CSI3011 – COMPUTER GRAPHICS AND MULTIMEDIA

LAB ASSESSMENT – 3

Name: DevaDharshini.P

Reg.No: 20MIC0162

Implement the following Algorithms in Python/ C and get the one-

dimensional primitives as output.
1. Draw a 3D object like a cube, rectangular box, triangular pyramid,
square pyramid, etc. (2)
CODE:
import numpy as np

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d.art3d import Poly3DCollection

def draw_pyramid(vertices, ax, color='r', alpha=0.5, label=''):

edges = [[vertices[j] for j in [0, 1, 2]],

[vertices[j] for j in [0, 1, 3]],

[vertices[j] for j in [1, 2, 3]],

[vertices[j] for j in [2, 0, 3]]]

poly3d = Poly3DCollection(edges, alpha=alpha, linewidths=1, edgecolors=color)

poly3d.set_facecolor([0.5, 0.5, 1, alpha])

ax.add_collection3d(poly3d)

ax.scatter3D(vertices[:, 0], vertices[:, 1], vertices[:, 2], color=color, label=label)

ax.set_xlabel('X')

ax.set_ylabel('Y')

ax.set_zlabel('Z')
 # De ine the vertices of the triangular pyramid

vertices = np.array([[0, 0, 0], # Vertex 0

[1, 0, 0], # Vertex 1

[0.5, np.sqrt(3)/2, 0], # Vertex 2

[0.5, np.sqrt(3)/6, np.sqrt(6)/3]]) # Vertex 3 (apex)

# Plotting the original triangular pyramid

ig = plt. igure()

ax = ig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')

ax.set_title('Original Triangular Pyramid')

draw_pyramid(vertices, ax, color='r', alpha=0.1, label='Original')

ax.legend()

plt.show()

OUTPUT:
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 2. Perform 3D transformation on the drawn object (3)
CODE:
def translate(vertices, tx, ty, tz):

T = np.array([[1, 0, 0, tx],

[0, 1, 0, ty],

[0, 0, 1, tz],

[0, 0, 0, 1]])

vertices_homogeneous = np.c_[vertices, np.ones(len(vertices))]

translated_vertices = vertices_homogeneous.dot(T.T)

return translated_vertices[:, :3]

# Plotting the original and translated triangular pyramid

ig = plt. igure()

ax = ig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')

ax.set_title('Original and Translated Triangular Pyramid')

draw_pyramid(vertices, ax, color='r', alpha=0.1, label='Original')

translated_vertices = translate(vertices, 1, 1, 1)

draw_pyramid(translated_vertices, ax, color='g', alpha=0.1, label='Translated')

ax.legend()

plt.show()
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OUTPUT:
 3. Perform 3D scaling with respect to pivot point of the drawn object
(3)
CODE:
def scale(vertices, sx, sy, sz, pivot):

S = np.array([[sx, 0, 0, 0],

[0, sy, 0, 0],

[0, 0, sz, 0],

[0, 0, 0, 1]])

pivot_homogeneous = np.append(pivot, 1)
vertices_homogeneous = np.c_[vertices, np.ones(len(vertices))]

scaled_vertices = (vertices_homogeneous - pivot_homogeneous).dot(S.T) +

pivot_homogeneous

return scaled_vertices[:, :3]

pivot_point = np.mean(vertices, axis=0) # Calculate the centroid of the triangular

pyramid

# Plotting the original and scaled triangular pyramid

ig = plt. igure()

ax = ig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')

ax.set_title('Original and Scaled Triangular Pyramid')

draw_pyramid(vertices, ax, color='r', alpha=0.1, label='Original')

scaled_vertices = scale(vertices, 2, 2, 2, pivot_point)

draw_pyramid(scaled_vertices, ax, color='b', alpha=0.1, label='Scaled')

ax.legend()

plt.show()
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OUTPUT:
 4. Perform the 3D rotation concerning the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis on
the drawn 3D object. (2)
CODE:
def rotate_x(vertices, angle, pivot):

R = np.array([[1, 0, 0, 0],

[0, np.cos(angle), -np.sin(angle), 0],

[0, np.sin(angle), np.cos(angle), 0],

[0, 0, 0, 1]])

pivot_homogeneous = np.append(pivot, 1)
vertices_homogeneous = np.c_[vertices, np.ones(len(vertices))]

rotated_vertices = (vertices_homogeneous - pivot_homogeneous).dot(R.T) +

pivot_homogeneous

return rotated_vertices[:, :3]

# Plotting the original and rotated triangular pyramid around X axis

ig = plt. igure()

ax = ig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')

ax.set_title('Original and Rotated Triangular Pyramid around X')

draw_pyramid(vertices, ax, color='r', alpha=0.1, label='Original')

rotated_vertices_x = rotate_x(vertices, np.pi/4, pivot_point)

draw_pyramid(rotated_vertices_x, ax, color='g', alpha=0.1, label='Rotated X')

ax.legend()

plt.show()

def rotate_y(vertices, angle, pivot):

R = np.array([[np.cos(angle), 0, np.sin(angle), 0],

[0, 1, 0, 0],

[-np.sin(angle), 0, np.cos(angle), 0],

[0, 0, 0, 1]])

pivot_homogeneous = np.append(pivot, 1)
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 vertices_homogeneous = np.c_[vertices, np.ones(len(vertices))]

rotated_vertices = (vertices_homogeneous - pivot_homogeneous).dot(R.T) +

pivot_homogeneous

return rotated_vertices[:, :3]

# Plotting the original and rotated triangular pyramid around Y axis

ig = plt. igure()

ax = ig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')

ax.set_title('Original and Rotated Triangular Pyramid around Y')

draw_pyramid(vertices, ax, color='r', alpha=0.1, label='Original')

rotated_vertices_y = rotate_y(vertices, np.pi/4, pivot_point)

draw_pyramid(rotated_vertices_y, ax, color='b', alpha=0.1, label='Rotated Y')

ax.legend()

plt.show()

def rotate_z(vertices, angle, pivot):

R = np.array([[np.cos(angle), -np.sin(angle), 0, 0],

[np.sin(angle), np.cos(angle), 0, 0],

[0, 0, 1, 0],

[0, 0, 0, 1]])

pivot_homogeneous = np.append(pivot, 1)

vertices_homogeneous = np.c_[vertices, np.ones(len(vertices))]

rotated_vertices = (vertices_homogeneous - pivot_homogeneous).dot(R.T) +

pivot_homogeneous

return rotated_vertices[:, :3]

# Plotting the original and rotated triangular pyramid around Z axis

ig = plt. igure()

ax = ig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')

ax.set_title('Original and Rotated Triangular Pyramid around Z')

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draw_pyramid(vertices, ax, color='r', alpha=0.1, label='Original')

rotated_vertices_z = rotate_z(vertices, np.pi/4, pivot_point)

draw_pyramid(rotated_vertices_z, ax, color='m', alpha=0.1, label='Rotated Z')

ax.legend()

plt.show()

OUTPUT: