20 A stone falls freely from rest and the total distance
20 ms −1 while passing through a distance 135 m in t s.
covered by it in the last second of its motion equals the
distance covered by it in the first three seconds of its The value of t (in second) is [CBSE AIPMT]
motion. The stone remains in the air for [WB JEE] (a) 10 (b) 1.8
(a) 6 s (b) 5 s (c) 7 s (d) 4 s (c) 12 (d) 9
29 A parachutist after bailing out falls 50 m without friction.
21 A body falls freely from the top of a tower. It covers 36%
When parachute opens, it decelerates at 2 ms −2 . He
of the total height in the last second before striking the
ground level. The height of the tower is [Haryana PMT]
reaches the ground with a speed of 3 ms −1 . At what
height, did he bail out? [AIIMS]
(a) 50 m (b) 75 m
(c) 100 m (d) 123 m (a) 91 m (b) 182 m
(c) 293 m (d) 111 m
22 From the top of a tower, a particle is thrown vertically
30 A car starting from rest accelerates at the rate f through a
downwards with a velocity of 10 ms −1 . The ratio of distance s, then continues at a constant speed for time t
distances covered by it in the 3rd and 2nd second of its and then decelerates at the rate f / 2 to come to rest. If the
motion is (take, g = 10 ms −2 ) [Punjab PMET] total distance travelled is 15 s, then [AIIMS]
(a) 5 : 7 (b) 7 : 5 1 2
(c) 3 : 6 (d) 6 : 3 (a) s = ft (b) s = ft
6
23 A body A is thrown up vertically from the ground with a 1 2 1
(c) s = ft (d) s = ft 2
velocity v 0 and another body B is simultaneously dropped 72 4
from a height H. They meet at a height H/ 2 , if v 0 is 31 An automobile travelling with a speed of 60 kmh −1 ,
equal to [AMU] can brake to stop within a distance of 20 m. If the car is
1 2g going twice as fast, i.e. 120 kmh − 1 , the stopping distance
(a) 2gH (b) gH (c) gH (d)
2 H will be [BHU]

24 The ratios of the distance travelled in successive intervals (a) 20 m (b) 40 m

of time by a body falling from rest are [AMU] (c) 60 m (d) 80 m
(a) 1 : 3 : 5 : 7 : 9 : ... (b) 2 : 4 : 6 : 8 : 10 : ... 32 If the velocity of a particle is v = At + Bt 2 , where A and
(c) 1 : 4 : 7 : 10 : 13 : ... (d) None of these B are constants, then the distance travelled by it between
1s and 2s is [NEET]
2009
3 7
25 A car starts from rest and accelerates uniformly to a speed (a) 3A + 7B (b) A + B
2 3
of 180 kmh −1 in 10 s. The distance covered by the car in A B 3
this time interval is [Kerala CEE] (c) + (d) A + 4B
2 3 2
(a) 500 m (b) 250 m (c) 100 m
(d) 200 m (e) 150 m
30 CHAPTERWISE & TOPICWISE ~ MEDICAL SOLVED PAPERS

33 A car moving with a speed of 50 kmh −1 can be stopped 40 When a bullet is fired at a target, its velocity decreases by
by brakes after atleast 6 m. If the same car is moving at a half, after penetrating 30 cm into it. The additional
speed of 100 kmh −1 , the minimum stopping distance is thickness, that it will penetrate before coming to rest is
(a) 12 m (b) 18 m [MP PMT] [Kerala CEE]
(c) 24 m (d) 6 m (a) 30 cm (b) 40 cm (c) 10 cm (d) 50 cm
(e) 20 cm
34 A boy standing at the top of a tower of 20 m height drops
a stone. Assuming g = 10 ms −2 , the velocity with which it 41 A body is moving with a uniform acceleration covers
200 m in the first 2 s and 220 m in the next 4 s. Find the
hits the ground is [CBSE AIPMT]
−1 −1
value of velocity in ms −1 after 7 s. [J&K CET]
(a) 20 ms (b) 40 ms (a) 10 (b) 15 (c) 20 (d) 30
(c) 5 ms −1 (d) 10 ms −1
42 The acceleration of a particle is increasing linearly with
2007 time t as bt. The particle starts from the origin with an
35 The position x of a particle with respect to time t along initial velocity v 0 . The distance travelled by the particle in
X -axis is given by x = 9t 2 − t 3 , where x is in metre and time t will be [AMU]
t in sec. What will be the position of this particle when it 1 1
(a) v 0 t + bt 2 (b) v 0 t + bt 3
achieves maximum speed along the + X - direction? 3 3
1 3 1
[CBSE AIPMT] (c) v 0 t + bt (d) v 0 t + bt 2
(a) 32 m (b) 54 m 6 2
(c) 81 m (d) 24 m 43 A conveyor belt is moving horizontally at a speed of
36 A ball thrown vertically upwards with an initial velocity 4 ms −1 . A box of mass 20 kg is gently laid on it. It takes
of 1.4 ms −1 returns in 2 s. The total displacement of the 0.1 s for the box to come to rest. If the belt continues to
ball is [Manipal] move uniformly, then the distance moved by the box on
(a) 22.4 cm (b) zero the conveyor belt is [AMU]
(c) 44.8 m (d) 33.6 m (a) zero (b) 0.2 m
(c) 0.4 m (d) 0.8 m
37 A particle moving along X-axis has acceleration f, at time 44 A particle moving with a uniform acceleration travels
24 m and 64 m in the first two consecutive intervals of 4 s
t is given by f = f 0 1 −  , where f 0 and T are
t
each. Its initial velocity will be [BCECE]
 T
(a) 5 ms −1 (b) 3 ms −1 (c) 1 ms −1 (d) 4 ms −1
constants. The particle at t = 0 has zero velocity. In the
time interval between t = 0 and the instant when f = 0, 2006
the particle’s velocity ( v x ) is [CBSE AIPMT]
2
45 The displacement of a particle starting from rest
(a) f 0T (b) f 0T (at t = 0) is given by
1 s = 6t 2 – t 3
(c) f 02T 2 (d) f 0T
2 The time in second at which the particle will obtain zero
38 A man throws balls with the same speed vertically velocity again is [AIIMS]
upwards one after the other at an interval of 2s. What (a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 6 (d) 8
should be the speed of the throw, so that more than two 46 A body falls from a height h = 200 m. The ratio of
balls are in the sky at any time? (Take, g = 9.8 ms −2 ) distance travelled in each 2 s, during t = 0 to 6 s of the
(a) Any speed less than 19.6 ms −1 [AFMC] journey is [Manipal]

(b) Only with speed 19.6 ms −1 (a) 1 : 4 : 9 (b) 1 : 2 : 4

(c) 1 : 3 : 5 (d) 1 : 2 : 3
(c) More than 19.6 ms −1
(d) Atleast 9.8 ms −1 47 From the top of a tower a stone is thrown up and reaches
the ground in time t 1 = 9 s. A second stone is thrown
39 Two bodies A (of mass 1 kg) and B (of mass 3 kg) are down with the same speed and reaches the ground in time
dropped from heights of 16 m and 25 m, respectively. The t 2 = 4 s. A third stone is released from rest and reaches
ratio of the time taken by them to reach the ground is the ground in time t 3 , which is equal to [Kerala CEE]
[Manipal]
(a) 5/4 (b) 12/5 5
(a) 6.5 s (b) 6 s (c) s (d) 65 s
(c) 5/12 (d) 4/5 36
(e) 64 s
MOTION IN A STRAIGHT LINE 31

48 A ball is thrown upwards, it takes 4 s to reach back to the 57 If a car at rest, accelerates uniformly and attains a speed
ground. Find the value of its initial velocity. [RPMT] of 72 kmh −1 in 10 s, then it covers a distance of [BHU]
−1 −1
(a) 30 ms (b) 10 ms (a) 50 m (b) 100 m
−1
(c) 40 ms (d) 20 ms −1 (c) 200 m (d) 400 m
58 The velocity of bullet is reduced from 200 ms −1 to
49 A ball is thrown from height h and another from 2h. The 100 ms −1 while travelling through a wooden block of
ratio of time taken by the two balls to reach the ground is thickness of 10 cm. The retardation assuming to be
[MP PMT] uniform, will be [RPMT]
(a) 1: 2 (b) 2 : 1 (c) 2 : 1 (d) 1 : 2 4 −2 4 −2
(a) 15 × 10 ms (b) 13.5 × 10 ms
50 A car accelerates from rest at a constant rate for first 10 s 4
(c) 12 × 10 ms −2
(d) None of these
and covers a distance x. It covers a distance y in next 10 s
at the same acceleration. Then, which of the following 59 A man is 45 m behind the bus, when the bus start
is true? [Punjab PMET] accelerating from rest with acceleration 2. 5 ms −2 . With
what minimum velocity should the man start running to
(a) x = 3 y (b) y = 3x (c) x = y (d) y = 2x catch the bus? [J&K CET]
51 The velocity of a particle at an instant is 10 ms −1 . After (a) 12 ms −1
(b) 14 ms −1

3 s its velocity will become 16 ms −1 . The velocity at 2 s, (c) 15 ms −1 (d) 16 ms −1

before the given instant would have been [AMU]
60 A particle moves along X-axis as x = 4 ( t − 2) + a ( t − 2) 2 .
(a) 6 ms −1 (b) 4 ms −1 (c) 2 ms −1 (d) 1 ms −1 Which of the following is true? [J&K CET]
52 A body is projected vertically upwards with a velocity u. (a) The initial velocity of particle is 4
It crosses a point in its journey at a height h twice just (b) The acceleration of particle is 2a
after 1s and 7 s. The value of u in ms −1 is (c) The particle is at origin at t = 0
(take, g = 10 ms −2 ) [EAMCET]
(d) None of the above
(a) 50 (b) 40 (c) 30 (d) 20 61 From the top of a tower two stones, whose masses are in
−1 the ratio 1 : 2 are thrown on straight up with an initial
53 A metro train starts from rest and in 5 s achieves 108 kmh .
speed u and the second straight down with the same speed
After that it moves with constant velocity and comes to rest
u. Then, neglecting air resistance [KCET]
after travelling 45 m with uniform retardation. If total distance (a) the heavier stone hits the ground with a higher speed
travelled is 395 m, find total time of travelling. [DUMET] (b) the lighter stone hits the ground with a higher speed
(a) 12.2 s (b) 15.3 s (c) 9 s (d) 17.2 s (c) Both the stones will have the same speed when they
54 The distance covered by an object (in metre) in hit the ground
given by s = 8t 3 – 7t 2 + 5t, find its speed (d) the speed can’t be determined with the given data
at t = 2 sec [Manipal] 62 A particle moves along Y-axis in such a way that its
(a) 76 ms −1 (b) 72 ms −1 (c) 86 ms −1 (d) 82 ms −1 y-coordinate varies with time t according to the relation
y = 3 + 5t + 7t 2 . The initial velocity and acceleration of
2005
the particle are respectively [BCECE]
55 The displacement x of a particle varies with time t as
(a) 14 ms −1 , − 5 ms −2
x = ae −αt + beβt , where a, b, α and β are positive
constants. The velocity of the particle will [CBSE AIPMT] (b) 19 ms −1 , − 9 ms −2
(a) go on decreasing with time (c) −14 ms −1 , − 5 ms −2
(b) be independent of α and β (d) 5 ms −1 , 14 ms −2
(c) drop to zero when α = β
(d) go on increasing with time 63 An object travels North with a velocity of 10 ms −1 and
then speeds upto a velocity of 25 ms −1 in 5 s. The
56 When a ball is thrown up vertically with velocity v0 , it
acceleration of the object in these 5 s is [JCECE]
reaches a maximum height of h. If one wishes to triple the
maximum height, then the ball should be thrown with (a) 12 ms −2 in North direction
velocity [AIIMS] (b) 3 ms −2 in North direction
(c) 15 ms −2 in North direction
(a) 3v 0 (b) 3v 0
(d) 3 ms −2 in South direction
(c) 9v 0 (d) 3/ 2 v 0
32 CHAPTERWISE & TOPICWISE ~ MEDICAL SOLVED PAPER

Answers
1 (b) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (a) 5 (c) 6 (c) 7 (b) 8 (d) 9 (b) 10 (b)
11 (b) 12 (a) 13 (c) 14 (b) 15 (d) 16 (d) 17 (b) 18 (c) 19 (d) 20 (b)
21 (d) 22 (b) 23 (b) 24 (a) 25 (b) 26 (d) 27 (c) 28 (d) 29 (c) 30 (c)
31 (d) 32 (b) 33 (c) 34 (a) 35 (b) 36 (b) 37 (d) 38 (c) 39 (d) 40 (c)
41 (a) 42 (c) 43 (b) 44 (c) 45 (b) 46 (c) 47 (b) 48 (d) 49 (a) 50 (b)
51 (a) 52 (b) 53 (d) 54 (a) 55 (d) 56 (a) 57 (b) 58 (a) 59 (c) 60 (b)
61 (c) 62 (d) 63 (b)

Explanations
1 (b) Time interval between 8th 1 4 (a) To find value of time at which
⇒ s3 = 0 − × 6 × (1)2 = − 3m
and 3rd second, 2 velocity is maximum, taking
∆t = 8 − 3 = 5 s, i.e. ∆t = 5s ∴ Net displacement, differentiation of v with respect to time
Change in velocity, s = s1 + s2 + s3 dv
=3m + 3m−3m ⇒ =0
∆v = 20 − 0 = 20 ms −1 dt
∴Average acceleration =3m Given, v = 4 t (1 − 2t )
∆v 20 Hence, average velocity v = 4 t − 8t 2
= = = 4 ms −2
∆t 5 =
Net displacement d
⇒ (4 t − 8t 2 ) = 0
2 (b) According to the question, Total time dt
For the time duration 0 < t < 1s, 3 ⇒ 4 − 16t = 0
= = 1m s−1
the velocity increase from 0 to 6 ms −1. 3 1
⇒ t = s = 0.25 s
As the direction of field has been Total distance travelled, d = 9m 4
reversed, for 1 < t < 2 s, the velocity Hence, average speed Again taking differentiation, we get
firstly decreases from 6 ms−1 to 0. Total distance 9 d 2v
Then, for 2 < t < 3 s; as the field strength = = = 3 m s −1 ⇒ = −16 < 0
Total time 3 dt 2
is same; the magnitude of acceleration Alternate Method So, at t = 0.25 s velocity is maximum.
would be same, but velocity increases
Given condition can be represented 5 (c) Time taken to reach the highest
from 0 to − 6 ms−1. through graph also as shown below. point from the height h is obtained
0< t <1s 1< t< 2 s
B from equation, v = u − gt
A C v
v=0 a v = 6 ms−1 − a v=0 (ms–1)+6 A
∴ 0 = u − gt or t =
u
D g
v= − 6 ms−1 − a O′ t=2 t=3 Height attained above his obtained from
2 < t < 3s O t=1 B D t(s) v 2 − u2 = 2 (− g )h1
Acceleration of the car
v−u 6−0 u2
|a|= = = 6 ms−2 –6 C or 0 − u2 = 2 (− g )h1 or h1 =
t 1 2g
The displacement of the particle is ∴ Displacement in three seconds  u2 
given as = Area under the graph Total height, h2 = h1 + h = + h
1  2g 
s = ut + at 2 = Area of ∆OAO′ + Area of
2 ∆AO′B − Area of ∆BCD Time taken to hit the ground is obtained
For t = 0 to t = 1s, 1 1 1 1
= × 1× 6 + × 1× 6 − × 6 × 1 from h2 = ut + at 2
u = 0, a = + 6 ms −2 2 2 2 2
1 = 3m u2 1
⇒ s1 = 0 + × 6 × (1)2 = 3 m or + h = 0 + gt 2
3 2g 2
2 ∴ Average velocity = = 1ms−1.
For t = 1s to t = 2s, 3 (u2 + 2g h)
Total distance travelled, d = 9m ∴ Total time taken, t =
u = 6 ms−1, a = − 6 ms−2 9 g
1 ∴ Average speed = = 3 ms−1
⇒ s2 = 6 × 1 − × 6 × (1)2 3 6 (c) Given, x = 5t − 2t 2
2
= 6 − 3 = 3m
3 (c) When a particle is released from Velocity of the particle,
rest position under gravity, then v = 0, dx d
For t = 2s to t = 3s, vx = = (5t − 2t 2 ) = 5 − 4t
but a ≠ 0. dt dt
u = 0, a = − 6 ms−1
38 CHAPTERWISE & TOPICWISE ~ MEDICAL SOLVED PAPERS

⇒ 20 = 0 + a × 10 v 2 = u2 + 2as Applying equation of motion for both

⇒ a = 2 ms−2 We have u = 0 (initial velocity), particles 1 and 2
a = 2.5 ms−2 For particle 1, v 2 = u2 + 2as
The second equation of motion,
1 Man ⇒ v12 = (− u)2 − 2gh
s = ut + at 2
2 Bus v12 = u2 − 2gh …(i)
1 For particle 2, v22 2
= u − 2gh ...(ii)
= 0 × 10 + × 2 × (10)2
2
Hence, v1 = v2
= 100 m 45 m
Both the stones will have same speed
58 (a) Given, initial velocity, u = 200 ms−1, Given, s = 45 m when they hit the ground.
final velocity, v = 100 ms −1 ∴ v 2 = 2 × 2.5 × 45
62 (d) Given, y = 3 + 5t + 7t 2
−1
and distance, s = 10 cm = 01. m ⇒ v = 225 = 15 ms Velocity v is defined as the rate of
Using the relation of equation of 60 (b) Rate of change of displacement is change of displacement, also using
motion, d n
 dx 
velocity  v =  . x = nx n − 1, we have
v 2 = u2 + 2as  dt  dx
dy
v 2 − u2 (100)2 − (200)2 Given, x = 4 (t − 2) + a(t − 2)2 v= = 5 + 14 t
⇒ a= = dt
2s 2 × 01. d n
Using, x = nx n − 1 Initial velocity at t = 0 is
10000 − 40000
= dx v = 5 ms−1
2 × 01
. dx
We have, v = = 4 + 2a(t − 2) d2 y
−300000 dt Also, acceleration, a = = 14 ms−2
= dt 2
2 At t = 0, v = 4 (1 − a)
∆ v v2 − v1
⇒ a = − 150000 ms−2 d 2x 63 (b) Acceleration, a = =
Acceleration, a′ = 2 = 2a ∆t ∆t
⇒ a−~ 15 × 104 ms−2 dt Given, v1 = 10 ms−1 , v2 = 25 ms−1
The minus (negative) sign denotes 61 (c) 1 and ∆t = 5 s
retardation. 2 25 − 10
∴ a= = 3 ms−2
59 (c) In order that the man catches the –u 5
h
bus, let his minimum velocity be v, in North direction.
then from equation of motion Ground

Topic 3
Graphs in Motion
2017
a a
1 What will be the a versus x graph for the following (c) (d)
graph? x x
–1
v(ms )
v0
2014
2 The acceleration of a moving body is found from the
(a) area under velocity - time graph [Kerala CEE]
x0 x(m) [AIIMS] (b) area under displacement - time graph
a a (c) slope of distance - time graph
(a) (b) (d) slope of velocity - time graph
(e) area under acceleration - time graph
x x
MOTION IN A STRAIGHT LINE 39

2013 2010
3 If the figure below represents a parabola, identify the 6 Which of the following graphs cannot possibly represent
physical quantities representing Y and X for constant one-dimensional motion of a particle? [AMU]
acceleration. [KCET]

Total distance
Y

Position
covered
3

1 Time Time
(I) (II)
X
1 2
Velocity Speed
(a) X = time, Y = velocity
(b) X = velocity, Y = time
(c) X = time, Y = displacement Time Time
(d) X = time, Y = acceleration
(e) X = velocity, Y = displacement
(III) (IV)
4 The speed-time graph of a particle moving along a solid
curve is shown below. The distance traversed by the (a) I and II (b) II and III
particle from t = 0 s to t = 3 s is [DUMET] (c) II and IV (d) All of these
2 2009
Speed (ms–1)

7 Figs. (I) and (II) show the displacement-time graphs of

1.5
two particles moving along the X -axis. We can say that
[UP CPMT, Punjab PMET]
1

1 2 3 x x
Time (s)
5
(a) 5 m (b) m t t
2 Fig. (I) Fig. (II)
10
(c) m (d) 2 m
3 (a) both the particles are having an uniformly
accelerated motion
5 The displacement-time graph of two moving particles (b) both the particles are having an uniformly retarded
make angles of 30° and 45° with the X-axis. The ratio of motion
their velocities is [KCET] (c) particle (I) is having an uniformly accelerated motion
Y while particle (II) is having an uniformly retarded
motion
Displacement

(d) particle (I) is having an uniformly retarded motion

while particle (II) is having an uniformly accelerated
45° motion
30°
X
8 Area under the velocity-time curve over a given interval
Time of time represents [Kerala CEE]
(a) acceleration (b) momentum
(a) 3 : 2 (b) 1: 1 (c) velocity (d) displacement
(c) 1 : 2 (d) 1 : 3 (e) kinetic energy
40 CHAPTERWISE & TOPICWISE ~ MEDICAL SOLVED PAPERS

2008
12 Consider the given velocity-time graph.
9 A body starts from rest and moves with uniform It represents the motion of [Kerala CEE]
acceleration. Which of the following graphs represent its
motion? [J&K CET] +v0

v v
(a) (b) v 0
2 4 6 8 10 11 12
t t t

–v0
v v
(c) (d)
(a) a projectile projected vertically upward, from a point
t t (b) an electron in the hydrogen atom
(c) a car with constant acceleration along a
2007 straight road
10 A body moves with uniform acceleration, then which of (d) a bullet fired horizontally from the top of a tower
the following graphs is correct? [DUMET] (e) an object in the positive direction with decreasing
speed
v a
13 A boy begins to walk eastward along a street in front of
(a) (b) his house and the graph of his displacement from home is
shown in the following figure. His average speed for the
t t whole time interval is equal to [BHU]
v s
(c) (d)
Displacement (m)

40
(east) in metre

t t 20
2006
11 The area of the acceleration-displacement curve of a body 0 5 10 15 20
gives [AFMC]
20 Time (min)
(a) impulse
(b) change in momentum per unit mass
(c) change in kinetic energy per unit mass (a) 8 m min −1 (b) 6 m min −1
(d) total change in energy 8
(c) m min −1 (d) 2 m min −1
3

Answers
1 (c) 2 (d) 3 (c) 4 (b) 5 (d) 6 (d) 7 (c) 8 (d) 9 (b) 10 (a)
11 (c) 12 (a) 13 (b)

Explanations
1 (c) Equation of given line, ~when (−ve, the sign signifies that the slope is Putting value of v from Eq. (i) in Eq. (ii),
velocity is plotted against position with decreasing) we get
intercept. On differentiating with respect to t, v  v 
a = − 0  − 0 x + v0 
Here, slope = − v0 / x0, dv v dx x0  x0 
=− 0 +0
vx
v = − 0 + v0 … (i)
dt x0 dt v02 v02
= x −
x0 v0 x02 x0
or a=− v … (ii)
x0
VECTOR ANALYSIS AND MOTION IN A PLANE 47

Topic 1
Vectors
2016 9 If a = 2i$ − 3$j + k$ and b = 3i$ + $j − 2k$ , then the cosine of
1 If the magnitude of sum of two vectors is equal to the angle θ between them is equal to [UP CPMT]
magnitude of difference of the two vectors, the angle (a) 5/14 (b) 1/7
between these vectors is [NEET] (c) 3/14 (d) 1/14
(a) 90° (b) 45° (c) 180° (d) 0° 10 If a ⋅ b = |a × b | , then the angle θ between a and bwill be
2014 (a) 60° (b) 45°
(c) 75° (d) 90° [OJEE]
2 The angle θ between the vector p = i$ + $j + k$ and unit
vector along X -axis is [MHT CET] 11 If A = B + C have scalar magnitudes of 5, 4, 3 units
 1   1 respectively, then the angle between A and C is [WB JEE]
(a) cos − 1   (b) cos − 1   (a) cos − 1 ( 3/ 5) (b) cos − 1 ( 4 / 5)
 3  2
(c) π/ 2 (d) sin − 1 ( 4 / 5)
 3  1
(c) cos − 1   (d) cos − 1  
 2  2 2011
12 Given, A = 2$i + 3$j and B = i$ + $j . The component of
3 Consider three vectors A = i$ + $j − 2k$ , B = i$ − $j + k$ and
vector A along vector B is [Karala CEE]
C = 2$i − 3$j + 4k$ . A vector X of the form αA + βB (α and 1 3 5 7
β are numbers) is perpendicular to C. The ratio of α and β is (a) (b) (c) (d)
2 2 2 2
[WB JEE]
(e) None of these
(a) 1 : 1 (b) 2 : 1
(c) − 1: 1 (d) 3 : 1 13 If vectors $i − 3$j + 5k$ and $i − 3j$ − ak$ are equal vectors,
4 Two equal vectors have a resultant equal to either of the then the value of a is [Kerala CEE]
two. The angle between them is [UK PMT] (a) 5 (b) 2
(a) 90° (b) 60° (c) − 3 (d) 4
(c) 120° (d) 0° (e) − 5
5 Which of the following is not a vector quantity? [KCET] 14 Which of the following is correct relation between an
arbitrary vector A and vector O? [DUMET]
(a) Weight (b) Nuclear spin
(a) A + O + A × O = A (b) A + O + A × O ≠ A
(c) Momentum (d) Potential energy (c) A + O + A × O = O (d) None of these
6 A force F = 5i + 2j − 5 k acts on a particle whose position
$ $ $
15 The value of λ for which two vectors a = 5i$ + λj$ + k$ and
vector is r = $i − 2j$ + k.
$ What is the torque about the
b = $i − 2j$ + k$ are perpendicular to each other is [WB JEE]
origin? [KCET]
(a) 2 (b) – 2
(a) 8 $i + 10$j + 12 k$ (b) 8 $i + 10$j − 12 k$ (c) 3 (d) – 3
(c) 8 $i − 10$j − 12 k$ (d) 10 $i − 10$j − k$ 16 For any two vectors A and B, if A ⋅ B = |A × B |, the
2013 magnitude of C = A + B is equal to [Haryana PMT]

7 The square of resultant of two equal forces is three times (a) A 2+ B 2 (b) A + B
their product. Angle between the forces is [UP CPMT] AB
(a) π (b) π/2 (c) A2 + B2 + (d) A 2 + B 2 + 2 AB
2
(c) π/4 (d) π/3
17 Find the torque of force, F = − 3$i + 2$j + k$ acting at the
2012
point r = 8$i + 2$j + 3k.
$
[AMU]
8 Three vectors satisfy the relation A ⋅ B = 0 and A ⋅ C = 0,
(a) 14i$ − 38$j + 16k$ (b) 4$i + 4$j + 6k$
then A is parallel to [AFMC]
(a) C (b) B (c) − 14$i + 38$j − 16k$ (d) − 4$i − 17$j + 22k$
(c) B × C (d) B ⋅ C
48 CHAPTERWISE & TOPICWISE ~ MEDICAL SOLVED PAPERS

18 At what angle must the two forces ( x + y ) and ( x − y ) act, 27 Vector which is perpendicular to ( a cos θ$i + b sin θ$j ) is
[J&K CET]
so that the resultant may be ( x 2 + y 2 ) ? [JCECE]
1 1
 (a) b sin θ$i − a cos θ$j (b) sin θi$ − cos θ$j
(x 2 + y 2 )   2 ( x 2 − y 2 )
(a) cos − 1 − 2 2 
(b) cos − 1 − 
a b
 2 ( x − y )  x 2 + y 2  (c) 5k$ (d) All of these
 ( x 2 + y 2 )  ( x 2 − y 2 ) 28 If A = 2$i + 3$j − k$ and B = − $i + 3$j + 4k$ , then projection
(c) cos − 1 − 2 2 
(d) cos − 1 − 
 ( x − y )  ( x 2 + y 2 )  of A on B will be [Punjab PMET]
3 3 3 3
2010 (a) (b) (c) (d)
13 26 26 13
19 If a + b = c and a + b = c, then the angle included
between a and bis [WB JEE] 29 Given, two vectors A = − $i + 2$j − 3k$ , B = 4i$ − 2$j + 6k$ .
(a) 90° (b) 180° (c) 120° (d) 0° The angle made by ( A + B ) with X-axis [EAMCET]
(a) 30° (b) 45°
2009 (c) 60° (d) 90°
20 There are N-coplanar vectors each of magnitudeV. Each
2π 2006
vector is inclined to the preceding vector at angle .
N 30 Which of the following statement is true? [J&K CET]
What is the magnitude of their resultant? [AIIMS] (a) When the coordinate axes are translated the
(a) V / N (b) V components of a vector in a plane change.
(c) Zero (d) N /V
(b) When the coordinate axes are rotated through some
21 If a 1 and a 2 are two non-collinear unit vectors and if angle, components of the vector change but the
|a 1 + a 2 | = 3, then the value of (a 1 − a 2 ) ⋅ ( 2a 1 + a 2 ) vector’s magnitude remains constant.
is [Haryana PMT, Punjab PMET] (c) Sum of a and bis R, if the magnitude of a alone is
increased, angle between band R decreases.
(a) 2 (b) 3/2 (c) 1/2 (d) 1
(d) The cross product of 3 $i and 4 $j is 12.
22 A is a vector with magnitude A, then the unit vector a$ in
the direction of vector A is [J&K CET] 31 Of the vectors given below, the parallel vectors are
(a) AA (b) A ⋅ A (c) A × A (d)
A A = 6$i + 8j$ B = 210i$ + 280k$
A C = 0.3i$ + 0.4$j and D = 3.6$i + 6$j + 4.8k$ [EAMCET]
23 Given, two vectors A = − 4i + 4 j + 2k and B = 2$i − $j − k$ .
$ $ $ (a) A and B (b) A and C (c) A and D (d) C and D
The angle made by ( A + B ) with $i + 2$j − 4k$ is
(a) 30° (b) 45° [Punjab PMET]
2005
(c) 60° (d) 90° 32 If the angle between the vectors A and B is θ, the value of
the product ( B × A ) ⋅ A is equal to [CBSE AIPMT]
24 The condition under which vectors ( a + b) and ( a − b)
(a) BA 2 cos θ (b) BA 2 sin θ
should be at right angles to each other is [AMU]
(a) a ≠ b (b) a ⋅ b = 0 (c) BA 2 sin θ cos θ (d) zero
(c) |a | = | b | (d) a ⋅ b = 1 33 If a vector 2$i + 3$j + 8k$ is perpendicular to the vector
25 Three forces A = ( i + j + k ), B = ( 2$i − $j + 3k$ ) and C
$ $ $ 4 $j − 4$i + α k$ , then the value of α is [CBSE AIPMT]
acting on a body to keep it in equilibrium, then C is 1
(a) − 1 (b)
(a) − ( 3i$ + 4k$ ) (b) − ( 4$i + 3k$ ) [EAMCET] 2
1
(c) 3i$ + 4$j (d) 2i$ − 3k$ (c) − (d) 1
2
2007
34 If | A × B | = 3A ⋅ B, then the value of | A + B | is
26 The sides of a parallelogram are represented by vectors
p = 5i$ − 4$j + 3k$ and q = 3i$ + 2$j − k.
$ Then, the area of (a) ( A 2 + B 2 + AB )1/ 2 [CBSE AIPMT]
1/ 2
the parallelogram is [Kerala CEE]  AB 
(b)  A 2 + B 2 + 
(a) 684 sq units (b) 72 sq units  3
(c) 171 sq units (d) 72 sq units (c) A + B
(e) 191 sq units (d) ( A 2 + B 2 + 3AB )1/ 2
VECTOR ANALYSIS AND MOTION IN A PLANE 49

35 Minimum numbers of unequal vectors which can give 37 Which of the following is incorrect? [Haryana PMT]
zero resultant are [AFMC] (a) a ⋅ ( b + c ) = b⋅ a + a ⋅ c
(a) two (b) three (b) a × ( b + c ) = ( a × c ) + ( a × b)
(c) four (d) more than four (c) a × ( b⋅ c ) = ( a × b) ⋅ ( a × c )
36 The vectors from origin to the points A and B are (d) ( b⋅ c ) a = a ( c ⋅ b)
A = 3$i − 6$j + 2k$ and B = 2i$ + $j − 2k$ , respectively. The 38 Angle (in rad) made by the vector 3 i$ + $j with the X -axis
area of the ∆ OAB is [BHU]
is [EAMCET]
5 2 3 5
(a) 17 (b) 17 (c) 17 (d) 17 (a) π/6 (b) π/4 (c) π/3 (d) π/2
2 5 5 3

Answers
1 (a) 2 (a) 3 (a) 4 (c) 5 (d) 6 (a) 7 (d) 8 (c) 9 (d) 10 (b)
11 (a) 12 (c) 13 (e) 14 (a) 15 (c) 16 (d) 17 (d) 18 (a) 19 (d) 20 (c)
21 (c) 22 (d) 23 (d) 24 (c) 25 (a) 26 (a) 27 (d) 28 (b) 29 (b) 30 (b)
31 (b) 32 (d) 33 (c) 34 (a) 35 (b) 36 (a) 37 (c) 38 (a)

Explanations
1 (a) Suppose two vectors are P and Q. Putting these values, we get Let, |A | = |B |= a
It is given that According to the question, | R | = a
= α ($i + $j − 2k$ ) + β (i$ − $j + k$ )
|P + Q | = |P − Q | From Eq. (i),
Let angle between P and Q is φ. X = i$ (α + β ) + $j (α − β )
a = a2 + a2 + 2aa cos θ
∴ P 2 + Q 2 + 2PQ cos φ + k$ (−2α + β )
⇒ a2 = a2 + a2 + 2a2 cos θ
= P 2 + Q 2 − 2PQ cos φ As vector X is perpendicular to C, i.e.
⇒ 4 PQ cos φ = 0 X ⋅C = 0 ⇒ 2a2 cos θ = − a2
⇒ cos φ = 0 [Q P , Q ≠ 0] [$i (α + β ) + $j (α − β ) ⇒ cos θ = − 1/ 2
π ⇒ − cos θ = 1/ 2
Hence, cos φ = cos + k$ (− 2α + β )]⋅ [ 2i$ − 3$j + 4 k$ ] = 0
2 ⇒ cos (180° − θ ) = cos 60°
π ⇒ 2 (α + β ) − 3 (α − β ) + 4 (− 2α + β ) = 0
⇒ φ = = 90° ⇒ θ = 120°
2
⇒ 2α + 2β − 3α + 3β − 8α + 4β = 0
a
2 (a) Given the angle between S Q
⇒ − 9α + 9β = 0
p = i$ + $j + k$
or α =β
and X-axis, x = i$ can be determine by a a
α 1
p⋅ x ⇒ = 60° R
cos θ = β 1 60°
| p | |x | O a P
or α :β =1 :1
(i$ + $j + k$ ) ⋅ (i$ ) 1
= = 4 (c) Let two vectors are A and B, Geometrically,
2
1 +1 +1 ⋅ 1 2 2 2 3 inclined at an angle θ. ∠SOP = 120°
 1
B 5 (d) Potential energy is not a vector
∴ θ = cos− 1   quantity. It has magnitude but no
 3
R direction, whereas weight = mg
3 (a) Vector X of the form αA + βB. where, g is vector, nuclear spin has
θ direction and momentum is mv, where
i.e. X = αA + βB O A v has direction.
Given, A = i$ + $j − 2k$ ,
Resultant of the two vectors A and B, 6 (a) Given, F = 5i$ + 2$j − 5 k$
B = $i − $j + k$ 2 2
| R | = | A | + | B | + 2 | A | | B | cos θ …(i) and r = i$ − 2$j + k$
and C = 2i$ − 3$j + 4 k$ We know that, torque, τ = r × F