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backward into echellon, to form line on the front
Company
44. When from line the Companies of a battalion march
off in echellon to the front, and again form line 37
45. When a Battalion in echellon of Companies is
required to form square 37
46. When a Battalion marching in line is to take ground
to a flank by the echellon movement 37
Light infantry. Signals, and sounds 38
Infantry sword exercise 38
Extension motions, and positions 38
Preparatory instruction with the sword 39
Review, or inspection exercise 40
Attack, and defence 40
Stick drill 40
Instructions for pitching, and striking tents 41
PA RT I I .
CARBINE EXERCISE; SWORD EXERCISE, CAVALRY.
Royal Artillery. Carbine Exercise 43
Inspection, and dismissal of a Company 43
To fire a Feu-de-joie 44
Funeral exercise 44
Sword. Royal Artillery 44
Cavalry, sword exercise 45
Formation for Sword exercise, on foot 46
Formation for Sword exercise, mounted 46
Officers’ salute 46
PA RT I I I .
ORDNANCE, CARRIAGES, etc.
Names of parts. The Dispart. Point blank range 48
The Tangent scale. The sights. The Line of metal 49
The Centre of metal. Windage 49
The Vent. Bouching. Tertiating. Quadrating. Honey
comb. Length. Calibre. Gun metal 50
Brass, and Iron guns 50
Service charges of powder. Point blank range of
guns 51
Description of Howitzers, and Carronades 51
Description of Mortars, charges, ranges, &c. 52
Value of Brass, and Iron Ordnance 52
Proof of iron Guns, brass Guns 53
” Mortars, Howitzers, Carronades 54
Water proof of Ordnance 54
Marks on condemned Ordnance, and Shells 54
Instructions for the care, and preservation of iron
Ordnance 55
Ingredients for coating, and lacquering iron
Ordnance 56
Instructions for lacquering Shot, and Shells 56
To render Ordnance unserviceable, by Spiking, &c. 57
Unspiking Ordnance 58
Length, Weight, Calibre, and Charge of Ordnance
generally used in the service 59, 60
CARRIAGES.
Garrison, Ship, Field gun carriages. Sleighs,
equipment, &c. 61
Depression carriages 62
Weight of Field carriages, Limbers, &c. 63 to 67
Weight, and diameter of Wheels 67
Weight of Carriages for iron Guns, Howitzers,
Carronades 68
Weight of Traversing platforms 68
Weight, and dimensions of Trucks 69
Weight, and dimensions of Mortar beds 69
PA RT I V.
RANGES, CHARGES, ELEVATIONS, &c.
BRASS ORDNANCE.
Medium 12 Pr. Light 12 Pr. }
9 Pr. Long 6 Pr. Light 6 Pr. }
Heavy 3 Pr. } 70
24 Pr. Howitzer. 12 Pr. Howitzer }
5½-inch heavy Howitzer }
8-inch Howitzer 32 Pr. Howitzer 71
Shrapnell shells 72
Ricochet practice with brass Ordnance 73
MORTARS.
Practical rules for charge, range, &c. 80
Practice, 13, 10, 8, 5½, 4⅖-inch mortars 81
Greatest charges, and ranges 82
PA RT V.
STORES, IMPLEMENTS, COMBUSTIBLES, &c.
Balls, light, smoke. Carcasses 83
Cartridges for guns, howitzers, carronades 85
Fuzes, old pattern, Boxer’s, metal 86
Grease. Grenades, hand 87
Gun cotton 88
Gunpowder, manufacture, proof, marks 89
” Magazines. Barrels. Boxes 90
Handbarrows. Handspikes. Levers. Lights, blue 91
Lights, long, signal. Match, quick, slow 92
Parachute light ball, Boxer’s. Pendulums 93
Portfires, common, percussion, miners’, slow, coast
guard 94
Quoins. Rockets, signal 95
Shells, common, naval, Shrapnell diaphragm 96
Shot, case, or canister, grape 96
Stool beds. Tubes, common, detonating, friction 98
Wadmiltilt. Wooden bottoms 99
PA RT V I .
FIELD BATTERY EXERCISE. DETAIL FOR ACTIVE SERVICE OF
9 Pr. TROOP OF HORSE ARTILLERY, 9 Pr. FIELD BATTERY,
18 Pr. FIELD BATTERY, 32 Pr. HOWITZER FIELD BATTERY,
GUN AND SMALL ARM AMMUNITION RESERVE. INTERIOR
MANAGEMENT OF A BATTERY. EMBARKING, AND
DISEMBARKING. APPLICATION OF FIELD ARTILLERY.
ENCAMPING, AND PICKETING. TENTS. HORSES.
FORAGE. VETERINARY DIRECTIONS. CONGREVE
ROCKET EXERCISE.
Telling off the Detachment. Posts of the Detachment 100
Change of position. Detail of duties. Changing round 101
Exercise with reduced numbers. Distances required 102
Names of parts of a Field gun carriage 102
Limbering up. Unlimbering. Moving with the Prolonge 103
Exercise with Drag-ropes 103
Formation of a Battery. Posts, and duties of Officers,
104
&c.
EQUIPMENT OF A BATTERY.
Packing the entrenching tools, camp equipage,
&c. 119
18 Pr. Gun 120
12 Pr. medium, Gun 121, 122
9 Pr. Gun 123, 124
Light 6 Pr. Gun 125, 126
8-inch Howitzer 127
32 Pr. Howitzer 128, 129
24 Pr. Howitzer 130, 131
12 Pr. Howitzer 132, 133
Weight of Riders, Harness, Ordnance,
Carriages, &c., of a Field battery equipped 134
9 Pr. Troop of Horse Artillery. Detail for active
service 135
Reserve of Gun, and Small arm ammunition.
Horse Artillery 136
9 Pr. Field battery. Detail for active service 137 to 140
18 Pr. Field battery. Detail for active service 141
32 Pr. Howitzer Field battery. Detail for active
service 142
Reserve of Gun, and Small arm ammunition.
Detail 143
Gun ammunition reserve. Detail for Reserve
Artillery 144
Small arm ammunition, reserve. Detail for
Reserve Artillery 145
On the interior management of a battery 146
Embarking, and disembarking 149
Embarking guns, and carriages 149
Embarking the horses 150
VETERINARY DIRECTIONS.
Cathartic mass 162
Febrifuge mass 163
Sedative mass 164
Diuretic mass 164
Alterative mass 164
Tonic mass 165
Anti-spasmodic draught 165
Vermifuge powder 166
Anti-purgation powder 166
Discutient powder 166
Astringent powder 167
Ophthalmic powder 167
Blistering liquid 168
Turpentine liniment 168
Turpentine ointment 168
Black oil 168
Hoof ointment 169
CONGREVE ROCKETS.
On firing rockets 169
Exercise of rockets 171
PA RT V I I .
REPOSITORY COURSE.—SERVING, AND WORKING HEAVY
ORDNANCE.[2]
Part 1.—Art. 1. Telling off the detachments 173
Art. 3. To shift a gun from the firing to the travelling
176
holes, or vice versâ
Art. 4. Exercise of guns on siege carriages 176
Art. 5. Exercise of guns on dwarf, and casemate
177
traversing platforms
Art. 6. ” ” on common traversing
177
platforms
Art. 7. Disposition, and duties, Firing hot shot 177
Art. 8. Exercise of carronades 179
Art. 9. ” of guns, and carronades, on ship
179
carriages
Art. 10. ” of ” on depressing
180
carriages
Art. 11. ” of 10 and 8 inch howitzers 180
Art. 12. ” of mortars 180
Art. 13. Firing by night 182
Art. 14. Firing at moving objects 183
Part 2.—Art. 1. Lever, and handspike 183
Art. 2. Fulcrums, and props 184
Art. 3. Lifting jack 185
Art. 4. Rollers 185
Art. 5. Crab capstan 186
Art. 12. Sling cart 187
Art. 13. Sling waggon 189
Art. 15. Triangle gyns 190
Art. 16. Gibraltar gyn 193
PA RT V I I I .
GUNNERY.
Practical rules 195
Results from experiments on the velocities of Shot, &c. 196
Theory, and practice of Gunnery 198
Double shotting. The effects of Wads 198
Penetration of Shot 199
Eccentric spherical Shot 201
Resistance of Iron plates, Oak plank, &c., against
musketry, canister, grape-shot, hollow, and solid
shot 203
Naval Gunnery 205
To estimate the distance between Vessels 206
Table A.—Heights of the different parts of Ships of war 207
Table B.—Angles subtended by the masts of Ships of
war 208
Table C.—Tangent practice with 8-inch Gun: 32-Pr.
Gun 209
Table D. ” with long 24-Pr., and long
18-Pr. Guns 210
Table E. ” with short 24-Pr., and short
18-Pr. Guns 211
Instructions for the exercise, and service of great guns,
and shells on board Her Majesty’s ships 212
Arrangement for fighting both sides 214
Exercise for the 10-inch, or other revolving gun 216
Mortar exercise 217
Instructions for landing seamen, and marines with field 218
pieces
Proportion of charges, spare powder, &c., for a 51-gun
screw steam frigate, and 50-gun frigate 220
On naval bombardments 221
PA RT I X .
BATTERIES.—PERMANENT, AND FIELD FORTIFICATION.
Description of Batteries, Embrazures, &c. 223
Dimensions of parapet requisite to be proof 224
Dimensions of an elevated Gun battery 224
Directions for tracing a battery 224
Shelter from an enemy’s fire 225
Epaulments. Elevated sand-bag batteries 226
Half-sunken batteries. Sunken gun batteries 227
Ricochet batteries 227
Fascines 228
Gabions 229
Sod, or turf. Platforms 230
Alderson’s platform 231
Dimensions, and weight of platforms for guns, &c. 232
Carrying, and laying down, Gun, Howitzer, Mortar, and
Madras platforms 233
Breach. To burst open gates of fortresses, &c. 233
Fortification, description of 234
Command. Rampart. Interior slope. Terreplein.
Parapet. Banquette. Revetment. Berm 234
Tablette. Cordon. Escarp 235
Counterscarp. Faces. Flank. Bastions. Curtain. Front
of fortification. Ditch. Covered way. Glacis. Places of
arms. Sally-ports. Traverses 235
Citadel 236
Esplanade. Body of the place. Outworks. Tenaille. 236
Ravelin Horn work. Crown-work. Lunettes.
Tenaillons. Flèche. Caponiere. Cunette. Batardeau.
Ramp. Cavalier
Parallels. Zig-zags, or roads of communication. Redan.
Redoubt. Star Fort. Têtes de pont. Lines.
Epaulment. Loop holes. Palisades. Fraises.
Chevaux de frise. Abattis. Hurdles. Trous de loup 237
Permanent Fortification 238
Remarks, and general rules 238
Vauban’s first system.—Construction 240
Profile, or section of Vauban’s first system 242
Modern system, names of parts 243
Field Fortification 244
Remarks, and general rules 244
Capacity of field works 245
To find the quantity of earth for parapets, and
banquettes 245
To find, rapidly, ditto, ditto 245
To compute the content of the ditch 245
To find the breadth of the ditch 245
Construction of field works 246
The redan. The lunette. The square redoubt. The
pentagonal redoubt. The hexagonal redoubt. The
circular redoubt. The star fort. The field fort with
bastions, and half bastions 246
The bridge head, or tête du pont 247
Lines. Bridges. Passages. Traverses 247
Table—Dimensions of parapets, ditches, &c., of field
works 248
Simple methods of tracing field works on the ground. 249
Square redoubt. Pentagonal redoubt. Hexagonal
redoubt. Octagonal redoubt. Front of fortification
PA RT X .
BRIDGES, AND PONTOONS.—SCALING LADDERS.
Bridges.—To find number of planks to form a float 250
To find number of casks to form a raft 250
To find the number of Boats, or Pontoons
required to support a given weight 250
Pontoons.—Large pontoons 251
Small pontoons 252
Scaling Ladders 253
PA RT X I .
FIREWORKS.
Candles, Roman, Blue. Crackers 254
Earthquake, artificial. Fires of various colours. Wildfire.
Gerbes 255
Iron filings. Iron sand 256
Leaders. Marroons. Mealing gunpowder. Paste for
representing animals 257
Portfires for illuminations. Rain, gold, or silver.
Rockets, line 258
Rockets, signal 259
Saltpetre pulverized 260
Serpents, or squibs. Shells. Showers of fire 261
Speckie. Spur fire. Suns, or wheels 262
Touch paper. Wheels, pin, or Catherine 264
PA RT X I I .
MATHEMATICS.
Characters, Marks, or Signs 265
Reduction 265
Rule of Three, or Simple Proportion 266
Fractions 267
Reduction 268
Addition. Subtraction. Multiplication. Division 269
Rule of Three 270
Decimals.—Addition 270
Subtraction. Multiplication. Division 271
Reduction 272
Rule of Three 273
Duodecimals 273
Tables of Weights, and Measures; English, and
French 274
Involution, or Raising of powers 277
Evolution, or Extracting roots 277
Table of Squares, Cubes, and Roots 280
Piling of Shot, and Shells 281
To find the number of balls in a complete pile 281
number of balls in any pile, base not
exceeding 21 282
in an incomplete pile 283
Table for computing the content of piles 284
Cordage.—To find weight, and strength of a rope 285
Chains.—To find the weight of chains 285
To find the weight that may be lifted by a chain 286
Iron Rods.—To find the weight of round, and square
iron rods 286
To find the weight that may be sustained,
or lifted, by round iron rods 286
Timber.—To find the area of a plank 287
content of timber 287
weight of a tree 287
Tonnage.—Table of tonnage, and weight of carriages 288
To ascertain the tonnage of Sailing vessels 289
of Steam vessels 289
Mechanics.—Mechanical powers 290
The Lever 291
The Wheel, and Axle 292
The Pulley. Tackles 293
Combination of pulleys 294
The inclined plane 295
The Wedge. The Screw 296
Compound machines 297
Friction. Unguents 298
Transverse strength of materials 299
Adhesion of Nails, and Screws 300
Trigonometry.—Definitions 301
Methods of resolving Triangles 301
Useful theorems, and corollaries 302
Trigonometry without logarithms 303
Trigonometric ratios. Natural sines, and cosines 304
Application of trigonometry without logarithms 305
Table,—showing the reduction in feet, &c., upon 100
feet, at angles of elevation, and depression 306
Table, showing the rate of inclination of inclined
planes, for angles of elevation 307
Surveying, and Reconnoitring.—Heights, and
Distances 307
Methods of ascertaining Heights 307
1. By means of a pocket sextant 307
2. ” a portable barometer, and
thermometer 308
3. ” the Reconnoitring protractor 308
4. By the shadow of the object 310
5. Where there is no shadow 310
6. By the tangent scale of a gun 310
7. By means of two pickets 310
Methods of ascertaining Distances 311
1. By means of the sextant 311
2. ” a pocket sextant 311
3. ” the prismatic compass 312
4. ” the Reconnoitring protractor 312
312–
5. 6, 7, & 8. Pickets
4
9. ” the tangent scale of a gun 314
10. ” the peak of a cap 314
11. ” the report of fire-arms 314
To traverse Roads—
By means of the Reconnoitring protractor, or other
instrument 315
Sound.—Velocity of, &c. 315
To ascertain the distance, by the report of
fire-arms 316
Gravity 316
Specific gravities of bodies 317
To find the magnitude, weight, or specific gravity of a
body, or a fluid 318
Quantities of two ingredients in a compound 319
Diameter of a sphere, or globule 319
Table showing the weight of a cubic foot of materials 319
Motion, Forces, etc. Body 319
Density. Velocity. Momentum. Force. Gravity 320
Momentum. Amplitude. Time of flight. Time of
descent 321
Practical Geometry. Definitions 322
To divide a line into two equal parts. To bisect an angle 324
To erect a perpendicular. To let fall a perpendicular 324
To draw a line parallel to a given line 324
To divide an angle 324
To find the centre of a circle 325
To describe an equilateral triangle, a square 325
To inscribe a square in a circle 325
” an octagon in a circle 325
On a line to describe all the polygons 325
To inscribe in a circle an equilateral triangle 325
” a hexagon, or a dodecagon 326
To inscribe a pentagon, hexagon, or decagon, in a
circle 326
To find the angles at the centre, and circumference of
a polygon 326
To inscribe a polygon in a circle 326
To circumscribe a circle about a triangle, or a square 327
” a square about a circle 327
To reduce a Map, or Plan 327
Mensuration of Planes 327
To find the area of a parallelogram 327
” of a triangle 328
” of a trapezium, or of a trapezoid 329
” of an irregular figure 329
” of a figure, having a part bounded by a 329
curve
To measure long irregular figures 330
To find the number of square acres, &c. in preceding
figures 330
” the area of a regular polygon 330
” diameter, and circumference of a circle 331
” the area of a circle 331
” the area of a circular ring 332
” the length of any arc 332
” the area of a sector 332
” of a segment, of a semicircle 333
” of an ellipsis, of a parabola, &c. 333
Mensuration of Solids.—Definitions 334
To find the superficies of a prism, or cylinder 334
” surface of a pyramid, or cone 335
” surface of the frustrum of a pyramid, or cone 335
” solid content of a prism, or cylinder 335
” content of the solid part of a hollow cylinder 336
” solidity of the frustrum of a cylinder 336
” content of a pyramid, or cone 336
” solidity of the frustrum of a cone, or pyramid 336
” surface of a sphere, or any segment 337
” solidity of a sphere, or globe 337
” ” hemisphere 337
” solid content of a spherical segment 337
” diameter of a sphere 338
” weight of an iron shot 338
” weight of a leaden ball 338
” diameter of an iron shot 338
” diameter of a leaden ball 339
” weight of an iron shell 339
” quantity of powder a shell will contain 339
” size of a cubical box to contain powder 340
” quantity of powder to fill the chamber of a
mortar, 340
or howitzer
” quantity of powder to fill a rectangular box 340
” quantity of powder to fill a cylinder 340
” size of a shell to contain a given weight of
341
powder
” length of a cylinder, or bore of a gun to be
filled by a 341
given weight of powder
To find the content, and weight of a piece of ordnance 341
” content of a cask 341
Epitome of Mensuration 342
Of the Circle; Cylinder; Sphere, &c. 342
Of the Square; Rectangle; Cube, &c. 343
Table of the Surfaces, and Solidities of bodies 344
Of Triangles; Polygons, &c. 344
Table of the Areas of regular Polygons 345
Of Ellipses; Cones; Frustrums, &c. 345
PUBLICATIONS,
REFERRED TO, OR EXTRACTED FROM.