Unit 13 Lesson 1

Some of the Greatest Scientific Achievements of the

Last 50 Years
1. Choose the correct answer from the alternatives.
(a) The first house was lighted with electricity in _____
(i) 1870s (ii) 1880s (iii)1890s (iv) 1870s
(b) The first trans-Atlantic flight was made by _____
(i) Charles Babage (ii) Charles Lindberg
(iii) Angel Matheus (iv) Buzz Aldrin
(c) Television became available _____
(i) after world war I (ii) before world war I
(iii) before world war II (iv) after world war II
(d) The word ‘ extraordinary ’ means ____
(i) simple (ii) large (iii) surprising (iv) vague
(e) Who was first implemented with an artificial heart?
(i) Charles Lindberg (ii) Robert Jervik
(iii) Dr. Barney Clark (iv) None of them
(f) The Jarvik-7 artificial heart was designed by ____
(i) Charles Lindberg (ii) Robert Jervik
(iii) Dr. Barney Clark (iv) None of them
(g) Jarvik-7 kept the person alive for _____ days.
(i) 110 (ii) 111 (iii) 112 (iv) 115
(h) The word “implementing” in the text is a/an____
(i) verb (ii) adverb (iii) noun (iv) adjective
(i) Phones were available since ____
(i) the late 1800s (ii) the late 1810s (iii) 1990s (iv) 1790s
(j) The number of mobile phone users in Bangladesh is ____
(i) more than 100 million (ii) less than 100 million
(iii) 100 million (iv) None of them
(k) Land Lines were difficult to obtain just ____ ago.
(i) three decades (ii) two decades
(iii) four decades (iv) five decades
(L) Bangladesh joined with South Asian Neighbors since ____.
(i) Jan 2015 (ii) March 2015 (iii) April 2015 (iv) May 2015
(m) The word “ consumer ” means ____.
(i) player (ii) Cricketer (iii) user (iv) Doer
(n) Microsoft Windows was introduced in ____
(i) 1982 (ii) 1983 (iii) 1984 (iv) 1985
(m) Personal computer became available to consumers in ____.
(i) 1972 (ii) 1973 (iii) 1974 (iv) 1977
(n) Telstar is a name of _____.
(i) Operating System (ii) Artificial Organ
(iii) Communication Satellite (iv) Microchip
(o) Telstar Setellite commenced it’s journey on ____
(i) 10 July 19072 (ii) 10 July 1962
(iii) 10 July 1982 (iv) 12 Jan 1986
(p) Telstar was incorporated by _____
(i) transistor (ii) solar panels
(iii) Both transistor and solar panel (iv) None of them
(q) The dream of Moon Landing was first accomplished by _____
(i) Neil Armstrong (ii) Buzz Aldrin
(iii) Andrew Markel (iv) Charles Lindberg
(r) Man’s most inspiring accomplishment is _____.
(i) Telstar (ii) Microchip
(iii) Moon Landing (iv) Mobile Phone
(s) W.W.W. stands for ____
(i) World Wide Works (ii) World Wide Web
(iii) World Wide War (iv) World Wide Water
(t) The Internet started in ____
(i) 1968 (ii) 1969 (iii) 1970 (iv) 1971
(u) World Wide Web started in _____
(i) 1991 (ii) 1992 (iii) 1993 (iv) 1994
(v) The world of electronics is revolutionized by _____
(i) electricity (ii) radio (iii) microchip (iv) television
(w) The word “forerunner” means ____.
(i) Ancestor (ii) Descendant (iii) Follower (iv) Maker
(x) Microchip is used in ____
(i) Personal Computer (ii) Calculator
(iii) Pace Maker (iv) All of them

B. Answer the following questions.

(Cantonment College, Jessore, 2018)

(a) What is extraordinary about human beings as species?

(b) We have come a long way in a relatively short period of time,- explain in your own
words.

(c) What kind of adjustment ability man has shown?

(d) What do you know about the invention and availability of television?

(e) How are human beings far superior to other species in the world?

Extra

(f) By 2015, how many countries in the world had a hundred million or more mobile
phone users?
(g) What is Jarvik-7? Why is it so significant in the advancement of medical science?

(h) What is the most important function performed by the Telstar satellite?

(i) There are some conspiracy theorists who insist that no human being ever set foot on
the moon. Do you support their views? Give reasons for your answer.

(j) You have read about seven amazing achievements of science in the last fifty years.
In your view, which of the achievements has the strongest influence on human beings?
Explain why.

2.

A. Make a flow chart showing the tremendous fast advancement of Human being.
(one is done for you.) ( Khulna Government Girls' College, Khulna 2018)

3
1. Use of Electricity 2 4 5 6
3
B. Make a flow chart showing the five uses of Personal Computer. (One is done for
You.) (Motijheel Model High School & College, Dhaka 2017)
3
1. Allowing us to access internet 2 4 5 6
3

C. Make a flow chart showing some information of microchip. (One is done for
you.) (New Govt. College. Rajshahi 2017)

1. Been a set of electronic circuits 3

2 4 5 6
on small plate of semiconductor
3

For Practice
1.Fill in the gaps with the clues given below. You can change the word if necessary.
nothing flight light remain relatively available
forget gained incredible advances alter extraordinary
We human beings tend to (b)____how far we have come as a species in a
(b)____short period of time. It was only in the 1870s when we had the first house that
was (c)____with electricity. Cars just started to become (d)____100 years ago. Charles
Lindbergh made the first trans-Atlantic (e)____in 1927. Televisions didn’t become
widely available until after World War II. In other words, the (f)____humankind has
made in a relatively short period of time have been (g)____short of extraordinary.
Perhaps just as (h)____is how we tend to simply adapt to these (i)____changes, not
realising how completely our world has been (j)____in a short span of time.

2.Fill in the gaps with the clues given below. You can change the word if necessary.
widely realize light heavy alter keep
first extraordinary amazing adapt advances available
We human beings tend to forget how far we have come as a species in a
relatively short period of time. It was only In the 1870s when we had the first house that
was (a) _____ with electricity. Cars just started to become (b) _____ 100 years ago.
Charles Lindbergh made the (c) _____ trans-Atlantic flight in 1927. Televisions didn’t
become (d) _____available until after World War II. In other words, the (e)
_____humankind has made in a relatively short period of time have been nothing short
of (f) _____. Perhaps just as extraordinary is how we tend to simply (g) _____to these
incredible changes, not (h) _____ how completely our world has been (t) _____in a
short span of time. With that in mind, It is worth looking back at some of the (j) —
scientific advances we have made in the last few decades.

3.Fill in the gaps with the clues given below. You can change the word if necessary.

extraordinary rent pique owe artificial last

heart patient organs prospect towards first
There is nothing that (a)____-the interest of a human being quite as much as the
(b)_____of living a longer life. Implanting a person with an artificial heart in 1982 was
an (c)_____step towards increasing the human lifespan. A Seattle based dentist, Dr.
Barney Clark, was the (d)_____ person implanted with the Jarvik-7, an artificial
(e)_____intended to last a lifetime. The Jarvik-7 (f)_____heart was designed by Robert
Jarvik. Though the (g)____ survived 112 days, it was a huge step (h)_____the
development of heart transplant surgery. One day, more advanced versions of artificial
(i)_____ will likely allow us to live much longer and more productive lives. When we
get there, we will (j)____ a lot to Robert Jarvik’s artificial heart.
4.Fill in the gaps with the clues given below. You can change the word if necessary.

join appearance reality list executives worldwide

consider strata mobile estimates decay decades
Phones have been around since the late 1800s, but cell phones made their
(a)_____ only in the 1990s. Today, by some (b)_____, more than 100 million people in
Bangladesh and more than 4.6 billion people (c)_____have mobile phones. Anything
that is useful and spreads so fast has to be (d)_____one of the greatest inventions of all
time. Just two (e)_____ago, in Bangladesh, even land lines were difficult to obtain, let
alone mobile phones. Today people from all social (f)_____use cell phones, from street
vendors to business (g)_____ in luxury cars, and from villagers to urbanites. Since May
2015, Bangladesh (h)_____ its South Asian neighbours India (862 million) and
Pakistan (122 million) on the (i)____ of countries with 100 million or more (j)____
phone users.
5.Fill in the gaps with the clues given below. You can change the word if necessary.
host rarely use for introduce only
access prevalence consumers nearly off granted
Today, we take for (a)_____that we have one machine that allows us to (b)_____
the Internet, do word processing, (c)_____ a calculator, watch TV, play games and do a
(d)_____ of other things. But the personal computer (e)_____ became available to (f)
______ in 1974. Things really took (g)____ when Microsoft Windows was (h)_____ in
1985 and it’s good that it was since without the (i)_____ of personal computers, the
Internet wouldn’t have had (j)_____ as big an impact as it has ever since.
6.Fill in the gaps with the clues given below. You can change the word if necessary.
commenced out innovations carry across ever
team power birth can from first
10 July 1962 marked the (a)____-of satellite communications. On this day the
Telstar satellite (b)_____ its journey into space and became the first (c)_____ active
communications satellite. It (d)_____the first live trans-Atlantic TV broadcasts. Telstar
was built by a (e)_____ at Bell Telephone Laboratories in USA and incorporated many
(f)_____ such as the transistor and the 3,600 solar panels that (g)_____ the satellite.
Telstar produced 14 watts and relayed its (h)_____ and non-public television pictures
on 11 July 1962. The satellite (i)_____ carry 600 voice calls and one black-and-white
TV channel (j)______ an egg-shaped orbit.
7.Fill in the gaps with the clues given below. You can change the word if necessary.
moon walk space open led only
accomplishment textiles become conspiracy
For thousands of years, human beings had looked to the heavens and dreamed of
(a)____ on the moon. In 1969, as part of the Apollo 11 mission, Neil Armstrong
(b)____ the first person to accomplish that dream, followed (c)____ minutes later by
Buzz Aldrin. Their (d)_____ gave people around the world the hope of future (e)____
exploration. In fact, it was a feat that was so fantastic that there are still (f)____
theorists who insist it could not be possible. Putting a man on the (g)____ is perhaps
man’s most inspiring accomplishment; it (h)_____ the door to future space travel and
(i)____ to a number of spin-off inventions including flame resistant (j)____ used by
firefighters, invisible braces, improved satellite dishes, and better medical imaging.
8.Fill in the gaps with the clues given below. You can change the word if necessary.
make invent all dollar interconnect web
information touch role access fail net
 The ARPANET, The first Internet, was (a)____ in 1969 and the public only had
(b)____ to the World Wide Web starting in 1993. Today, just 22 years later, the (c)____
has revolutionized the dissemination of (d)____, created a new multi-trillion (e)____
economic phenomenon, played a (f)____ in revolutions, and has (g)_____ much of the
globe. It has also (h)____ it possible for people (i)____ over the planet to reach out and
(j)____ someone.
9.Fill in the gaps with the clues given below. You can change the word if necessary.
evolutioniz interconnected some ARPANET much new
e
had out phenomenon make just start
The (a)____, the first Internet, was invented In 1969 and the public only (b) ____
access to the World Wide Web (c) —— in 1993. Today, Just 22 years later, the web has
(d) ____ the dissemination of information, created a (e)____ multi-trillion dollar
economic (f) ____, played role in revolutions and has (g)____ much of the globe. It has
also (h)____ it possible for people all over the planet to reach (i)— and touch(j)____ .

10.Fill in the gaps with the clues given below. You can change the word if
necessary.
result electronic invent microchip world until
equipment cheaply among semiconductor for personal
A microchip is a set of (a)_____ circuits on one small plate (chip) of (b)_____
material, normally silicon. Microchips are used in virtually all electronic (c)____ today
and have revolutionized the (d)____ of electronics. The forerunner to the microchip was
(e)____ back in 1959, but it didn't really start to take off (f)____ the 1980s. Since then,
incredible advances in (g)____ have made it possible for them to be (h)____ and
efficiently used for calculators, (i)____ computers, pet identification, automatic teller
machines, satellites, pacemakers, cell phones, and microwave ovens (j)_____ many
other products.

11. Fill in the gaps with appropriate words.

We human beings tend to (a)____how far we have come as a species in a
relatively short (b)____ of time. It was only in the 1870s when we had the first house
that was (c)____with electricity. Cars just started to become (d)____100 years ago.
Charles Lindbergh made the first trans-Atlantic (e)____in 1927. Televisions didn’t
become widely available until after World War II. In other words, the
(f)____humankind has made in a relatively short period of time have been (g)____short
of extraordinary. Perhaps just as extraordinary is (h)____ we tend to simply adapt to
these (i)____changes, not realising how completely our world has been (j)____in a
short span of time.
12. Fill in the gaps with appropriate words.
We human beings tend to forget how far we have come as a species in a relatively short
period of time. It was only In the 1870s when we had the first house that was (a) _____
with electricity. Cars just started to become (b) _____ 100 years ago. Charles Lindbergh
made the (c) _____ trans-Atlantic flight in 1927. Televisions didn’t become (d)
_____available until after World War II. In other words, the (e) _____humankind has
made in a relatively short period of time have been nothing short of (f) _____. Perhaps
just as extraordinary is how we tend to simply (g) _____to these incredible changes, not
(h) _____ how completely our world has been (t) _____in a short span of time. With
that in mind, It is worth looking back at some of the (j) — scientific advances we have
made in the last few decades.

13. Fill in the gaps with appropriate words.

There is nothing that piques the (a)_____ of a human being quite as much as the
(b)_____of living a longer life. Implanting a person with an artificial heart in 1982 was
an (c)_____step towards increasing the human lifespan. A Seattle based dentist, Dr.
Barney Clark, was the (d)_____ person implanted with the Jarvik-7, an artificial
(e)_____intended to last a lifetime. The Jarvik-7 (f)_____heart was designed by Robert
Jarvik. Though the (g)____ survived 112 days, it was a huge step (h)_____the
development of heart transplant surgery. One day, more advanced versions of artificial
organs will likely (i)_____ us to live much longer and more productive lives. When we
get there, we will (j)____ a lot to Robert Jarvik’s artificial heart.
14. Fill in the gaps with appropriate words.
Phones have been around (a)_____ the late 1800s, but cell phones made their
appearance only in the 1990s. Today, by some (b)_____, more than 100 million people
in Bangladesh and more than 4.6 billion people (c)_____have mobile phones. Anything
that is useful and spreads so fast has to be (d)_____one of the greatest inventions of all
time. Just two (e)_____ago, in Bangladesh, even land lines were difficult to obtain, let
alone mobile phones. Today people from all social (f)_____use cell phones, from street
vendors to(g)_____ executives in luxury cars, and from villagers to urbanites. Since
May 2015, Bangladesh (h)_____ its South Asian neighbours India (862 million) and
Pakistan (122 million) on the (i)____ of countries with 100 million or more (j)____
phone users.
15. Fill in the gaps with appropriate words.
Today, we take for (a)_____that we have one machine that allows us to (b)_____
the Internet, do word processing, (c)_____ a calculator, watch TV, play games and do a
(d)_____ of other things. But the personal computer (e)_____ became available to (f)
______ in 1974. Things really took (g)____ when Microsoft Windows was (h)_____ in
1985 and it’s good that it was since without the (i)_____ of personal computers, the
Internet wouldn’t (j)_____ had nearly as big an impact as it has ever since.
16. Fill in the gaps with appropriate words.
 10 July 1962 marked the (a)____of satellite communications. On this day the
Telstar satellite (b)_____ its journey into space and became the first ever (c)_____
communications satellite. It (d)_____the first live trans-Atlantic TV broadcasts. Telstar
was built by a (e)_____ at Bell Telephone Laboratories in USA and incorporated many
(f)_____ such as the transistor and the 3,600 solar panels that (g)_____ the satellite.
Telstar produced 14 watts and (h)_____ its first and non-public television pictures on
11 July 1962. The satellite (i)_____ carry 600 voice calls and one black-and-white TV
channel (j)______ an egg-shaped orbit.
17. Fill in the gaps with appropriate words.
For thousands of years, human beings had looked to the heavens and (a)____ of
walking on the moon. In 1969, as part of the Apollo 11 mission, Neil Armstrong
(b)____ the first person to accomplish that dream, followed (c)____ minutes later by
Buzz Aldrin. Their (d)_____ gave people around the world the (e)____ of future space
exploration. In fact, it was a feat that was so fantastic that there are still (f)____
theorists who insist it could not be possible. Putting a man on the (g)____ is perhaps
man’s most inspiring accomplishment; it (h)_____ the door to future space travel and
(i)____ to a number of spin-off inventions including flame resistant (j)____ used by
firefighters, invisible braces, improved satellite dishes, and better medical imaging.
18. Fill in the gaps with appropriate words.
The ARPANET, The first Internet, (a)____ invented in 1969 and the public only
had (b)____ to the World Wide Web starting in 1993. Today, just 22 years later, the
(c)____ has revolutionized the dissemination of (d)____, created a new multi-trillion
(e)____ economic phenomenon, played a (f)____ in revolutions, and has (g)_____
much of the globe. It has also (h)____ it possible for people (i)____ over the planet to
(j)____ out and touch someone.
19. Fill in the gaps with appropriate words.
The (a)____, the first Internet, was invented In 1969 and the public only (b) ____
access to the World Wide Web (c) —— in 1993. Today, Just 22 years later, the web has
(d) ____ the dissemination of information, created a (e)____ multi-trillion dollar
economic (f) ____, played role in revolutions and has (g)____ much of the globe. It has
also (h)____ it possible for people all over the planet to reach (i)— and touch(j)____ .

20. Fill in the gaps with appropriate words.

A microchip is a (a)_____ of electronic circuits on one small plate (chip) of
(b)_____ material, normally silicon. Microchips are used in virtually all electronic
(c)____ today and have revolutionized the (d)____ of electronics. The forerunner to the
microchip was (e)____ back in 1959, but it didn't really start to take off (f)____ the
1980s. Since then, incredible advances in(g)____ have made it possible for them to be
(h)____ and efficiently used for calculators, (i)____ computers, pet identification,
automatic teller machines, satellites, pacemakers, cell phones, and microwave ovens
among (j)_____ other products.