AMSCO Unit 8

Name:__Chuck W________Date:___4//4/24_Class: 1
APWH|Unit 8 “Cold War and Decolonization”

Directions: For each reading section define the important vocabulary words and answer the reading questions that
follow using specific details. It is imperative that you complete your readings thoughtfully and independently.
Students who do not do their reading will not do well in this course.
Vocabulary for Section 8.1-8.2

Key term/event Significance
The “Big Three” Name given to GB, US, Soviet Union. After the war to show how they were the leading
powers. This is significant because the decisions of the “great 3” were often many of the
decisions that would impact the world the most.
The Tehran The Allies agreed that the Soviets would free Eastern Europe, while the allies would focus on
Conference Western Europe. The allies also gave USSR some Polish land. Significant because this was
the first annual meeting of world leaders talking about the post-war scenario.
The Yalta The leaders focused on plans for reconstructing Eastern Europe and for defeating Japan. The
Conference allies stressed free elections and the soviet help in Japan, while the soviets wanted eastern
territory. In the end, soviets got the territory and pledged to help America against Japan.
Significant because this was the start of a US soviet conflict that was brewing.
The Potsdam The objectives at Potsdam had been the same as Yalta. (free elections). The soviets got their
Conference control of East Europe, but no free elections. Significant because By this time, tensions were
higher and it set the stage for the cold war.
Superpowers A term given to a country with very strong strength militarily and economically. Significant
because the cold war (this unit) was “fought” between two global superpowers.
Cold War A war fought without war or violence. It was a “war” between the US and USSR on their
ideologies, economic and militaristic strength. This is significant because of how it shaped
the world of the 21st century.
Hydrogen Bomb An even deadlier version of the atomic bomb. It was developed during the US-Soviet arms
race. Significant because it just made the risk of all out world war much larger and only
worsened the cold war tensions.
Military- the informal alliance between the government and defense contractors. Significant because
industrial this allowed many Military-industrial complexes to gain lots of power during the cold war.
complex
Self- the idea that each country should choose its own form of government and leaders.
determination Significant because this idea is what led many large empires like Britain and France to
crumble after WW2.
United Nations The UN was a global meeting of world leaders, similar to the League of Nations. This was
significant because it ushered in a new sense of “world peace”, under the Americans after
the Cold War.
Iron Curtain A term coined by Churchill which essentially symbolized the ideological “barrier” between
East and West Europe. Significant because this was literally a representation of the cold war
between US and Soviets.
Satellite Small states that are economically or politically dependent on a larger, more powerful
Countries state. This is significant because this is what both the US and soviets did during the cold war
to establish their world influence.
World A belief that organized workers would overthrow capitalism in all countries. Significant
Revolution because this is what the Soviets used to combat capitalism, stating how their ideology was
superior.
Containment US method of combating communism. They tried to stop communism from spreading even
more. This heavily influenced the Truman Doctrine, which stated the US would do what it
had too to stop communism. Significant because this was a necessary move by the US to
spread their influence.
The Marshall A economic plan by the US to rebuild Europe into a prosperous and stable region, to stop
Plan communist revolutions. Significant because it painted the US better in the peoples
perspective by rebuilding Europe.
Space Race A race between the two nations to see who could make the most achievements in space.
The US won by landing Neil Armstrong on the moon. This was significant because it officially
marked US predominance and the fall of the Soviets.
Name:_Chuck W___________Date:4/4/24__Class:_WH
Section 8.1: Setting the Stage for the Cold War and Decolonization
Objective Key Developments
Explain the Bringing the War to an End

historical Who was in the “Big Three”?
context of the Britain, US, USSR
Cold War after There were three meetings after WWII between the “Big Three”. Describe what occurred in
1945. each of the meetings:
Tehran Conference Yalta Conference The Potsdam Conference
The Allies agreed that The leaders focused on plans for The objectives at Potsdam
the Soviets would free reconstructing Eastern Europe and had been the same as
Eastern Europe, while for defeating Japan. The allies Yalta. (free elections). The
the allies would focus stressed free elections and the soviets got their control of
on Western Europe. soviet help in Japan, while the East Europe, but no free
The allies also gave soviets wanted eastern territory. In elections. By this time,
USSR some Polish the end, soviets got the territory tensions were higher and
land. and pledged to help america set the stage for the cold
against Japan. war.
Explain how these meetings could “set the stage” for the Cold War.
These meetings set the stage for the cold war because of the inherent conflicts between
countries. Because the conferences failed to settle key issues, the stage for a cold war was
set.
Shifting Balance of Power
Why were Europe and Asia not leaders after WWII. What did a lot of countries “flee” to?
They were not leaders because the lands were heavily ravaged by war, so they could not
become leaders. This led to many countries fleeing to the US and Soviet Union.
Which major countries were devastated the most? What did countries like France and Great
Britain lose during the war?
Worst hit were the Soviet Union, Poland, and Germany. Each lost between 10 and 20 percent
of its population. France and Great Britain lost people, but they most importantly lost their
influence
What were 3 factors that positioned the United States to become one of the most powerful
countries in the world in the aftermath of WWII?
1. industrial base and infrastructure remained intact - US mainland untouched
2. Atomic weapons
3. Big tech developments in WW2
Advances During the War

What were some of the advancements in universities in the US that were invented during the
wartime period?
Air pressure systems for airplane cabins, refrigeration for food, stronger plywood for
construction, penicillin, and a variety of plastics for many uses.
The Start of the Cold War
There were obvious tensions between the Soviet Union and the US, but why would they not
fight each other militarily?
The costs of war were to high
What did they do instead? What did they both create?
They settled into a cold war, a conflict that does not involve direct military confrontation
between two or more rival states.
Breakdown of Empires
What did many of the colonies of major countries believe in after WWII and during the Cold
War?
They believed that they should have independence, and as the colonizers were fighting the
war, anti-colonial efforts increased.
Which two empires crumbled? What was the result of their crumbling?
Austria Hungary and the Ottomans crumbled because of the massive costs of world war1 on
them, which led to them being split up.
Foundations for dismantling of colonial empires:
 In the colonized world, movements for__self determination___________ grew.
Often they included both advocates for ____greater self rule____ and proponents of
_full independence.
 World War II had so weakened ____Britain______ and __France___, and the other
colonial powers that they had fewer resources to resist independence.
 The Cold War between the US and the Society Union gave ___anti colonial
activists_____ two superpowers to recruit as supporters.
Multiple Choice Questions at the end of the Section: Answer the question set of the multiple choice
questions. Next to the number below, write down the question, HIGHLIGHT or BOLD the correct letter
answer, write the answer and EXPLAIN WHY IT IS THE CORRECT ANSWER and/or why the other ones are
wrong.
1 The data in the chart best supports which of the following claims"
A The Soviet Union was primarily responsible for the escalation of the arms race in the 150s and 160.
B The Soviet Union and the United States usually had about the same number of nuclear weapons.
C The Soviet Union was behind in stockpiling weapons until about 1980, when it overtook the United State
in the number of weapons. - the graph shows this. Between 1975 and 1985, the Soviets surpassed America.
D The Soviet Union conceded defeat in the arms race when the United States had a large enough lead in
the number of weapons.
2. Who predicted that increases in weapons stockpiles in the Soviet Union and the United States would have
significant political and economic consequences"
A President Franklin Roosevelt at the Yalta Conference - this is wrong because FDR was dead after the
bomb was invented.
B Several leaders of anti-colonial movements after World War II - this is wrong because it had little to no
impact on them.
C President Dwight Eisenhower, who described a military-industrial complex
D President Harry Truman, who insisted on free elections for Eastern European countries - this has
nothing to do with the political and economic effects of nukes.
3. Which accurately describes an effect of the changes shown in the table"

Both countries saw little change in their leadership as a result of the increase in the number of nuclear
weapons during this period. - this isn’t true - the soviets experienced a huge change with leadership
between each leader.
B People around the world supported the buildup of nuclear weapons and agreed it was the best way to
ensure peace. - no, this was the exact opposite of what people wanted.
C The stockpiling of nuclear weapons actually strengthened the economies of both the United States and
the Soviet Union. - this is also untrue, the stockpiling devastated the economies.
D The arms race was distressing to many around the world, and a strong antinuclear movement was
established.
Short Answer Question Responses

Write the question in the box.
List any information that would help you to craft a well informed response.
AMSCO Identify ONE way in which hopes Explain ONE historical Explain ONE way in which
8.1 for self-government after World development that contributed to economic gains
Question War I differed from hopes for self- the dissolution of empires after contributed to a shift in
2 government after World War II. World War II the global balance of
1) WW1 differed from WW2 in 1) The rise of nationalistic power after World War II.
that Hopes for greater self- sentiment contributed to 1)The US became the
government were largely independence movements, world superpower
unfulfilled following World War I; dissolving once large empires because of how little it
2) However, post WW2, many 2) Another factor was simply the affected it. This meant the
independence movements war itself. The defeat of US had time to develop its
actually achieved their goal countries like Japan and tech to become stronger.
Germany led to all of their 2) The USSR also did
colonies becoming either something similar, with
independent or falling into things like stalin's 5 yr
somebody else's hands. plans
Name:________________Chuck Wang_____Date:_4/7/2024__Class: APWH

Section 8.2: The Cold War

Explain the causes and Cooperation Despite Conflict: The United Nations
effects of the ideological Despite ideological differences, what did ALL the Allies agree upon?
struggle of the Cold War the Allies shared a commitment to building a new organization to promote peace and
prosperity to replace the League of Nations.
Explain why the League of Nations failed.

1) It lacked the support of various strong countries (US).
2) It did not have a mechanism for stopping small conflicts from escalating.
Rivalry in Economics and Politics

What did the “Iron Curtain” represent?
It represented the split between western and eastern Europe, as well as the ideological
difference between capitalism and communism.
A. Capitalism and Communism
Explain the key differences between the USA’s capitalism and the USSR’s communism.
Capitalism Communism
economic assets, such as farms and economic assets were owned by the
factories, were mostly owned government. This was emphasizing
privately. This meant that people could fairness between all people.
act of their own volition
Explain the key differences between the USA's democracy and the USSR’s
Authoritarianism.
Democracy Authoritarianism
The US has free elections where people The soviets do not have free elections,
get to choose who is president, etc. they don’t matter as much because of the
one party system.
Most speech is free and the government
censors little to no things The government censors the majority of
news journalism, and the only news is
controlled by the government.
Explain the similarities between the two superpowers.

Both the US and soviets had strong power. Both of them wanted to expand their
already strong power and influence to other smaller countries.
Conflicts in International Affairs

What did each side want to do? What was the result?
Each side wanted to expand its system of thought throughout the world. This
competition resulted in a long-running battle for influence over the opinions of people
and alliance with governments.
A. The USSR and Its Satellite Countries

What did the USSR make the satellite countries they had do to compete with the USA?
The Soviets made their countries follow their government system as closely as possible.
They made the countries start 5 year plans, develop industry, and develop agriculture.
What did these actions allow the USSR to exploit?

This allowed the USSR to exploit these Eastern European countries for their own
personal gain. These countries were forced to only Soviet goods to benefit the soviet
economy.
B. World Revolution
What was the threat to the USSR according to them starting in 1918?
Capitalism was the threat to soviet world power according to them 1918.
What were some of the revolutions that the USSR supported?

The Soviets supported revolutions and uprisings in Germany, Bavaria, Hungary,
northern Italy, and Bulgaria.
C. Containment
What is the policy of containment?
It was the idea of not letting communism spread further into Europe.
How did many people want to take the policy of containment “a step further”?
Many people wanted to overthrow communist regimes and use capitalism instead as a
complete replacement.
D. Truman Doctrine
What were the main ideas of the Truman Doctrine?
The main idea of the Truman doctrine was that the US would make sure that
communism doesn’t spread further west.
Where specifically did the Truman Doctrine want to be instilled in?

Specifically, Turman wanted this to be instilled in Greece and turkey to resist
communist domination, the US pledged economic and military support to prevent a
communist takeover.
E. Marshall Plan
What was the Marshall Plan?
A US economic aid plan for West Europe to rebuild and recover from world war 2. It
was essentially just a plan for “fixing Europe” after the war. I t gave $12 billion to help
every nation of Europe( Germany too). It was to modernize industry, decrease trade
barriers, and remake Europe's damaged infrastructure.
Why was the Marshall Plan created and what was it meant to stop?
It was created to stop the spread of Soviet influence into Eastern Europe, following and
using the policies of US containment. It was a plan of action by the U.S to make
economically weak countries stronger to avoid being made communist.
What did the Soviet Union also create in lieu of the Marshall Plan? What did it do?
The Soviets created the COMECON. It was much less impactful than the US Marshall
Plan, as its scope was limited compared to the Marshall plan.
The Space Race and the Arms Race

A. Space Race
What was the first artificial satellite called?
Sputnik
Who built it? What did it make the other superpower do?
The Soviets and it made the US build their own and send it to space too. (space race).
They compete in becoming the first to land on the moon and have an orbiting satellite.
B. Mutual Assured Destruction (MAD)

What did both countries figure out would happen if each of them set off their ICBM’s?
That each was equally technologically capable to cause destruction. Both would end up
losing therefore the fear of each other was enough to keep peace.
The Non-Aligned Movement

Where did many of the countries come from who wanted to stay out of the US-Soviet
Cold War?
New African/Asian countries.
Explain what they wanted.

A different structure for international economic, political, and social order without only
2 powerful houses. A structure that gave small countries more representation.
Who was a part of the Bandung Conference and what came out of it?
China, India as well as 27 other countries were all of it , They agreed in acts against
colonization. They made the Non- aligned Movement.
Explain some of the challenges the Non-Aligned Movement faced:

Some wanted to add their support for stronger international institutions with their
desires for their own agenda. Member states usually turned closely allied with 1
superpower or the other
Non-Aligned Movement Examples

Country Leader Role
India Jawaharial Nehru Was prime minister of India (1947 to 1964) seen as
one of the most important leaders at the Bandung
Conference
Ghana Kwame Nkrumah Led Ghana to independence from great Britain in
1957 Supported unity of Africans across country
boundaries by the Organization of African Unity
Turned into one of the most respected African
leaders of the postwar period
Egypt Gamal Abdel Served 3x as president, of Egypt from 1954- 1970

Nasser Aided in negotiating compromises between people
attending the Bandung Conference Backed the Pan-
Arab movement
Indonesia Sukarno First president of Indonesia in 1945 Organized and

hosted the Bandung Conference Criticized both the
U.s and the USSR but allowed large help from each
wrong.
1 What was the context in the United States in which Truman issued the statement included in the passage"
A People were increasingly supportive of a policy of open imperialism.
B People feared the spread of Soviet communism in Europe. – This is correct because the excerpt says that only the
US can provide democracy.
C People argued for a return to isolationism after the loss of so many lives in World War II.
D People were calling for the United States to actively overthrow undemocratic governments.
2. Which individual most clearly showed through thoughts or actions that he held ideas similar to those expressed by
Truman in the passage"
A U.S. diplomat George Kennan – Kennan was the one who proposed containment which inspired the Truman doctrine,
meaning they had the most similar ideas.
B U.S. Secretary of State George Marshall
C UN Secretary General Trygve Lie
D U.S. General Douglas MacArthur
3. What was the most important similarity between the comments of Truman and the Marshall Plan"
A Both emphasized military aid to prevent the spread of communism.
B Both created coalitions to finance rebuilding European infrastructure
C Both provided economic aid to rebuild nations after World War II. -Correct because that is what the Marshall
plan was
D Both required the implementation of democratic elections in order for a nation to obtain aid.
List any information that would help you to craft a well informed response.
AMSCO 8.2 Question 1 Identify the response B Explain the policy of C Explain how the arms race and
of the Soviet Union containment advocated the space race were similar.
to the Marshall Plan. by the United States after
World War II. - Both races were done by the
- The soviets - The US advocated for countries in order to assert
responded with a the containment of dominance as the world leader, in
counterplan- the end, the arms race was a tie
communism, which
COMECON,
just meant to while the US “won” the space
which was
significantly less prevent communism race.
effective but it in the USSR from
was in similar spreading further.
spirit to the
Marshall plan.
Name:_______________________________________________________________________Date:_______Class:_
_____

Vocabulary for Section 8.3
Proxy wars
Berlin Airlift
Berlin Wall
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
Warsaw Pact
Communist bloc
Domino Theory
Anti Nuclear weapons movement
Compare the ways in which the United Introduction

States and the Soviet Union sought to
maintain influence over the course of the What were some of the examples of “proxy wars.”
Cold War.
Allied Occupation of Germany
*City of Berlin split after

WWII
Explain the significance of each event:
Berlin Berlin Two Germanys Berlin
Blockade Airlift (Split between East and Wall
West)
NATO, The Warsaw Pact, and Other Alliances
Who was involved in NATO and what were the goals of it?
What was the Soviet’s response to NATO? What was created?
What is SEATO? Who was involved?
What is CENTO? Who was involved?
Proxy Wars
A. Korean War
How did the Korean War begin?
What was the UN’s response and who did they support?
How did the war end?
B. Vietnam War
What happened under US President Dwight D. Eisenhower?
What happened under US President John F. Kennedy?
What happened under US President Lyndon B. Johnson? What did

he believe in also?
C. The Bay of Pigs Crisis

 _______________________ and other Communist
revolutionaries overthrew the Cuban dictator
______________________ in 1959.
 Castro set up a ___________________.
After Cuba nationalized businesses, what was the US’s response?
After the US’s response, what did the Cuban government do?
What did JFK end up doing in response to a communist government

set up 90 miles away from the coast of Florida?
What effects did the Bay of Pigs have on US relations with Cuba?
D. The Cuban Missile Crisis

What did Nikita Khruschev do in response to the Bay of Pigs
debacle?
What was Khruschev’s rationale?
What was set up during the Cuban Missile Crisis?
Explain the significance of each:

Test-Ban Treaty Angola Contra War
Antinuclear Weapon Movement

What is it?
Who was involved in the movement?
wrong.
1
2.
3.

List any information that would help you to craft a well informed
response.
AMSCO 8.3 Question 1

Name:_______________________________________________________________________Date:_______Class:_
_____

Vocabulary for Section 8.4 & 8.5 (due with 8.5)
Land reform
Mao Zedong
Communes
Red Guards
Theocracy
The Muslim League
Charles De Gaulle
Viet Cong
Ho Chi Minh
Gamal Abdel Nasser

Suez Crisis
The “Quiet” Revolution
Name:_______________________________________________________________________Date:_______Class:_
_____

Section 8.4: Spread of Communism after 1900 CE

Explain the causes and Introduction

consequences of China’s What did most socialists or communists seek to make more of?
adoption of communism.
Most communist/socialists countries used _______________ to make this
happen.
Communism in China
A. Great Leap Forward
Describe how Mao Zedong and the communists rose to popularity in China.
What were the goals of the Great Leap Forward?
What were the results of the Great Leap Forward?
B. Cultural Revolution
What was Mao attempting to do with the Cultural Revolution?
Explain the significance of the Red Guard and reeducation camps.
C. Relations with the Soviets

Circle one: What was the relationship like between China and the USSR?
Hostile or Peaceful
What events led to this relationship?
Turmoil in Iran
Both _____________________ and ____________________ fought for
control of the area of Iran in early 20th century.
A. Foreign Influence
 Early in WWII, the Iranian leader considered supporting
_____________________
 _______________ & ________________ were determined to not let
that happen.
 They forced the leader to abdicate power to his young son,
____________________________
What ended up happening to the young Iranian leader? What did the Iranian
people see the leader as?
What was the US & British response to this event?
B. Land Reform in the White Revolution

Why was it called the White Revolution? What aspects were changed?
The most important reform dealt with __________________________.
C. The Iranian Revolution

In 1979, what signified the revolution?
After the toppling of the shah, what new government type was instituted?
What religious text was used for all law?
D. Guatemala
 A democratically elected government under _______________ in the
Central American country of Guatemala began efforts at
______________________.
 Feeling threatened, the _____________________ lobbied the US
government to remove the ____________________
 In ________________, he was overthrown
Land Reform in Asia and Africa

A. Vietnam
 During WWII, Japan occupied Vietnam, which __________ still
claimed as a colony
 At the end of the war in 1945, Vietnam
______________________from both Japan and France.
 A few people controlled most of the land
 ____________________ vowed to seize land from large landowners
B. Ethiopia
 Ethiopia was originally under _____________ occupation
 __________________ returned to power under WWII.
 Ethiopia enjoyed economic success based off of
____________________
 This led to ____________________ political and cultural reforms
 Selassie was unable to effectively implement ___________________
and his people started seeing him as a _____________________
puppet
Who ended up rising to power? What did he order? And what did he declare
the government of Ethiopia as now?
C. India
 India was under ______________________ since 1858
 Changed with the Independence movement leaded by
___________________
 In 1947, India was partitioned, creating two states
________________________ & ________________________
Create a timeline of land reform in India and Pakistan.
wrong.
2.
3.

response.
AMSCO 8.4
Question 2
Name:_______________________________________________________________________Date:_______Class:_
_____

Section 8.5: Decolonization after 1900

Compare the Introduction

processes There are basically two ways nations started to decolonize and gain independence, the first
by which various way is how India gained their independence, through _________________________.
peoples pursued
independence The second way is how Angola gained their independence and that is through
after 1900. ____________________________.
Movements for Autonomy: India and Pakistan

1. The self-rule of India began in the 19th century under the Indian National Congress
with its leader, Mohandas Gandhi.
 What were the independence tactics of the Indian National Congress?
 What did the Muslim League advocate for?
 When Britain failed to follow through on promises for more rights for Indians, what did
Indian people do? Example?
 What resulted in the division between the Muslims and the Hindus of Indian?
Decolonization in Ghana and Algeria
Leaders and Major Events and Legacy & Outcomes

Methods of Nationalist What occurred after
Independence parties/organizations that independence? What were
(Armed Struggle assisted in Independence the successes and/or
or Political struggles of the nation?
Negotiation) How have they dealt with
the legacy of colonialism?
Algeria
(France)
Ghana
(Great
Britain)
Negotiated Independence in French West Africa

1. What countries were involved in French West Africa?.
2. Why was France reluctant to give up colonies in this area?

3. What resulted in the independence movements?
Nationalism and Division in Vietnam

 Who was the Vietnamese Communist leader?
 What was the result of the Vietnamese war of independence?
 Who came into aid the French troops?
 Who were the Viet Cong?
 What resulted in the US taking over fighting in the Vietnam War?
Struggles and Compromise in Egypt
 Explain who Nasser was and what his goals were.
 Explain the Suez Crisis and the results of it.
Independence and Civil War in Nigeria

 What was the Biafran Civil War?
 What did the Igbos seek?
 What was the result of the Igbos’ secession?
 Explain what the government did to prevent tribalism.

Canada and the “Silent Revolution” in Quebec
 Explain the historical context of colonial Quebec, Canda
 Explain the Quiet Revolution and what the results were of it.
wrong.
2.
3.

response.
AMSCO 8.5
Question 1
Name:_______________________________________________________________________Date:_______Class:_
_____

8.6 Vocabulary for Sections 8.6 & 8.7 (due with 8.7)
Zionist Movement
Six-Day War
Yom Kippur War
Camp David Accords
Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO)
Khmer Rouge
Kashmir
Sirimavo Bandaranaike
Metropole
Martin Luther King Jr. (MLK)
Nelson Mandela
Prague Spring
Brezhnev Doctrine
Kent State University
Irish Republican Army (IRA)
Ulster Defence Association
Osama Bin Laden
September 11th (9/11)

Name:_______________________________________________________________________Date:_______Class:_
_____

Section 8.6: Newly Independent States

Explain how political changes in the period How did the Zionist movement contribute to the birth of
from c. 1900 to the present led to territorial, Israel?
demographic, and nationalist developments.
Birth of Israel
What did the Balfour Declaration propose for Jews?
What did the Balfour Declaration intend for non-Jews?
Describe how the events of 1948 led to Israel becoming its own
country.
Multiple Wars
Which countries supported Israel?
Which countries supported Palestine?
What was the result of the Six-Day War?
Israeli-Egyptian Peace
Why did Palestine and several Arab states reject the Camp
David Accords?
What were the goals of the PLO?

Ongoing Violence
Who were the Fatahs?
Who were the Hamas?
What was Palestine angry about in regards to Israel?
Cambodia Gain Independence and Survives Wars

What did Khmer Rouge do in Cambodia?
What were the results of the peace agreement between

Cambodia and Vietnam in 1991?
India and Pakistan Become Separate Countries

In 1947, the British divided colonial India in 2 countries:
 India, which was mostly __________________
(religion)
 Pakistan, which was mostly __________________
(religion)
How many people moved between India and Pakistan at this

time?
Describe Pakistan and India’s relationship after partition.
Kashmir Conflict
Describe the Kashmir Conflict
Explain the economic Women Gain Power in South Asia

changes and continuities resulting from the
Country Female Leader Accomplishments
process of decolonization
Sri Lanka
India
Pakistan
Tanzania Modernizes
What did the Arusha Declaration of 1967 summarize?
What were some of Nyerere’s successes as president of

Tanzania?
Emigration from Newer Countries to Older Ones

What were some major “hot spots” in the world that became
“metropole”?
Why did citizens of newly independent countries emigrate to

their former colonizing country (example: Algeria -> France)?
wrong.
2.
3.

response.
Name:_______________________________________________________________________Date:_______Class:_
_____

Section 8.7:Global Resistance to Established Power Structures After 1900

Explain various reactions to existing Nonviolent Resistance as a Path to Change

power structures in the period after
Leader Country they How were they NON-Violent
1900.
changed and how did that lead to
change?
Mohandas
Gandhi
Martin Luther
King Jr.
Nelson
Mandela
Challenges to Soviet Power in Eastern Europe
Poland
Describe Wladyslaw Gomulka’s time as secretary of the Polish
Communist Party.
Hungary
Describe Imre Nagy’’s time as political leader of Hungary.
Czechoslovakia
What demands of the people did Alexander Dubcek give in to?
What was the Brezhnev Doctrine used for?
1968: The Year of Revolt

List the countries that revolted in 1968
What caused many of the protests and revolts in 1968?
France
Describe the student movement in France in 1968.
The United States
What were people protesting for in the United States in 1968?
An Age of Terrorism
What replaced most of the large-scale open-conflict (war) between
sovereign states after the Cold War?
Conflict in Northern Ireland

What denomination of Chrsitianity were people in most of Ireland?
What denomination of Chrsitianity were people in Northern Ireland?
What terrorist acts did some members of the IRA commit in London?
Separatists in Spain
Who were Basque Homeland and Freedom (ETA)?
What was ETA’s goal?
Peru’s Shining Path

What was the Shining Path’s goal?
Islamic Terrorism
What are the names of the Islamic terrorist groups in the section?
Which Islamic terrorist group was the the deadliest?

How were they funded?
Terrorism in the United States

Aside from 9/11, who was responsible for the majority of the terrorist
attacks in the United States?
Response of Militarized States
The Franco Dictatorship in Spain

Why did the United States support Francisco Franco in spite of his
human rights violations?
What did Spain do when Franco died?
Intensified Conflict In Uganda Under Idi Amin

Describe Idi Amin’s time as president of Uganda?
The Military-Industrial Complex

Conflicts around the world intensified because of
___________________ and _________________.
Describe a military-industrial complex
wrong.
2.
3.

response.
AMSCO 8.7
Question 1
Name:_______________________________________________________________________Date:_______Class:_
_____

Vocabulary for 8.8 & 8.9 (due as 8.9)

Ronald Reagan
Mikhail Gorbachev
détente
Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT)
Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI)
Perestroika
Glasnost
Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty (INF)

Name:_______________________________________________________________________Date:_______Class:_
_____

Section 8.8: End of the Cold War

Explain the causes of the The Final Decades of the Cold War
end of the Cold War. What was the fundamental disagreement between the United States and the
Soviet Union?
Détente and a Colder War

Define détente.
What did Richard Nixon do that represented détente in Soviet Union and China
Describe the challenges the USSR faced in the 1960’s and 1970’s.
What issues was the United States having in the 1960’s and 1970’s
What actions ended détente?
Soviet-Afghan War
How did the Soviet-Afghan war contribute to the fall of the Soveit Union?
Reagan and Gorbachev
What did Reagan do in the 1980's to upset the Soviet Union?
What was the purpose of the Strategic Defense Initiative?
How did Soviet Union respond to the SDI?
The Thaw
What is perestroika?
What is glasnost?
What did the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty (INF) aim to accomplish?
The End of the Soviet Union

Gorbachev reduced the Soviet Union’s involvement in their satellite states. What
did that lead to in Eastern Europe and East and West Germany?
The Spread of Reforms

What did Lithuania, Georgia, and other Soviet republics do as a result of the
democratic reforms sweeping through Eastern Europe?
What happened in 1991 in regards to the Soviet Union and the Cold War?
New Challenges
Explain the challenges that occurred as a result of the fall of the Soviet Union and
end of the Cold War.
So, what caused the end of the Cold War
wrong.
2.
3.

response.

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Name:__Chuck W________Date:___4//4/24_Class: 1

APWH|Unit 8 “Cold War and Decolonization”

Vocabulary for Section 8.1-8.2

Explain the Bringing the War to an End

3. Big tech developments in WW2

Advances During the War

3. Which accurately describes an effect of the changes shown in the table"

Short Answer Question Responses

Name:________________Chuck Wang_____Date:_4/7/2024__Class: APWH

Section 8.2: The Cold War

Explain why the League of Nations failed.

Rivalry in Economics and Politics

A. Capitalism and Communism

Explain the similarities between the two superpowers.

Conflicts in International Affairs

A. The USSR and Its Satellite Countries

What did these actions allow the USSR to exploit?

What were some of the revolutions that the USSR supported?

Where specifically did the Truman Doctrine want to be instilled in?

The Space Race and the Arms Race

B. Mutual Assured Destruction (MAD)

The Non-Aligned Movement

Explain what they wanted.

Explain some of the challenges the Non-Aligned Movement faced:

Non-Aligned Movement Examples

Egypt Gamal Abdel Served 3x as president, of Egypt from 1954- 1970

Indonesia Sukarno First president of Indonesia in 1945 Organized and

B Both created coalitions to finance rebuilding European infrastructure

APWH|Unit 8 “Cold War and Decolonization”

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

Anti Nuclear weapons movement

Objective Key Developments

Compare the ways in which the United Introduction

Allied Occupation of Germany

*City of Berlin split after

NATO, The Warsaw Pact, and Other Alliances

What was the Soviet’s response to NATO? What was created?

What is SEATO? Who was involved?

What is CENTO? Who was involved?

How did the war end?

What happened under US President John F. Kennedy?

What happened under US President Lyndon B. Johnson? What did

C. The Bay of Pigs Crisis

After Cuba nationalized businesses, what was the US’s response?

What did JFK end up doing in response to a communist government

D. The Cuban Missile Crisis

What was Khruschev’s rationale?

What was set up during the Cuban Missile Crisis?

Explain the significance of each:

Antinuclear Weapon Movement

Who was involved in the movement?

Short Answer Question Responses

AMSCO 8.3 Question 1

APWH|Unit 8 “Cold War and Decolonization”

The Muslim League

Gamal Abdel Nasser

The “Quiet” Revolution

APWH|Unit 8 “Cold War and Decolonization”

Section 8.4: Spread of Communism after 1900 CE

Name:Chuck W____Date:_4//4/24_Class: 1

Name:____________Chuck Wang_Date:_4/7/2024__Class: APWH