energy efficiency

applied to RAC

5
best practices

UNDP Nigeria project

design requirements, environmental conditions
and other working performance need to complete
the system with a quite large set of additional
components and accessories as:
liquid receiver
filter drier

solenoid valve

oil separator

suction accumulator

sight glass
liquid receiver is installed right
next the condenser
It consists in a cylindric vessel
(vertical or horizontal) suitable for
high pressures, an inlet
connection for liquid refrigerant
coming from condenser
a vertical tube (liquid tube) takes
liquid from the bottom carrying it to
the expansion valve
liquid receiver has many purposes
it performs the separation of residual
traces of gaseous refrigerant
during the reduced capacity mode,
it receives the possible excess
of liquid refrigerant during servicing
it stores the complete refrigerant
charge
VERTICAL
 TAL
O N
RI Z
HO
FILTER
DRIER
filter driers are devices used in a HVAC system that
are a combination of filter and dryer (or drier)

a filter is used to remove any particle such as dirt,

metal or chips from entering the refrigerant flow
control
filter driers are mainly filled with 80% molecular
sieve with 20% activated alumina, which makes
them a perfect core blend for systems that operate
at high condensing temperatures and require high
drying capacity
REFRIGERANT MOLECULAR
SIEVE

R600a-R290 3A-XH-5
R134a-R22-R600a 4A-XH-6
R407C XH-7
R404A-R507-R134a-R600a-R22 XH-9
two essential types:

liquid line filter drier

suction line filter drier

installed right next the condenser (and the
liquid receiver), its purpose is to size any
solid wastage that can lead to permanent
damages in the parts in motion and to
neutralize traces of acid and moisture
in the refrigerant mass available in
different configurations to fit any
application requirement
available in different shapes to fit
different application requirements
“domestic” type
solid core type
“interchangeable core” type
“interchangeable core” type
drier mounting with the refrigerant flow in accord
with the “arrow” printed in the body
horizontal mounting = filter weighs on the liquid line
vertical mounting and flow downwards

quick draining of the circuit

vertical mounting and flow upwards

slow draining of the circuit

drier mounting with the refrigerant
flow according with the “arrow”
printed in the body
SUGGESTION !!!!

location has to keep in mind the necessary space

for maintenance
SOLENOID
VALVE
solenoid valve allows to cut off or
divert the refrigerant running through
the liquid line
its operation is the full closing of the
shutter by means the direct or indirect
effect of a solenoid coil
a solenoid valve feature is Maximum
Operating Pressure Differential
(MOPD) admitted as difference in
pressure between inlet and outlet for
a satisfactory opening
 OIL
SEPARATOR
in a cooling system equipped with more
compressors in parallel, the oil separator
with a complete set of accessories, allows
the oil to be in a proper level in the carter
of each compressor
in a multi-compressor system, oil separator with
accessory equipments allows the lubricant to feed
any single compressor with the suitable level of oil
 SUCTION
ACCUMULATOR
48
its purpose is to reveal an insufficient refrigerant
charge showing the presence of flashing gas
through the glass disc
the inner water detector color turns into
yellow (or other color) when humidity (water
vapour) is inside the circuit

DRY
WET
ice represents an heat insulation and
an icy evaporator has low efficiency

defrosting by means reversing cycles

is the fastest and very efficient procedure
to remove ice from the evaporator fins