HEATING AND

COOLING DOWN

Team 4 : Umair
Credit M.Usman Nisar 7-Yellow
Tanveer [L],M.Usman
Nisar, Syed M.Auliya
Bukhari 7-yellow
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What are the extreme temperatures in

Pakistan?
Hottest temperature: In summer, at the extreme,
Jacobabad, Sindh hit about a record of 50 degrees
Celsius or 122 degrees Fahrenheit.
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Why do extreme temperatures pose a threat to

people?

Excessive heat can result ins dehydration and

heatstroke, while excessive cold can lead to frostbite
and hypothermia. Extreme temperatures pose risks to
infrastructure, including roads, pipes, and buildings.
Additionally, agriculture can be negatively affected
by these temperatures, leading to harm to crops and
animals and potentially resulting in food shortages.
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What are the different scales in which

temperatures are recorded?
Here is a list of different scales in which
temperature is recorded in

Celsius (°C)
Fahrenheit (°F)
Kelvin (K)
Rankine (°R)
Delisle (°D)
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Which materials absorb or release the most

heat?
Water: Water has a high capacity for absorbing and releasing
heat, making it a common substance for moderating temperature
changes.
Concrete: Widely used in construction, concrete has a relatively
high ability to absorb and retain heat.
Brick: Similar to concrete, brick has a significant capacity for
absorbing and releasing heat.
Aluminum: This metal has a relatively high heat capacity,
allowing it to absorb and release heat effectively.
Copper: Like aluminum, copper is known for its ability to absorb
and release heat, making it valuable for various applications,
including in heat exchangers and cookware.
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How can we calculate the amount of heat transfer

through different materials?

To calculate materials that conduct heat, we can

use the formula:
Q = -k * A * (dT/dx)
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What formulas are required for temperature

conversions from one scale to another?

Fahrenheit °F = 1.8°C + 32°

Celsius °C =5/9(°F-32°)

Rankine °R = 1.8K + 0.6° °R = °F + 460°

Kelvin K =5/9(°R-0.6°) K = °C + 273°

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Prepare a list of appliances in your homes that involve a

computer.

Here is a list of items that use a computer

Smart TV
Smart Refrigerator
Home Security System
Smart Washing Machine
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How can we write a computer program to convert temperature

readings from one scale to the other?

This is a C program that prompts the user to enter a

temperature value in Celsius, converts it to Fahrenheit
using the conversion formula Fahrenheit = (Celsius * 1.8) +
32, and displays the result to the console