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 TABLE OF CONTENTS
SR.NO TOPICS

1 Diuretics

2 Psych Meds

3 Antidepressants

4 Analgesics

5 Insulin Guide

6 Respiratory

7 Cardiac

8 Antibiotics
 Diuretics
Class Drug Uses Side Effects Considerations

1.Hydrochlorothiazide 1.Electrolyte imbalances 1. Monitor for hypotension

(Microzide, Oretic) 1.Hypertension 2.Dehydration 2.Do not take if hx of gout
Thiazide 2.Chlorthalidone 2.Edema 3.High blood sugar 3.Avoid in renal failure
(Thalitone) 3.Heart failure 4.Lightheadedness 4.Avoid if on Lithium
3.Indapamide (Lozol) 4.Nephrolithiasis 5.Erectile dysfunction 5. May cause sulfa allergy
4.Metolazone 5.Diabetes insipidus 6.Skin rash
(Zaroxolyn) 7.Gout
5.Chlorothiazide (Diuril)

1.limit sodium intake

1.Edema 1. Itching 2.Monitor weight
1.Furosemide (Lasix) 2.Hypertension 2.Ototoxicity 3.Monitor BP
2. Bumetanide (Bumex) 3.Heart failure 3.Electrolyte Imbalances 4.May cause orthostatic
Loop 3.Torsemide (Demadex) 4.Kidney disease 4.Dehydration hypotension
5. Liver disease 5. Hypotension 5.Monitor edema
6.Will have increased urine
output

1. Do not use with

1. Hyperkalemia
sulfonamides
2. Gynecomastia
1. Hypertension 2.Use caution in liver
3.Menstrual
2. Edema disease
irregularities
Potassium 1. Spironolactone
3.Heart failure 4. Erectile dysfunction
3.For use in combination
2. Amiloride with other diuretics
4. Nephrotic syndrome
-sparing 3. Triamterene 5. Headaches
4.Monitor for orthostatic
6. Nausea
hypotension
7. Vomiting
8. Dizziness

Class Drug
1. Risperidone (Risperdal)
2. Quetiapine (Seroquel)
3. Olanzapine (Zyprexa)
Antipsychotics 4. Aripiprazole (Abilify)
5. Ziprasidone (Geodon)
6. Paliperidone (Invega)
7. Haloperidol (Haldol)
1. Alprazolam (Xanax)
2. Lorazepam (Ativan)
3. Clonazepam (Klonopin)
Antianxiety 4. Diazepam (Valium)
5. Buspirone (Buspar)
6. Escitalopram (Lexapro)
7. Paroxetine (Paxil)
1. Zolpidem (Ambien)
2. Eszopiclone (Lunesta)
3. Zaleplon (Sonata)
Hypnotics 4. Temazepam (Restoril)
5. Triazolam (Halcion)
6. Doxepin (Silenor)
7. Ramelteon (Rozerem)
1. Lithium (Eskalith, Lithobid)
2. Divalproex (Depakote)
Mood 3. Carbamazepine (Tegretol)
4. Lamotrigine (Lamictal)
Stabilizers 5. Valproic acid (Depakene)
6. Oxcarbazepine (Trileptal)
7. Topiramate (Topamax)
1. Methylphenidate (Ritalin,
Concerta)
2. Amphetamine (Adderall)
Stimulants 3. Lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse)
4. Dexmethylphenidate
(Focalin)
Psych Meds
Uses
1. Schizophrenia
2. Bipolar disorder
3. Major depression with
psychotic features
4. Delusional disorder
5. Schizoaffective disorder
1. Generalized anxiety
disorder
2. Panic disorder
3. Social anxiety disorder
4. Obsessive-compulsive
disorder (OCD)
5. Post-traumatic stress
disorder (PTSD)
1. insomnia
2. sleep disorder
1. Bipolar disorder
2. Major depression with
mood fluctuations
3. Cyclothymic disorder
4. Borderline personality
disorder with mood
instability
1. ADHD
2. Narcolepsy
3. Depression
Side Effects Considerations
1.drowsiness 1. Monitor for potential side effects
2.dizziness such as weight gain, sedation, or
3.blurred vision extrapyramidal symptoms.
4.dry mouth 2. Assess for drug interactions and
5.constipation risk of metabolic syndrome or
6.weight gain tardive dyskinesia.
1.drowsiness 1. Monitor for sedation,
2.dizziness dizziness, and impaired
coordination.
3.confusion
2. Assess for potential drug
4.impaired coordination
5.memory problems interactions and risk of
dependence or withdrawal.
1.drowsiness 1. Monitor for sedation, dizziness, and
2.dizziness impaired coordination.
3.impaired 2. Assess for potential drug interactions
coordination,
and risk of dependence or
withdrawal.
4.memory problems 3. Educate on proper medication use,
5.respiratory depression potential side effects, and risks for
6.allergic reactions falls or accidents
1.drowsiness 1. Monitor vital signs and lab values
2.dizziness
(e.g. liver and kidney function
3.weight gain tests)
4.tremors 2. Assess for drug interactions and
5. liver damage potential side effects (e.g. weight
6.blood disorders gain, tremors, or sedation)
1. Insomnia
2. Headache 1. Monitor vital signs and side effects
3. Stomach upset 2. Assess for drug interactions and
4. Loss of appetite
5. Weight loss
abuse potential
3. Provide education and guidance on
6. Increased heart rate and medication use and potential risks
blood pressure
 Antidepressants
Class Drug Uses Side Effects Considerations

1. Fluoxetine (Prozac) 1.Depression 1. Nausea

1. 1st line therapy in
2. Sertraline (Zoloft) 2. Anxiety Disorders 2. Headaches
3. Paroxetine (Paxil) 3.Post-traumatic stress 3. Insomnia or drowsiness depression/anxiety
SSRI's 4. Citalopram (Celexa) disorder 4. Sexual dysfunction 2. May take 4-6 weeks to reach
5. Escitalopram (Lexapro) (PTSD) 5. Weight gain effectiveness
6. Fluvoxamine (Luvox) 4.Eating disorders 6. Anxiety or agitation 3. do not stop abruptly
7. Duloxetine (Cymbalta) 5.Chronic pain 7. Serotonin syndrome

1. Depression 1. Nausea and vomiting

1. Venlafaxine (Effexor)
2. Duloxetine (Cymbalta)
SNRI's 3. Desvenlafaxine (Pristiq)
4. Levomilnacipran
(Fetzima)
2. Dry mouth
2. Anxiety disorders
3. Chronic pain 3. Constipation or diarrhea
4. Post-traumatic stress 4. Loss of appetite
disorder (PTSD) 5. Insomnia or sleepiness
5. Obsessive-compulsive 6. Headaches
disorder (OCD) 7. Dizziness or
lightheadedness
1. Do not mix with TCA's or MAQ's
(can cause serotonin syndrome)
2. May take 4-6 weeks to reach
effectiveness
3. Do not stop abruptly

1. Imipramine (Tofranil) 1. Dry mouth 1. Cardiotoxic (should not be taken

1. Depression
2. Amitriptyline (Elavil) 2. Anxiety disorders 2. Constipation in those with heart condition)
3. Nortriptyline (Pamelor) 2. Lethal in overdose
TCA's 3. Neuropathic pain 3. Blurred vision
3. May take 2-4 weeks to reach
4. Desipramine 4. Chronic pain 4. Dizziness
(Norpramin) 5. Insomnia 5. Weight gain effectiveness
6. Drowsiness 4. Do not step abruptly
5. Doxepin (Sinequan)

1. Major depressive disorder 1. Dizziness 1. Avoid tyramine - can cause

1. Phenelzine (Nardil) 2. Anxiety disorders hypertensive crisis (aged meat, cheese,
2. Dry mouth
2. Tranylcypromine (Parnate) 3. Parkinson's disease beer/ wine, pickled/ fermented foods,
3. Weight gain
MAOI's 3. Isocarboxazid (Marplan) 4. Bulimia nervosa
4. Headache
dried/ overripe
fruits)
4. Selegiline (Emsam) 5. Borderline personality
disorder
5. Hypertensive crises 2.May take 4-6 weeks to reach
6. Insomnia effectiveness

1. Aripiprazole (Abilify)
2. Olanzapine (Zyprexa)
Atypicals 3. Quetiapine (Seroquel)
4. Risperidone (Risperdal)
5. Paliperidone (Invega)
1. Schizophrenia treatment
2. Bipolar disorder 1. Avoid bupropion in anorexia, bulimia,
1. Weight gain
managment and seizures
2. Dry mouth
3. Depression adjunct 2. Mirtazapine may cause lipids and
therapy 3. Constipation weight gain
4. Blurred Vision
4. Agitation reduction 3. May take 4-6 weeks to reach
(dementia) 5. Drowsiness or sedation effectiveness
5. Autism symptom control
 Analgesics
Class Drug Uses/ Types of pain Side Effects Considerations

1. Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin)
2. Naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn)
NSAID's 3. Aspin (Bayer, Bufferin)
4. Celecoxib (Celebrex)
5. Diclofenac (Voltaren)
6. Indomethacin (Indocin)
1. Pain relief
2. Fever reduction
3. Arthritis treatment
4. Inflammation reduction
5. Injury management
1. Stomach pain or upset
2. Nausea or vomiting
3. Heartburn or indigestion
4. Diarrhea or constipation
5. Dizziness or lightheadedness
6. Headache
1. Asses for allergies and medical
history
2. Monitor for signs of bleeding
(such as black, tarry stools)
3. Monitor for signs of stomach
ulcers (such as abdominal pain)

1. Codeine
2. Fentanyl (Duragesic)
Opioid 3. Hydrocodone (Vicodin)
4. Hydromorphone (Dilaudid)
Analgesics 5. Meperidine (Demero)
6. Methadone (Dolophine)
1. Acute pain (such as from 1. Constipation 1. Monitor for side effects and
surgery or injury 2. Nausea/vomiting adverse reactions.
2. Chronic pain (such as form 3. Drowsiness/sedation 2. Assess pain before and after
arthritis or cancer) 4. Dizziness administration
3. Neuropathic pain (such as 5. Respiratory depression (slow 3. Use caution in patients with
form nerve damage) breathing) respiratory problems

1. Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic acid)
2. Salsalate (Disalcid)
Salicylates 3. Choline salicylate
(Arthropan)
4. Diflunisal (Dolobid)
1. Pain relief
2. Fever reduction
3. Anti-inflammatory
4. Blood clot prevention
1. Stomach upset/ indigestion
2. Nausea/vomiting
3. Heartburn
4. Increased risk of bleeding
5. Ringing in the ears (tinnitus)
1. Assess patient's pain level before
and after administration
2. Monitor for gastrointestinal side
effects such as nausea, vomiting,
and heartburn

1. Stomach upset, including 1. Monitor blood pressure and kidney

1. Artist
Cox-2 1. Celecoxib (Celebrex) 2. Pain relief
nausea and indigestion function regularly
2. Diarrhea or constipation 2. Advice patients to take medication
2. Etoricoxib (Arcoxia)
Inhibitors 3. Inflammation reduction 3. Headaches with food or milk to minimize
4. Acute pain relief 4. Elevated blood pressure
stomach upset

1. Sumatriptan 1. Migraine with aura 1. Change in vision 1. Assessing the patient's medical
2. Migraine without aura 2. Difficulty speaking or slurred history and any potential
2. Rizatriptan
Antimigraine 3. Zolmitriptan
3. Chronic migraine speech 2. Contraindications or drug
4. Menstrual-related 3. Seizures interactions
Agents 4. Naratriptan migraine 4. Allegric reaction (e.g. hives, 3. Monitoring for adverse effects and
5. Eletriptan 5. Cluster headache (Triptans difficulty breathing, swelling providing appropriate interventions
6. Almotriptan and oxygen therapy) of the face as needed

1. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) 1. Mild to moderate 1. Nausea 1. Monitor for signs of overdose or

2. Vomiting toxicity
Miscellaneous 2. Tramadol 2. Fever
3. Dizziness 2. Educate patients on safe use and
3. Methadone 3. Headaches
Analgesics 4. Tapentadol 4. Migraines
4. Drowsiness
5. Headache
potential side effects
3. Use caution in patients with liver or
5. Buprenorphine 5. Menstural cramps 6. Constipation kidney disease
 Insulin Guide
Insulin On Set Peak Duration Side Effects Considerations

Rapid - Acting

Lispro
1-2 hours 1. Weight gain
(Humalog) 15-30 min 3-6 hours
2. Edema
1. Can cause
hypokalemia
3. Hypoglycemia
Aspart 15-30 min 1-2 hours 4. Sweating
2. Monitor for muscle
3-6 hours cramps, weakness,
(Novolog) 5. Confusion irregular heartbeat
6. Dizziness
Glulisine 1-2 hours 7. Tachycardia
15-30 min 3-6 hours
(Apidra)

Short - Acting
1. Sweating
Regular 30-60 min 2-4 hours 3-6 hours
2. Dizziness
1. Ensure vial is mixed
3. Hunger well
(Humulin R) 4. Tachycardia 2. Monitor as levels

Immediate - Acting
1. Sweating 1. Ensure vial is mixed
NPH 2-4 hours
8-10 hours 10-18 hours 2. Dizziness well
(Novolin N) 3. Hunger
4. Tachycardia
2. Monitor as levels

Long - Acting

Glargine 1-2 hours none 19-24 hours

1. Hunger
2. Nervousness
1. Do not mix with other
insulins
(Lantus) 3. Edema 2. Avoid alcohol
1. Flu like symptoms
Detemir 1-2 hours none 19-24 hours 2. Edema
1. Do not mix with other
insulins
(Levemir) 3. Stomach pain 2. Avoid alcohol
 Respiratory
Class Drug Uses Side Effects Considerations

1. Allergic rhinitis 1. Drowsiness or fatigue Assess allergies and medical

1. Diphenhydramine
Antihistamines 2. Loratadine
2. Urticaria
3. Anaphylaxis
2. Dry mouth, nose, or throat
3. Dizziness or lightheadedness
history, monitor for drowsiness,
and caution against using with
3. Cetirizine 4. Motion Sickness 4. Blurred vision CNS depressants

1. Cough 1. Drowsiness or fatigue Assess underlying cause of cough

1. Dextromethorphan
2. Chronic Obstructive 2. Dizziness or lightheadedness before administering and monitor
Antitussives 2. Codeine
Pulmonary Disease (COPD) 3. Nausea or vomiting for CNS depression and respiratory
3. Hydrocodone
3. Asthma 4. Constipation depression.

1. Albuterol 1. Asthma 1. Tremors or shaking Monitor for side effects such as

2. Chronic Obstructive 2. Increased heart rate
Bronchodilators 2. Levalbuterol
Pulmonary Disease (COPD) 3. Headache
tremors, tachycardia, and
3. Salbutamol hypertension.
3. Bronchiectasis 4. Nervousness or anxiety

1. Fluticasone propionate 1. Inflammation 1. Increased appetite and weight

Monitor for hyperglycemia,
2. Budesonide 2. Allergies gain
Corticosteroids 3. Beclomethasone 3. Immunosuppression 2. Fluid retention and swelling
hypertension, and
immunosuppression.
dipropionate 4. Respiratory conditions 3. High blood pressure

1. Phenylephrine 1. Colds and flu 1. Increased blood pressure

Decongestants 2. Pseudoephedrine
3. Oxymetazoline
Monitor for hypertension,
2. Rapid heart rate
2. Allergies
3. Nervousness or anxiety
tachycardia, and urinary
3. Sinus infections retention.
4. Insomnia

1. Cough 1. Nausea or vomiting

1. Guaifenesin Encourage fluid intake and
2. Bronchitis 2. Dizziness or lightheadedness
Expectorants 2. Acetylcysteine
3. Chronic Obstructive 3. Headache
monitor for gastrointestinal
3. Ambroxol upset.
Pulmonary Disease (COPD) 4. Rash or itching

1. Montelukast 1. Asthma 1. Headache

Monitor for neuropsychiatric
Leukotriene 2. Zafirlukast 2. Allergies 2. Nausea or vomiting
effects and caution against abrupt
3. Exercise-induced 3. Diarrhea
Modifiers 3. Pranlukast
4. Bronchoconstriction 4. Abdominal pain
discontinuation.

1. Acetylcysteine 1. Cystic fibrosis 1. Nausea or vomiting

Monitor for gastrointestinal upset
2. Chronic bronchitis 2. Stomach upset or pain
Mucolytics 2. Ambroxol
3. Carbocisteine 3. Chronic Obstructive 3. Diarrhea
and advise on adequate
hydration.
Pulmonary Disease (COPD) 4. Headache

1. Chronic Obstructive 1. Diarrhea Monitor for nausea, diarrhea, and

Selective Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
1. Roflumilast 2. Nausea or vomiting headache, and caution against
Phosphodiesterase- 2. Cilomilast 2. Asthma 3. Abdominal pain or discomfort using with other medications that
4 Inhibitors 3. Bronchiectasis 4. Headache may prolong QT interval.
 Cardiac
Class Drug Uses Side Effects Considerations

1. Warfarin
Anticoagulants 2. Heparin Prevent clotting Bleeding Monitor bleeding
3. Dabigatran

1. Aspirin Prevent platelets

Antiplatelets 2. Clopidogrel aggregation
Bleeding, GI upset
Monitor bleeding
3. Prasugrel

ACE Inhibitors 1. Lisinopril

Lower blood pressure
2. Enalapril Cough, hypotension Monitor BP
End in 'pril' 3. Ramipril

ARB's 1. Losartan
2. Valsartan
Treat hypertension and
Hypotension
heart failure Monitor BP
End in 'artan' 3. Candesartan

Beta Blockers 1. Metoprolol Treat hypertension and

Bradycardia, hypotension
2. Propranolol heart failure Monitor HR
End in 'lol' 3. Atenolol

Calcium Channel 1. Amlodipine

Treat hypertension Hypotension, constipation
2. Verapamil Monitor BP
and angina
Blockers 3. Diltiazem

Cholesterol Drugs 1. Atorvastatin Lower cholesterol levels Muscle pain, liver damage Monitor liver enzymes
2. Simvastatin
End in 'statin' 3. Rosuvastatin

Treat heart failure and

Digitalis 1. Digoxin arrhythmias
Toxicity, bradycardia Monitor HR

1. Nitroglycerin
2. Isosorbide Dilate blood vessels to Hypotension, reflex
Vasodilsator mononitrate lower blood pressure tachycardia Monitor BP
3. Hydralazine
 Antibiotics (most commonly used)
Class Drug Uses Side Effects Considerations

Carbapenems 1. Imipenem 1. Skin and soft tissue infections 1. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea 1. Monitor renal function
2. Meropenem 2. Septicemia and bacteremia 2. Allergic reactions 2. Assess for allergies
End in 'penem' 3. Meningitis 3. CNS side effects 3. Evaluate for seizures

1. Allergic reactions
Cephalosporins 1. Cefazolin Respiratory,Skin,bone and ear 1. Monitor for hypersensitivity
2. Cephalexin 2. GI symptoms
Start with 'Cef/Ceph' infections 2. Check renal function
3. CNS side effects

UTIs, respiratory/skin/GI 1. Tendon rupture

Fluoroquinolones 1. Ciprofloxacin 1. Avoid sunlight exposure
2. Levofloxacin infections,pneumonia, 2. CNS side effects
2. Monitor for tendonitis
End in 'floxacin' prostatitis, osteomyelitis, STIs 3. GI symptoms

1. Vancomycin 1. Treats severe infections. 1. Kidney damage

1. Monitor for nephrotoxicity
Glycopeptides 2. Teicoplanin 2. Last resort for resistance. 2. Red man syndrome
2. Monitor for ototoxicity
3. Inhibits cell wall synthesis. 3. Hearing loss

Effective against respiratory 1. GI symptoms

Macrolides 1. Azithromycin 1. Monitor liver function
tract, skin, and soft tissue 2. QT prolongation
2. Clarithromycin 2. Administer with food
End in 'romicin' infections 3. Liver toxicity

Gram-negative bacteria, urinary 1. Allergic reactions

Monobactams 1. Aztreonam 1. Check for hypersensitivity
tract infections, lower 2. CNS side effects 2. Monitor renal function
End in 'actam' 2. Carumonam respiratory tract infections 3. GI symptom

anaerobic bacteria,bacterial 1. GI symptoms

Nitroimidazoles 1. Metronidazole 1. Avoid alcohol
vaginosis, trichomoniasis, and 2. CNS side effects 2. Monitor for neuropathy
2. Tinidazole
End in 'idazole' certain types of diarrhea 3. Allergic reactions

Oxazolidinones 1. Linezolid skin and soft tissue infections, 1. Myelosuppression

1. Monitor for myelosuppression
2. Tedizolid pneumonia, and other 2. Serotonin syndrome
End in 'zolid' 2. Administer with or without food
infections 3. Peripheral neuropathy

throat, ear infections, 1. Allergic reactions

Penicillin's 1. Ampicillin
2. GI symptoms
1. Monitor for hypersensitivity
2. Amoxicillin pneumonia, and other bacterial 2. Check renal function
End in 'cillin' infections. 3. CNS side effects

urinary tract infections, 1. Allergic reactions 1. Monitor for Stevens-Johnson

Sulfonamides 1. Sulfadiazine
respiratory tract infections, and 2. Hematologic abnormalities
2. Sulfamethoxazole Syndrome
'Sulfona Drugs' other bacterial infections. 3. Photosensitivity 2. Administer with full glass of water

Tetracyclines 1. Tetracycline acne, respiratory tract 1. GI upset 1. Administer on empty stomach

2. Photosensitivity 2. Avoid calcium-containing
End in 'cycline' 2. Oxytetracycline infections
3. Tooth discoloration products