HARITH NAUFAL MOHD ASHRAF

2022750737
Defend Research Proposal

Relationship Between
Motivation And Satisfaction
among Cyclists in Decathlon
Cycling Club
October 2023-February 2024
 Agenda
TABLE OF CONTENT
1 Background Of Study 6 Research Design 11 Instrumentation

2 Statement of Problem 7 Significance of Study 12 Data Collection Procedure

3 Research Objectives 8 Literature Review 13 Data Analysis

4 Research Question 9 Conceptional Framework 14 Conclusion

5 Research Hypothesis 10 Methodology 15 References

Background of the Study
Currently, cycling tourism is a rising phenomena in terms of the variety of disciplines practiced worldwide as well as the number of participants and
events hosted. The majority of studies on cycling tourism have concentrated on nations like South Africa and Australia, especially in continental Europe.
Since 2015, cycling has gained immense popularity among many English and German residents and visitors (Han, Lho, Al-Ansi, & Yu, 2020; Kruger &
Saayman, 2014; Lamont & Buultjens, 2011; Shipway, King, Lee, & Brown, 2016 as cited in Rejon-Guardia ´ et al., 2018, 2020).

The topic of motivation in sports has attracted the attention of numerous researchers. Self-determination theory (SDT) is one of the most significant
areas of research. The psychological demands of relatedness, competence, and autonomy serve as the foundation for its presumptions. To comprehend
the elements promoting motivation and optimal functioning, SDT offers an explanation (Malchrowicz-Mośko, E. et al., 2019).

Major motives in cycling tourism, indicating common motivational domains and the value of each study. A thorough comparison research reveals that the
primary driving forces are exploration, stimulus-seeking, self-improvement, physical challenge, social engagement, and lifestyle. But not much research
has looked at event-specific characteristics (Kruger, Hallmann, & Saayman, 2016; LaChausse, 2006; Streicher & Saayman, 2010 as cited in Rejon-
Guardia ´ et al., 2018, 2020).

We frequently come with the concept of satisfaction, particularly in our social life (Çelik, 2011 as cited in Uzun, 2022). "Satisfaction" is defined as
satisfying desires, motivations, wants, and expectations. When engaging in recreational activities, the participant seeks to fulfil expectations and achieve
satisfaction; hence, the participant hopes to derive leisure fulfilment from the activities (Ayyıldız, 2015 as cited in Uzun, 2022).

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Statement of The Problem
In recent years, cycling has become incredibly popular, leading to the formation of clubs and communities all around the world.
One such organization that offers a venue for cyclists of all skill levels to participate in the sport is the Decathlon Cycling Club.

Despite the popularity, the limited knowledge for specific motives that drives cyclists to participate in clubs, personal challenges
or social connection shows a limited understanding towards the specific factors influencing their motivation and satisfaction
among cyclists within the Decathlon Cycling Club context. How do these motives influence their satisfaction with the cycling
club?

Two important aspects that affect people's engagement in cycling are motivation and satisfaction.
By comprehending the connection between these two elements, Decathlon Cycling Club can enhance the experience of its
current members and draw in new ones.

Conducting a detailed analysis of the Gender segment and evaluating factors that increase loyalty among
minority segments.

Standardised scale to measure cyclist motivations, considering both event and destination characteristics.

Investigating the persistence and attribution of motivations and satisfaction to the destination and cycling event
can be achieved through a longitudinal analysis over time, which would yield valuable insights.

Explore how various types of cycling events, such as competitive races, charity rides, or leisure tours, may
appeal to different participant profiles and address unique motivations and satisfaction dimensions.

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 Research Objective
RO1
To identify the main
motivational factors
(Contemplation,Exploration,
Physical Challenge,
Self-Development,Social
Interaction) among Cyclists
in Decathlon Cycling Club.
RO3
To examine the
relationship between
motivation and satisfaction
RO2 RO4
among Cyclists in
To identify the main To compare the motivation
Decathlon Cycling Club.
satisfaction factors and satisfaction factors
(Inter-Satisfaction, among Cyclist at Decathlon
Intra-Satisfaction) among Cycling Club in Gender.
Cyclists in Decathlon
Cycling Club.
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Research Question
RQ 1
What is the main Motivational factors among Cyclists at Decathlon
Cycling Club?

RQ 2
What is the main Satisfaction factors among Cyclists at Decathlon
Cycling Club?

RQ 3
Is there any significance relationship between Motivation and
Satisfaction among Cyclists at Decathlon Cycling Club?

RQ 4
Is there any significance comparison between Gender among Cyclists
at Decathlon Cycling Club?

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Research Hypotheses
HO 1:There is a significant relationship between motivation and
satisfaction among cyclists in Decathlon Cycling Club.

HO 2: There is a significant difference in Gender among cyclists

in Decathlon Cycling Club.

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Research Design

Survey Design
Quantitative
Quantitative research is the process of collecting and analyzing numerical
data.

Questionnaire
A questionnaire is a research tool used to conduct surveys. It includes specific questions with
the goal to understand a topic from the respondents' point of view.

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Significance of the Study

Cycling Future
Cyclists
Club Research

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 Literature Review
Motivation
Since these motives influence behaviour, marketing professionals must
comprehend these motivations (Dolnicar, 2008 as cited in Rejon-Guardia ´ et al.,
2018, 2020). An overview of the literature on bicycle tourism highlights the need of Typologies of cyclists and the profile of the
researching why people choose to participate in cycling events (Deery, Jago, &
Fredline, 2004 as cited in Rejon-Guardia ´ et al., 2018, 2020 ), however, a major cycling tourist
obstacle is that motives can vary widely and quickly (Odgen & Hills, 2008 as cited
in Rejon-Guardia ´ et al., 2018, 2020). Thus, successful market segmentation and The extant body of literature on cycling tourism mainly examines participant profiles
marketing campaign planning can be facilitated by a thorough grasp of from the perspectives of behavioural, motivational, and sociodemographic factors
participation incentives (Boo & Jones, 2009; Kruger, Hallmann, & Saayman, 2016; (Kruger, Hallmann, & Saayman, 2016; Kruger & Saayman, 2014 as cited in Rejon-
Kruger & Saayman, 2014; Ritchie et al., 2010 as cited in Rejon-Guardia ´ et al., 2018, Guardia ´ et al., 2018, 2020). A thorough analysis of these research indicates a strong
2020). correlation between participant sociodemographic characteristics and the level of
specialisation, race difficulty, and cycling discipline (Lamont & Jenkins, 2013 as cited

Satisfaction in Rejon-Guardia ´ et al., 2018, 2020).

The definition of satisfaction is when perceived value and prior expectations line
up (Meng Tepanon & Uysal, 2008 as cited in Rejon-Guardia ´ et al., 2018, 2020). It
relates to emotions that result from the cognitive and affective features of
products and services in the context of travel (Anton, ´ Camarero, & Laguna-
García, 2017 as cited in Rejon-Guardia ´ et al., 2018, 2020). In the context of sports
tourism, satisfaction specifically refers to the pleasure experienced from taking
part in sporting events or making use of auxiliary services while attending an event
(Yoshida & James, 2010 as cited in Rejon-Guardia ´ et al., 2018, 2020). Back to Agenda
Conceptual Framework
Motivation Variables (IV) Satisfaction Variables (DV)

Self Development

Satisfaction
Contemplation

Social Interaction

Exploration

Intra-satisfaction Inter-satisfaction
Physical Challenge

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METHODOLOGY
RESEARCH
DESIGN

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Methodology
Sample : 4500 members of Cyclist in Decathlon Cycling Club
Inclusion :Active Cyclists In Decathlon Cycling Club
Exclusion :Active Cyclist that are not in Decathlon Cycling Club

Sample Size : 354 Cyclist based on Krejcie and Morgan Table

Add 20% to avoid unreturned questionnaire

Technique : Probability Sampling - Simple Random Sampling

(The respondents have an equal chances to answer the questionnaire.)

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Instrumentation
The respondent will give their honest agreement from 1 (strongly agree) to 5 (strongly disagree). Cronbach alpha reliability
assessment is used.

Section A: Demographic Information

(Age,,Races,Gender,Marital Status,Years of involvement)

Section B: Motivation Questionnaire for Cyclist

(Kruger, Hallmann, & Saayman, 2016; LaChausse, 2006; Streicher & Saayman, 2010)
Consist 5 Domains
16 Items
Contemplation (0.86),Exploration (0.82),Physical Challenge (0.88),Self Development (0.81),Social Interaction (0.79)

Section C:Satisfaction Questionnaire for Cyclist

(Tocquer and Zins 2004)
Consist of 2 Domains
11 Items
Satisfaction with service before, during and after the event (0.81), Satisfaction with event organization (0.80)
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 Motivation Questionnaire for Cyclist
Satisfaction Questionnaire for Cyclist
(Kruger, Hallmann, & Saayman, 2016; LaChausse, 2006; Streicher & Saayman,
(Tocquer and Zins 2004)
2010)
 Getting the ethic approval from
1
universities

Ask permission to do research

2
at Decathlon Cycling Club
DATA Gives briefing on description of
COLLECTION 3 questionnaire that needs to be filled by

PROCEDURES
respondents.

This survey will be conducted by giving out the

4 questionnaire to the cyclists in the Decathlon
Cycling Club.

5 Analyze the result.

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Data Analyses
OBJECTIVES DATA ANALYSES

To identify the main motivational factors

(Contemplation,Exploration,Physical Challenge, Descriptive analysis
Self-Development,Social Interaction) among Cyclists in Mean, Mode, Median,standard deviation
Decathlon Cycling Club.

To identify the main satisfaction factors

Descriptive analysis
(Inter-Satisfaction, Intra-Satisfaction) among Cyclists in
Mean, Mode, Median,standard deviation
Decathlon Cycling Club.

To examine the relationship between motivation and

Inferential statistics-Pearson/Spearman Correlation
satisfaction among Cyclists in Decathlon Cycling Club.

To compare the motivation and satisfaction factors

Inferential statistics-Pearson/Spearman Correlation
among Cyclist at Decathlon Cycling Club in Gender.

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 The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between
motivation and satisfaction among cyclist in Decathlon Cycling Club.

In practical terms, understanding the intricate connection between

motivation and satisfaction among cyclists can inform the development
of effective interventions and strategies to enhance the overall cycling
experience. This may involve tailored coaching approaches, community-
building initiatives, or the creation of cycling environments that cater to
diverse motivational needs.

Conclusion However, it is crucial to acknowledge that the relationship between

motivation and satisfaction is not unidirectional. Satisfaction itself can
serve as a powerful motivator, creating a positive feedback loop that
encourages cyclists to persist and deepen their engagement with the
activity. Achieving a balance between intrinsic and extrinsic motivations,
as well as recognizing and addressing individual differences in
motivational profiles, is essential for promoting sustained satisfaction
among cyclists.

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 References

Malchrowicz-Mośko, E., Młodzik, M., León-Guereño, P., & Adamczewska, K. (2019). Male and female motivations for
participating in a mass cycling race for amateurs. The SKODA Bike Challenge case study. Sustainability, 11(23), 6635.
https://doi.org/10.3390/su1123663

Rejón‐Guardia, F., Criado, J. R., & García-Sastre, M. A. (2023). The role of motivations and satisfaction in repeat
participation in cycling tourism events. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, 43, 100664.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jort.2023.100664

Uzun, M. (2022). A STUDY OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SENSATION-SEEKING AND LEISURE

SATISFACTION a. International Journal of Eurasian Education and Culture, 7(16), 368–383.
https://doi.org/10.35826/ijoecc.536

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Thank
you!