International

TOPIC: PAGE:

CAN & ENDS: METAL EXPOSURE COPPER 33

SULFATE METHOD
BOOK: SECTION: EFFECTIVE DATE: REVISION:
PEPSICO BEVERAGES
INTERNATIONAL ANALYTICAL METHODS PACKAGING JANUARY 1, NA
1998JULY 30, 2005

ANALYTICAL METHODS DRAFT

METAL EXPOSURE COPPER SULFATE METHOD

16. Packaging: Can & Ends: Metal Exposure Copper Sulfate

Method

Purpose
To visually observe metal exposed areas on the can body or ends due to inadequate
enamel coverage or scratching. This test is a confirmation of the enamel rating test.
Metal exposure increases the risk of objectionable metal pick-up taste in the
beverage or corrosion of the can.
This visual inspection of cans and ends, along with the enamel rater test, provides a
useful means in evaluating incoming materials, and in identifying problem areas in
filled canned goods.

Process Flowchart
 International
TOPIC: PAGE:

CAN & ENDS: METAL EXPOSURE COPPER 34

SULFATE METHOD
BOOK: SECTION: EFFECTIVE DATE: REVISION:
PEPSICO BEVERAGES
INTERNATIONAL ANALYTICAL METHODS PACKAGING JANUARY 1, NA
1998JULY 30, 2005

ANALYTICAL METHODS DRAFT

METAL EXPOSURE COPPER SULFATE METHOD

Weigh 700 g of water

Add 100 g HCl

Weigh 700 g of water

Add 200 g copper sulfate

Add 100 g HCl

Contact cans or ends for 1
Add 200 g copper sulfate
minute in copper sulfate
solution

Contact cans or ends for 1

minute in copper sulfate Rinse with water
solution

Inspect with magnifying

Rinse with water
glass

Inspect with magnifying

glass Determine if copper colored
areas are present

Determine if copper colored

areas are present Record data
 International
TOPIC: PAGE:

CAN & ENDS: METAL EXPOSURE COPPER 35

SULFATE METHOD
BOOK: SECTION: EFFECTIVE DATE: REVISION:
PEPSICO BEVERAGES
INTERNATIONAL ANALYTICAL METHODS PACKAGING JANUARY 1, NA
1998JULY 30, 2005

ANALYTICAL METHODS DRAFT

METAL EXPOSURE COPPER SULFATE METHOD
Principle of Operation
Exposed metal will react with the copper sulfate solution and change color, which
can be detected with visual inspection.

Equipment
 1000 ml gGlass or pPlastic bBeaker
 Magnifying gGlass
 Balance, 3000 gram capacity with 0.1 gram accuracy
 Sealable plastic bottles
 Stirring rod or magnetic stir plate
 Certified wWeights, for balance calibration

Reagents / Chemicals
 Copper sSulfate cCrystals
 Concentrated hHydrochloric aAcid (HCl)
 Distilled wWater

Equipment Preparation
 Ensure balance is calibrated
 Ensure glassware is clean
 International
TOPIC: PAGE:

CAN & ENDS: METAL EXPOSURE COPPER 36

SULFATE METHOD
BOOK: SECTION: EFFECTIVE DATE: REVISION:
PEPSICO BEVERAGES
INTERNATIONAL ANALYTICAL METHODS PACKAGING JANUARY 1, NA
1998JULY 30, 2005

ANALYTICAL METHODS DRAFT

METAL EXPOSURE COPPER SULFATE METHOD
Copper Sulfate Solution Preparation
1. Weigh 700 grams of distilled water into the 1000 ml beaker.
2. Carefully weigh 100 grams of concentrated hydrochloric acid and add very
slowly to the distilled water in the beaker.

CAUTION: ALWAYS ADD ACID TO WATER TO AVOID SPLATTERING.

WEAR PROTECTIVE CLOTHING AND EYE PROTECTIVE GLASSES.

3. Weigh 200 grams of copper sulfate and add to the hydrochloric/water

solution. Stir slowly to completely and thoroughly dissolve the copper
sulfate.
4. The solution should be stored in a sealable plastic bottle and can be reused
after each test. Fresh solution should be prepared each week.
 International
TOPIC: PAGE:

CAN & ENDS: METAL EXPOSURE COPPER 37

SULFATE METHOD
BOOK: SECTION: EFFECTIVE DATE: REVISION:
PEPSICO BEVERAGES
INTERNATIONAL ANALYTICAL METHODS PACKAGING JANUARY 1, NA
1998JULY 30, 2005

ANALYTICAL METHODS DRAFT

METAL EXPOSURE COPPER SULFATE METHOD
Test Procedure: Cans
1. Check the can interior by filling the can to the brim with

copper sulfate solution. Allow the solution to remain in contact with

the can for one minute.
2. Empty out the copper sulfate solution and rinse the can with water,
drain the container. Do not wipe the can dry.
3. With the magnifying glass, carefully examine the interior of the can for
any copper colored areas. Record results.
4. Discard all cans which have been tested.

Test Procedure: Can Ends

1. Immerse can end in copper sulfate solution for one minute.

2. Rinse solution off with water.

3. With the magnifying glass, carefully examine end for copper colored
areas. Record results.
4. Discard all ends which have been tested.

Testing Frequency
 As needed
 International
TOPIC: PAGE:

CAN & ENDS: METAL EXPOSURE COPPER 38

SULFATE METHOD
BOOK: SECTION: EFFECTIVE DATE: REVISION:
PEPSICO BEVERAGES
INTERNATIONAL ANALYTICAL METHODS PACKAGING JANUARY 1, NA
1998JULY 30, 2005

ANALYTICAL METHODS DRAFT

METAL EXPOSURE COPPER SULFATE METHOD

Sanitation
 Clean all glassware after use

Maintenance
 Maintain balance per manufacturer’s instructions

Troubleshooting
If exposed metal on either cans or ends is detected, do not use the lot for production.
Contact the supplier immediately to determine the cause of the problem.
 International
TOPIC: PAGE:

CAN & ENDS: METAL EXPOSURE COPPER 39

SULFATE METHOD
BOOK: SECTION: EFFECTIVE DATE: REVISION:
PEPSICO BEVERAGES
INTERNATIONAL ANALYTICAL METHODS PACKAGING JANUARY 1, NA
1998JULY 30, 2005

ANALYTICAL METHODS DRAFT

METAL EXPOSURE COPPER SULFATE METHOD
Equipment
Weigh 700 g of water

Add 100 g HCl

Add 200 g copper sulfate

Contact cans or ends for 1

minute in copper sulfate
solution

Rinse with water

Inspect with magnifying

glass

Determine if copper colored

areas are present

Record data
 1000 ml glass or plastic beaker
 Magnifying glass
 Balance, 3000 gram capacity with 0.1 gram accuracy
 Sealable plastic bottles
 Stirring rod or magnetic stir plate
 Certified weights, for balance calibration

Reagents / Chemicals
 Copper sulfate crystals
 Concentrated hydrochloric acid (HCl)
 Distilled water

Equipment Preparation
 Ensure balance is calibrated
Ensure glassware is cle
 International
TOPIC: PAGE:

CAN & ENDS: METAL EXPOSURE COPPER 40

SULFATE METHOD
BOOK: SECTION: EFFECTIVE DATE: REVISION:
PEPSICO BEVERAGES
INTERNATIONAL ANALYTICAL METHODS PACKAGING JANUARY 1, NA
1998JULY 30, 2005

ANALYTICAL METHODS DRAFT

METAL EXPOSURE COPPER SULFATE METHOD

an

Copper Sulfate Solution Preparation

1. Weigh 700 grams of distilled water into the 1000 ml beaker.
2. Carefully weigh 100 grams of concentrated hydrochloric acid and add very slowly to the distilled water
in the beaker.

CAUTION: ALWAYS ADD ACID TO WATER TO AVOID SPLATTERING.

WEAR PROTECTIVE CLOTHING AND EYE PROTECTIVE GLASSES.

3. Weigh 200 grams of copper sulfate and add to the hydrochloric/water solution. Stir slowly to
completely and thoroughly dissolve the copper sulfate.
4. The solution should be stored in a sealable plastic bottle and can be reused after each test. Fresh
solution should be prepared each week.

Test Procedure: Cans

1. Check the can interior by filling the can to the brim with copper sulfate solution. Allow the
solution to remain in contact with the can for one minute.
2. Empty out the copper sulfate solution and rinse the can with water, drain the container. Do
not wipe the can dry.
3. With the magnifying glass, carefully examine the interior of the can for any copper colored
areas. Record results.
4. Discard all cans which have been tested.

Test Procedure: Can Ends

1. Immerse can end in copper sulfate solution for one minute.
2. Rinse solution off with water.
3. With the magnifying glass, carefully examine end for copper colored areas. Record results.
4. Discard all ends which have been tested.
 International
TOPIC: PAGE:

CAN & ENDS: METAL EXPOSURE COPPER 41

SULFATE METHOD
BOOK: SECTION: EFFECTIVE DATE: REVISION:
PEPSICO BEVERAGES
INTERNATIONAL ANALYTICAL METHODS PACKAGING JANUARY 1, NA
1998JULY 30, 2005

ANALYTICAL METHODS DRAFT

METAL EXPOSURE COPPER SULFATE METHOD