Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Ec, Fue Ec 362
Ec, Fue Ec 362
• Fertilizer use efficiency is the output of any crop per unit of the
nutrient applied under a specified set of soil and climatic
conditions.
FERTILIZERUSEEFFICIENCY
• Based on the nutrient supplying power of soils
as determined by soil test values, fertilizer
recommendations are made.
• The aim is to get maximum economic yield with
minimum inputs.
• Of the various inputs fertilizer is the costly
input. This costly input must be efficiently used
and utilized.
Fertilizers are considered as efficient when maximum yield is obtained
with minimum possible amountof fertilizer application.
• It is indeed difficult to quantify the efficiency of a particular
fertilizer since it dependson:
1. Losses due to leaching
2. Losses in gaseous forms
3. Immobilization by chemical precipitation, adsorption on
exchange complex and microbial cells.
4. Chemical reactions between various components in fertilizers
during mixing, before application to soil.
5. Physical properties of soil
6. Chemical properties of soil
7. Fertilizer characteristics.
NEED FOR NUE
Import of fertilizer of Rs 337.3billion IN 2016-17
Loss of Rs. 2900 crores in India due to loss of N fertilizer
1% increase in NUE in N & P will save Rs. 1005 million
Meeting increasing global demand for food, fiber, and
bio-energy
Ground water contamination
Soil health point of view
Marginal economy of farmers
Human health issue- in Punjab & Haryana ground
water samples had Nitrate-N of > 22mg/L.
Challenges Facing Indian
Agriculture
7
Food Grain (Mt) Fertilizer(Mt)
Fertilizer consumption
during 1967-68 to 2011-
12 increased 24 times,
the increase in food
grain production was
only 3.5 times.
8
Deteriorating balance in NPK
The N-P-K ratio worsened acutely in certain states
NPK Ratios across states in India for 2013
EAST SOUTH
NORTH WEST
The loss of N through leaching and volatilization creates pollution and has
environmental implications.
1
0
The cause for low NUE and declining response to N fertilizers:
1
1
1
2
Indices of Nutrient Use
Efficiency
1. PFP = yield (kg/ha) / Nutrient applied (kg/ha) x 100
Economic
Threat loss to
to farmers
food
securit Adverse thereby to
nation
y impacts
of poor
SHM
Mortality
Soil of active
hardening beneficia
& erosion l Soil
Bacteria
Rhizosphere Mangement
Rhizosphere management not only increases maize yield by 5–15% with high yields of 12–
15 t ha–1, but also saves considerable chemical inputs by reducing fertilizer application
(40–50% for fertilizer N and by 33% for P)
Rhizosphere Enrichment through Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi
(A) Mechanisms of nutrient mobilization from soil by Abuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and their contribution to P
nutrition and plant growth; (B) pre inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in sweet potato seedlings;
and (C) effects of AMF on sweet potato growth.
Nitrification inhibitors in
Name agriculture
Solubility .
in water Relative Mode of
(chemical, (g/l) volatility application
trademark)
Underuse
Prilled Urea(1-2
mm)
22
Inter cropping for improving nutrient use
efficiency
Intercropping Remarks
P-deficient intercropping
system
Legume based
2. Effective 3. Fill
use of deficit
existing between total
nutrients needs and
26
indigenous
LCC and SPAD Meter
120 kg N/ha at 0, 20, 40 and 60 DAS 120 4.72 124 46.7 13.9