HUBS191 Lecture Material

This pre-lecture material is to help you

prepare for the lecture and to assist your
note-taking within the lecture,
it is NOT a substitute for the lecture !
!

Please note that although every effort is made to ensure this pre-lecture
material corresponds to the live-lecture there may be differences / additions.
 HUBS 191
Lecture 9

Joint classification
Synovial joints-structures

1
 Objectives

• By the end of this lecture you should be able

to:

• Define the three types of joints in the

musculoskeletal system

• Describe the structures of synovial joints and

explain how this contributes to movement.

2
 A: Fibrous joints

• Tissue=DFCT

• Structure=Ligament

• Function=Limited
movement/stability

• Eg; cranial suture

Netter, Atlas of Human Anatomy, 2004!

3
• e.g. Distal tibiofibula joint

Anatomy Resource Collection, University of Otago, 2011!

4
 B: Cartilaginous joints

• Some movement

• Tissue=Fibrocartilage

• Special functions and

various structures

• Eg; intervertebral disc

(structure); pubic
symphysis (joint)

Anatomy Teaching Resources, University of Otago, 2011!

5
C: Synovial joints

• Free-moving
• Most limb joints

Martini & Nath, Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology, 8th Edn, 2009!
6
 Structure of synovial joints

• Complex association
of tissues and
structures
• Facilitation of free
movement AND
control of movement

Saladin, Anatomy & Physiology, 3rd Edn, 2004!

7
 Synovial joint features
• Bone ends determine
the range of motion at
a joint
• Hip vs knee

Anatomy Resource Collection, University of Otago, 2011! 8

• Articular cartilage

• Covers bone ends where

they articulate AND move
over each other

• Subchondral bone is
smooth

Patton & Thibodeau, Anatomy & Physiology, 7th Edn, 2010!

Anatomy Resource Collection, University of Otago, 2011! 9

• Ligaments (DFCT)

• 1: capsular ligament
Ø Hold bones together
Ø Tight and thick
where more support
is required – loose
on sides where
movement is
allowed
Ø Potential space/
cavity

Saladin, Anatomy & Physiology, 3rd Edn, 2004!

10
• Synovial membrane lines the
inner surface of the capsule

• Secretes synovial fluid

=lubrication of joint

Anatomy Resource Collection, University of Otago, 2011!

Saladin, Anatomy & Physiology, 3rd Edn, 2004!

11
• Capsular ligaments
Ø Thickenings of capsule
where more support is
required

• Collateral ligaments of
knee
Ø Medial restricts
abduction
Ø Lateral restricts
adduction

Anatomy Resource Collection, University of Otago, 2011!

12
• Ligaments

• 2: Intracapsular
Ø Restricts
movement between
bones
Ø Cruciate ligaments

Ø Arise from tibia and

insert into femur
Ø Anterior Cruciate
restricts ---------?
displacement of
femur
Ø Posterior cruciate
restricts ---------?
displacement femur Anatomy Resource Collection, University of Otago, 2011!

13
 Fibrocartilaginous menisci

• Knee

Anatomy Resource Collection, University of Otago, 2011!

14
Fibrous and Synovial!
cartilaginous!

Anatomy Teaching Resources, University of Otago, 2011!

15
 BIOLOGICAL  ANTHROPOLOGY  
Department  of  Anatomy  

• Biology  of  humans  from  an  anthropological  

perspec4ve-­‐  skeletal  biology,  evolu4onary  medicine,  
prehistoric  socie4es,  ancient  and  modern  DNA  
• BIOA  101-­‐  NEW!!!  S2  op4onal  8th  paper  for  HSFY  
• BIOA  201-­‐  S1  (also  taught  in  Summer  School)  
• BIOA  301-­‐  S1  
• Postgraduate  
• Complements  all  biomedical  sciences  (incl  forensics)  
and  humani4es.    
16
End of lecture 9

Bye bye Hallie- hello Louise Parr-Brownlie

Please don’t forget to do your teaching

evaluation of my lectures!!

17
 HUBS191
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