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 A[B A\B A\B B\A A B

A = { 1; 2; 9; 17} , A = {a, c, d, f } ,
B = {1; 9; 14; 21} ; B = {a, b, c, d, e} ;
A = { 3; 4; 5; 11; 16} , A = {x, y, z} ,
B = { 7; 3; 10} ; B = ?.
A=B
A = {0; 1; 2} B = x | x(x2 3x + 2) = 0 .
A⇢B
A = { 3; 2; 1; 1}
B = x | (x2 + x 2)x(x2 + 4x + 3) = 0 .
A B C
A ⇢ C B ⇢ C

A \ B ⇢ C; A [ B ⇢ C; A \ B ⇢ C.
 A B

(A \ B) [ (B \ A) = (A [ B) \ (A \ B).

A \ C ⇢ (A \ B) [ (B \ C).
A B

A ⇢ B, A \ B = A, A[B = B

( )
x = 2, 40 ± 0, 01 y = 5, 00 ± 0, 02

S
( )
( )
x y
A B
C
A B
B
A

A
B
 A( 2; 2), B(0; 7), C(3; 0),
D(4; 1), E( 3; 1), F (2; 5).

Ox
A( 3; 2), B(2; 1), C(0; 3),
D(4; 5), E(1; 1), F (0; 2).

Oy
A(2; 1), B( 1; 0), C( 1; 3),
D(2; 0), E(1; 3), F (4; 2).

A(2; 2), B( 1; 1), C(0; 1), D(3; 0).

 (1; 3)
( 2; 1)

A( 2; 3)

A(2; 5)
b=7

(0; 3)
↵ =
30

a=2 b= 4

5x + 4y + 3 = 0;
3x + 2y 7 = 0;
4x 3y + 10 = 0;
3x + y 8 = 0.

3x 2y + 10 = 0;
4x + 10y 1 = 0;
x + y 2 = 0;
3x + 2y 1 = 0.
y = 2x 3;
x y
= 1;
7 4
y = 3x + 7;
x y
+ = 1.
2 7

x 2y + 5 = 0;
2x + 3y = 0;
5x 2 = 0;
2y + 7 = 0.
20x + 21y = 0

x y
+ = 1;
3 2
y = 3x + 5;
y = 4x;
x y
+ = 1.
2 1

b=1

4x + 3y 36 = 0

(2; 3) Ox
 ( 1; 4) Oy

2x+2y 5 = 0

f (x) = ax + b
a > 0
a<0

4x 6y + 7 = 0 20x 30y 11 = 0

3x 2y + 1 = 0 2x + 5y 12 = 0 ?

x y
2x 3y + 4 = 0 + = 1.
3 2
 L ( 1; 2) (3; 4)
L y = 2x + 3

( (
y<4 y > 3x + 4
x > 3; y < 2x 1;
( (
2x + 4y 1 < 0 2x 3y + 4 > 0
3x y + 4 > 0; 3x + 4y 9 < 0.

x
 0 C
32 F

100 C 212 F

30 C
77 F
x

y = 4x + 60
y = 2x + 90
 y = 20x + 260 y = 16x + 360,
y = 6x + 100 y = 9x + 40,
x y

x
y

y = 5x + 50 y =
6x + 10
 A
B

A B

A B

A
B

A B

A B

n A m
B
 n A m
B

A B
A
B

A
B

B
P = gD (Q) = 4Q + 100.

P = 3Q + 120.

P = 5Q + 250.
P = gS (Q) = 4Q + 10.

1
P = gS (Q) = Q + 20.
5

P = gS (Q) = 6Q + 120.
P = gD (Q) = 3Q + 60,
P = gS (Q) = 2Q + 10
P = gD (Q) = 6Q + 100,
1
P = gS (Q) = Q + 22
2
P = gD (Q) = 4Q + 80,
1
P = gS (Q) = Q + 17.
2

P = gD (Q) = 3Q + 100,
1
P = gS (Q) = Q + 30,
2
Q
Q1 = 60 6P1 P2
Q1 = 2 + 3P1
Q2 = 50 5P1 P2
Q2 = 4 + 2P2

Q1 = 52 10P1 + P2
Q1 = 2 + 5P1
Q2 = 30 + P1 4P2
Q2 = 8 + 3P2

P0 Q0

P = gD (Q) = 4Q + 120,
1
P = gS (Q) = Q + 30.
2

P00
Q00
 1
Q = 200 P + 3Y + A,
2
Q P Y
A

P = 20 Y = 30 A = 10

P = 10 Y = 40 A = 20

P = gD (Q) = 3Q + 150,
1
P = gS (Q) = Q + 45.
2
 P = gD (Q) = 5Q + 150,
1
P = gS (Q) = Q + 40.
2

(Y ) (C)

C = 0, 6 Y + 45,
I = 23

C = 0, 2 Y + 60,
I = 100

G = 50
I = 60
C = 0, 4 Yd + 30 ,
T = 0, 2 Y + 10

Y
r

C = 0, 4Y + 60,
I= 30r + 1400

MS = 400,
L1 = 0, 1 Y,
L2 = 20 r + 260.

Y r

d Y
r
 Y = C + I + 2G + X M,

(Y ) (C)
(I) (G)
(X) (M)

C = 0, 4 Y + 60,
I = 60, G = 100, X = 80,
M = 0, 2 Y + 40.

C = 0, 6 Y + 40
I = 20r + 620
MS = 3700

L1 = 0, 2 Y,

L2 = 10r + 3600.
Y
r

x2 + 4x + 9 = 0;
x2 2x + 7 = 0;
x2 4x + 10 = 0;
x2 + 3x + 8 = 0.
z1 + z2 z1 z2
z1 = 4 + i z2 = 2 5i;
z1 = 5 z2 = 5 + 3i;
z1 = 3i z2 = 7 6i;
z1 = 4 + 9i z2 = 7 3i.
z1 · z2
z1 = 3 + 5i z2 = 2 3i;
z1 = 4 i z2 = 1 + 2i;
z1 = 2i z2 = 3 i;
z1 = 5 4i z2 = 3.
z1 : z2
z1 = 3 + 4i z2 = 7 i;
z1 = 2 + i z2 = 3 + 4i;
z1 = 2i z2 = 4 i;
z1 = 1 + i z2 = 6 i.

(3 + 2i)(4 2i) + (2 5i);

(4 + 7i)(3 i) i(1 i)(2 + i)
;
5 i 2 + 3i
(1 + 2i)2 (2 i)2 ;
(3 + 4i)2 + (2 3i)2 .
z1 · z 2
z1 = 2 i z2 = 4 + 2i;
z1 = 3 + i z2 = 2 5i;
z1 = 5 + 8i z2 = 4 6i;
z1 = 7 + 9i z2 = 10 + 5i.
(2 + i)x + (3 2i)y = 4 + 3i;
(5 + i)x (4 + 2i)y = 7 + 8i;
(6 + 2i)x (2 + i)y = 9 2i;
(4 + 3i)x (4 + 5i)y = 8 + 6i.
Re(z1 · z 2 )
z1 = 4 + 3i, z2 = 3 4i;
z1 = 5 7i, z2 = 6 + 2i;
z1 = 6 + 2i, z2 = 9 + 3i;
z1 = 7 2i, z2 = 1 + i.
⇣z ⌘
1
Im
z2
z1 = 2 + i, z2 = 3 i;
z1 = 3 + 4i, z2 = 1 i;
z1 = 4i, z2 = 2 + 3i;
z1 = 5 + 3i, z2 = 3 2i.

Cnm = Cnn m ;
m+1
Cnm + Cnm+1 = Cn+1 .
 A
a13 , a21 , a33 , a42 , a51
2 3
1 1 3
6 9 0 11 7
6 7
A=6
6 5 4 3 7.
7
4 7 2 1 5
0 6 2
B = [bij ]2⇥3

bij = 3, bij = i + j, bij = j,

bij = max(i; j) bij = j , bij = 2i+3j
i
2
.
>
A + B, A 2B, A + C,
> >
(A B) + 2C, (2B C) + 4A> ,
(B 3C > ) + 2A
2 3 2 3
1 2 0 1 3 1 7 5
A=4 3 5 1 1 5, B = 4 0 1 1 2 5,
0 2 4 3 3 4 6 8
2 3
2 1 3
6 1 1 10 7
C=6 4 4
7.
2 1 5
0 1 2
 A + (B + C) = (A + B) + C;
( + )A = A + A;
(A + B) = A + B;
( )C = ( C)

=3 = 4
  
1 1 2 0 1 2
A= , B= , C= .
3 4 1 5 3 1
a b c
 
3 2 b 1 4c
=
1 a 1 3
2 3 2 3
a 7 2+b 7
4 4 1 5=4 b 1 5
8 11 8 c+b
  
⇥ ⇤ 2 1 3 1 4 5
2 3
0 3 1 4 3 1
2 3
  3
3 2 1 2 ⇥ ⇤
1 3 4 4 7 5
2 1 2 3
2
2 3 2 32 3
2 ⇥ ⇤ 3 1 2 1 5 2
4 0 5 3 5 6 4 0 4 1 54 0 1 1 5
1 3 2 0 2 4 1
2 32 3
1 2 3 1 2 4
4 2 4 6 54 1 2 4 5
3 6 9 1 2 4
 2 3 2 3
5 1 2 5 9 10
4 3 5 0 5 4 3 3 6 5
1 4 1 7 21 28
2 3 2 3
3 1 1 1 0 0
4 0 1 4 5 4 0 1 0 5
7 3 5 0 0 1
2 3
 2 1 
1 2 3 4 5 1 1
0 1
4 5 6 2 2
2 3
2 3 2 3
2 1  1
4 1 1 1 4 5
1 2 5 2
2 0 2
3 3 3
 
3 1 1 1
A= B=
6 2 0 1
(A + B)2 6= A2 + 2AB + B 2

 
2 3 1 0
A= B=
1 2 2 1
A2 B 2 6= (A B)(A + B)
A B C

(A+B)·C = AC +BC; (AB)·C = A(BC)

  
2 1 3 1 1 1 1
A= , B= , C= .
2 3 2 2 2 0 2
AB = BA
(A + B) = A + 2AB + B 2 ;
2 2
 A2 B 2 = (A B)(A + B);
(AB)2 = A2 B 2
A B (AB)> = B > A>
2 3
 1 5
1 1 0
A= B =4 2 2 5
2 0 1
0 1
2 3
2 3 1 3 1
3 0 1 4 6 0 1 2 7
A = 4 2 1 3 1 5 B =6 4 1
7
0 1 5
1 0 1 0
0 2 2

3 5 4 2 3 2
1 2 3 1 6 4
p p 1 3 4
1 + p3 2 p5 1 2 0
2+ 5 1 3 1 4 5

3 1 2 3 0 0
4 2 1 0 5 0
2 1 5 0 0 2

2 4 5 2 1 3
0 3 5 3 2 1
0 0 4 4 5 5

↵a1 + b1 + c1 d1
=
↵a2 + b2 + c2 d2
a d1 b1 d1 c1 d 1
=↵ 1 + +
a2 d2 b2 d2 c2 d 2
 a1 b1 a1 x + b1 y + c1 a1 b1 c1
a2 b2 a2 x + b2 y + c2 = a2 b2 c2
a3 b3 a3 x + b3 y + c3 a3 b3 c3
1 1 1 1 a a2
a b c = 1 b b2 = (b a)(c a)(c b)
a2 b2 c2 1 c c2

x 2 3 x+1 3
= 0; =5
x 2 1 x 1

2x 2 1 x 1 2
4 3 x = 21; 2 x 1 = 12
1 0 1 x 2 1

x2 x x x+1
> 0; 2
3 1 x 1 2x
x 2 1
3 1 4 < 11.
x 1 x
2 3
1 2 3
4
A= 2 1 1 5;
4 3 7
2 3
2 1 1
4
B= 1 1 2 5
3 4 1
2 3
1 1 1 2 3
C=4 2 1 1 0 1 5;
5 1 1 2 5
 2 3
1 0 2 1
6 3 1 0 2 7
D=6
4
7
1 1 4 0 5
2 1 10 3

1 2 1 0 1 3 4 2
0 1 2 3 2 2 3 0
2 1 1 1 0 1 1 2
3 2 1 0 1 2 1 3

 
2 1 9 2
5 3 3 1
2 3 2 3
2
2 3 3 4 5
4 1 0 5
1 4 2 3 1 5
1
2 1 3 5 1
2 3
2 7 3
4 3 9 4 5
1 5 3
X
 
2 5 4 6
X=
1 3 2 1
 
1 2 1 1
X =
2 5 0 2
2 3 2 3
1 4 3 1 0 0
4 1 5 5
3 X= 0 4 1 0 5
1 6 4 0 0 1
2 3 2 3
1 1 1 1 1 3
X4 2 1 0 5=4 4 3 2 5
1 1 1 1 2 5
 1
A B (AB) =
1
B ·A 1
 
2 1 2 1
A= , B= .
3 2 5 3

c A

1 1 1
(cA) = A
c

1 1
c = 2, A =
2 3
2 3
0 3 6
1 4
c= , A= 9 0 12 5
3 3 6 9
 P1 P2 P3

N1 N2 N3 N4
 
3 2 4 1
A= .
5 4 1 2

⇥ ⇤>
B= 100 200 200 300 .

2 3
1 2 1
6 2 1 0 7
C=6
4 0
7.
1 3 5
4 0 1

⇥ ⇤>
D= 10 5 15 .
E2 = [1 1]

AB AC CD ACD
E2 AB E2 ACD E2 AB E2 ACD
8 8
>
<2x + y z = 9, >
<x + y + z = 3,
x y 3z = 4, 4x + 3z = 15,
>
:x 2y + z = 2; >
:5y z = 3;
8 8
>
<3x y + 2z = 8, >
<x + y 2z = 0,
2x + y z = 1, x y + z = 1,
>
:y 4z = 0; >
:3x y + 2z = 6;
8 8
>
<x 3y + z = 2, >
<2x + 2y z = 3,
2x + y z = 1, x + y + 4z = 6,
>
:x + 4y 2z = 5; >
:7x + z = 4.

8 8
>
<x + y z = 0, >
<2x + y + z = 2,
2x + 3y 2z = 2, 3x + 4z = 7,
>
:y + z = 5; >
:2y z = 4;
8 8
>
<2x 3y + 4z = 80, >
<x + y + z = 0,
x + y + z = 60, 3x 2y 4z = 5,
>
:3x + 2y + z = 100; >
:5y 2z = 4.
8 8
>
<3x 4y + z = 2, >
<x 2y + z = 1,
x + y z = 0, 2x + y 4z = 8,
>
:5x 9y + 3z = 1; >
:x + y + 2z = 5;
8 8
>
<x y z = 2, >
<5x 4y + 3z = 4,
2x + y + 3z = 3, x + 3y 4z = 0,
>
:x + 2y + 4z = 1; >
:9x 11y+10z = 8;
8 8
>
<x 3y + z = 2, >
<x + 2y + 3z = 0,
2x+6y 2z = 4, 2x + y z = 0,
>
:3x 9y + 3z = 6; >
:3x + 4y + 2z = 0.

Q1 = 8 P 1 + P2 P3 ,
Q2 = 10 + P1 P2 P3 ,
Q3 = 6 + P1 + P2 3P3 ,

Q1 = 3 + P1 ,
Q2 = 7 + P2 ,
Q3 = 2 + P3 ,

P1 P2 P3
 Q1 = 50(2 P1 P2 + 2P3 ),
Q2 = 50(4 P1 P2 + P3 ),
Q3 = 50(1 + P1 + P2 P3 ),

Q1 = 50 + 100P1,
Q2 = 100 + 50P2 ,
Q3 = 100 + 50P3 ,
P1 P2 P3

S1 S2 S3
N1 N2
N3
S1
N1 N2 N3
S2

S3

N1
 N2
N3
S1 S2 S3

S1 S2 S3

S1

S2

S3

S1 S2 S3

2 3
0, 2 0, 4 0, 1
A = 4 0, 1 0, 2 0, 2 5 .
0, 2 0, 2 0, 1
 q1 = 474, q2 = 948, q3 = 474.

2 3
0, 4 0, 2 0, 4
A = 4 0, 3 0, 3 0, 1 5 .
0, 1 0, 2 0, 2

z1 = 7 z2 = 6 z3 = 10

q1 = 2000, q2 = 1000, q3 = 2000.

 an = 5n 1; an = 2n;
an = 2n 1 an = 7n + 8.

1; 4; 7, 10; 13; . . . ;
4; 10; 16, 22; 28; . . . ;
a4 a5 a10
a100
a1 = 7, d = 4 a1 = 2, d = 4
a1 = 8, d = 3; a1 = 4, d = 2.
a1
a10 = 1234, d = 15 a15 = 32, d = 0, 5
a8 = 9, d = 4 a100 = 0, d = 2
a1 = 5 d = 2
13
a1 = 1 a8 = 15

a15 = 121, a21 = 400

a10 = 3, a15 = 18
a15 = 18, a31 = 14
a5 = 15, a15 = 3

2a1 + d(n 1)
Sn = n.
2

a1 = 2, d = 3 a5 = 10, d = 2
a1 = 4, d = 7 a6 = 3, d = 4
a2 = 8, d = 6
K
r%
n
K
r n
Kn
K
r
%
365

3
b1 = 5, q = 3 b1 = , q= 2
8
1
b1 = 4, q = b1 = 0, 1, q = 5
2
 2; 4; 8; . . . 4; 2; 1; . . .
20; 10; 5; . . . 1; 0, 5; 0, 25; . . .

b6 = 38, 4, q = 2 b4 = 0, 024, q = 0, 2
1
b1 = 3 q =
5

qn 1
Sn = b1 , q 6= 1.
q 1

b1 = 1, q = 4, n = 8
1
b1 = , q = 2, n = 9
6
1
b1 = , q = 1, 5, n = 4
2
b1 = 3, q = 1, 2, n = 7
 K
r
n

4
 A

r% n

A
r% t
n
 A
S
r%
n
S
A
n
r%
K
r%
A
n
A
A

B
 A

B B

A B

A B A

A
B
C
D

A B
A B
a1 = 3000 b1 = 5000
a2 = 2000 b2 = 1000
a3 = 1000 b3 = 1000
a4 = 5000 b4 = 1000

A B
a1 = 1000 b1 = 5000
a2 = 2000 b2 = 4000
a3 = 2000 b3 = 0
a4 = 6000 b4 = 1000
 A B
A

A B
A

B
 n 2n 1
an = an =
n + 1◆
✓ n3
n
1
an = an = ( 1)n (4n + 1)
3
( 1)n · n ( 1)n 1
an = an =
3n n2 (n + 1)
2n (2n 1)!
an = an =
(n + 2)! (n!)2

1 1 1 1 1 1 1
, , , ,... 1, , , ,...
2 4 6 8 3 5 7
1 2 3 4 3 5 7 9
, , , ,... , , , ,...
4 7 10 13 4 8 12 16
1 1 1 1 3 5 7
, , , ,... 1, , , , . . .
3 9 27 81 2 4 8
5 9 13 17 5 10 15 20
, , , ,... , , , ,...
4 11 18 25 7 13 19 25
 1
an = n ! 1
n
0 ✓ n0 (")
◆ " = 0, 1
1
an = 2+
n
n!1 n0 (") " = 0, 01
" = 0, 001
3n + 2
an =
n+1
n!1 n0 (") " = 0, 1
n + ( 1)n
an =
n
1
n!1 n0 (") "=
4

4n + 2
lim
n!1 7n + 6
2 5n
lim
n!1 n + 3

n2 + 8n 1
lim 2
n!1 n 7n + 3
2
4n + 7n 10
lim
n!1 9n2 + 13n + 2

(n 2)2 + (n + 5)2
lim
n!1 (n + 1)2 + (n 3)2
2 2
(2n + 1) 4n
lim
n!1 (2n + 3)2 4n2
4n3 + 5n2 + 2n + 1
lim
n!1 3n2 2n + 1
6n2 2
lim
n!1 3n3 + 1
 n4 + n2 + 9
lim
n!1 n2 + 9
2
n + 5n + 3
lim 5
n!1 n n4 + n2
✓ ◆
2n + 1 5 + 2n
lim
n!1 5n + 3 2 + 3n
(n + 1) + (n + 2)4
4
lim
n!1 (n 1)4 + 5n4
(n + 1)(n + 2)(n + 3)
lim
n!1 n3 + 1
(2n 1)(1 3n)(n + 1)
lim
n!1 (2n + 1)(3n + 2)(3n + 1)

(n3 + 1)2 + (3n3 + 2)2

lim
n!1 (n2 + 1)3 + (n2 2)3
(n + 2)(n2 + 4)(n3 1)
lim
n!1 (n2 3)(n3 + 4)(n4 5)
p
n2 + 1 + 2n
lim
n!1 n 1
p
n 2 n+2
lim p
n!1 n2 + 2n 3
p
9n4 + 2n3 1
lim p
n!1 n2 + n+1
p3
27n9 2n6 + 3
lim p
n!1 n4 + n2 2
2n+1 + 3n+1
lim
n!1 2n + 3 n
6n+1 + 2 · 4n
lim
n!1 7 · 4n+1 6n
 (n + 1)!
lim
n!1 (n + 1)! n!
(n + 2)! (n + 1)!
lim
n!1 (n + 1)! + (n + 2)!

n!
lim
n!1 (n + 1)! + (n + 2)!

(n + 1)! + (n + 3)!
lim
n!1 (n + 2)! + n!
(n + 4)! (n + 2)!
lim
n!1 (n + 4)! + (n + 2)!

n! + (n + 1)! + (n + 2)!
lim
n!1 n! + (n + 1)!
(n + 3)! + n!
lim
n!1 (n + 2)! n2
(n + 1)! + 5n
lim
n!1 2(n + 2)!
(n + 3)! + 4n
lim
n!1 3(n + 3)! 5 · 6n
(3n 2)! 2n
lim n
n!1 7 (3n 2)!
✓ ◆
1+2+···+n
lim + 3n
n!1 2n
✓ ◆
1+2+···+n
lim n
n!1 n
1 + 3 + 5 + · · · + (2n 1)
lim
n!1 n2 + 5
1 + 4 + 7 + · · · + (3n 2)
lim
n!1 1 + 6 + 11 + · · · + (5n 4)
 ✓ ◆
2 + 4 + 6 + · · · + 2n n
lim
n!1 n 3
1 2 + 3 · · · + (2n 1) 2n
lim
n!1 n+5
1 1
1+ +···+ n
lim 3 3
n!1 1 1
1+ +···+ n
7 7
1 1
1+ +···+ n
lim 4 4
n!1 1 1
1+ +···+ n
5 5
⇣p p ⌘
lim 3n 1 2n + 5
n!1
⇣p ⌘
lim 2
n +2 n
n!1
⇣p p ⌘
lim 2
n +5 n
n!1
⇣ p ⌘
lim 6n 2
7n + 1
n!1
⇣p p ⌘
lim n2 + n n2 n
n!1
⇣p p ⌘
lim n2 + 4n + 3 n2 n + 2
n!1
✓ ◆4n ✓ ◆n
1 4
lim 1 + lim 1 +
n!1 n n!1 n
✓ ◆6n+2 ✓ ◆n
1 3n + 5
lim 1 + lim
n!1 2n n!1 3n
✓ ◆n 3 ✓ ◆14n
7 3
lim 1 + lim 1 +
n!1 n n!1 7n
 ✓ ◆n+4 ✓ ◆n
n 3 1
lim lim 1 +
n!1 n+2 n!1 n+1
✓ ◆2n ✓ ◆n 1
n n + 12 4
lim lim
n!1 n 1 n!1 n+2
✓ ◆n+2 ✓ ◆ 23 n
3n + 8 1
lim lim 1+ 2
n!1 3n n!1 n +1
✓ ◆ n+2 ✓ 2 ◆5n+2
n2 + 3 3 n + 3n
lim lim
n!1 n2 + 2 n!1 n2 + 2
✓ ◆n2 +2n+4
n2 + 2n + 5
lim
n!1 n2 + 2n + 4
✓ ◆n2 +n
n2 + 5n + 8
lim
n!1 n2 + 5n + 5
✓ ◆n+1
3n2 n + 1
lim
n!1 3n2 + 2n 1
✓ ◆n 2
4n2 + 5n + 3
lim
n!1 4n2 n + 1
✓ 3 ◆n3 +1
3n + 2
lim
n!1 3n3 5

an = a1 + d(n 1)

a1 + an
Sn = ·n n
2
 bn = b1 q n 1

b1 (q n 1)
Sn = n
q 1

n(n + 1)
1+2+ 3+···+n =
2
1 + 3 + 5 + · · · + (2n 1) = n2
3n 1
1 + 3 + 3 2 + · · · + 3n 1 =
2
1 + 2 + 3 + · · · + n = (1 + 2 + 3 + · · · + n)2
3 3 3 3

1 1 1 p
p + p +···+ p > n n > 1 n 2 N
1 2 n

(1 + a)n > 1 + na, a> 1, a 6= 0,

n > 1, n 2 N.
 S (n)
n

S (n)
n!1

A
100A
S=
r
r%
 Y
g

Y (1 + g) r
(r > g)

(1 + r)
S=Y
r g
1
X 1
1 X 1
n=1
n(n + 1) n(n + 3)
n=1
X1 1
1 X 1
n=1
(n + 1)(n + 3) (2n 1)(2n + 1)
n=1
X1 1
2 X 5
n=1
(5n 2)(5n + 3) (6n 2)(6n + 4)
n=1
X1 1
1 X 3n
n=1
3n 7n
n=1
X1 1
n
5 +6 n X 3n + 4 n
n=1
30n 12n
n=1
X1 1
4n X 2n 3

n=1
9n+2 5n+1
n=1
1
X n 1
34 X 26
n

n n
n=1
82 n=1
33
 1
X 1
2n + 7 X 10n
n=1
3n 1 100n + 1
n=1
X1
X1 ✓ ◆2
5 n
n=1
n2 + 1 n 1
n=1

1
X
aq n 1
(a 6= 0),
n=1

|q| < 1
|q| 1
X1
1
n=1
n↵
↵>1
↵1
1 1 1
1+ p + p +···+ p +···
2 3 n
1 1 1
1+ + 2
+···+ +···
2·3 3·3 n · 3n 1
✓ ◆2 ✓ ◆3 ✓ ◆n
3 1 3 1 3 1 3
+ + +···+ +···
7 2 7 3 7 n 7
1 1 1 1
p +p +p +· · ·+ p +· · ·
2·1 3·2 4·3 n(n 1)
p p p
3 4 n+1
2+ + +···+ +···
2 3 n
X1 1
X
n3 + 3 1
p p
n=1 n7 n=1 n2 (n4 + 2)
1
X 1
n=1
ln(n + 1)

1 1 1 1
+ + +···+ +···
2 4 6 2n
1 1 1 1
+ + +···+ +···
7 12 17 5n + 2
1 1 1 1
+ 2 + 3 +···+ n +···
3 1 3 2 3 3 3 n
1 3 5 2n 1
2
+ 2 + 2 +···+ 2 +···
1 +1 2 +1 3 +1 n +1
X1 1
2n2 + 7 X 5n3 4
n=1
n3 6n4
n=1
X1
X1 p p
6n2 + 9 n+1 n
n 4 2
n=1 n=1
n

X1 1
n X 5n
n=1
3n 2n
n=1
1
X 1
2n+3 X 5n
n=1
7n n2 · 4n+1
n=1
X1 1
4 n X n5
n=1
n4· 3n en
n=1
X1 1
1 X n!
n=1
n! 5n
n=1
1
X 1
nn X 2n · n!
n=1
n! nn
n=1
X1
X1 p
(2n 1)! (n + 1) n
n=1
(n!)2 (n + 1)!
n=1

1 ✓
X ◆n 1 ✓ ◆n
n X 2n 1
n=1
2n + 1 3n + 5
n=1
1 ✓
X ◆n 1 ✓ ◆ n
2n2 + 3 X 3n2 + 1 2
n=1
n2 6 7n2 + 8
n=1
X1 ✓ ◆n2 X1 ✓ ◆ n2
1 n 1 n+1
n=1
4n n+1 n=1
2n n
X1 1
1 X 3n
n=1
(ln n)n n · 7n
n=1
X1 ✓ ◆3n 1 ✓ ◆2n
2n + 4 X n
n=1
n 1 5n + 1
n=1
1
X 1
nn X 7n 1

n=1
2n 3n 1 · nn
n=1
f (x) = 3x 2 g(x) = x x2

f (2) g(5) f (2) g(5)

g( 2) g( 3)
g(3)·f (0)
f ( 2) f (2)
f (x) = 3x + 2
f (1) f (a) f (a2 )
f (a + b) f (a b) f (a2 + b2 )
f (x) = 3
f (0) f (✓ 2)◆ f (c)
1
f (c + d) f
x (
2x 3, x  5,
f (x) =
6 3x, x > 5.

f (0) f (7) f ( 2)
f (5 + h) h > 0 f (5 h) h > 0
 8
>
<4x + 3, x < 0,
f (x) = 1 x2 , 0  x < 2,
>
:7, x > 2.

f (1) f (3) f ( 1)
f (0) f ( 3) f (2 + h) h > 0
f (x) = e2x+1 ✓ ◆
1
f (0) f f ( 1) f (2)
2
f (x) = ln x
f (1) f (e) f (e3 )
x
f (x) = 4 + 3x 1 ✓ ◆
1
f (0) f ( 1) f
2
f (x) = ax + b
f (1) = 3 f (2) = 5
f (3) = 1 f ( 1) = 4
f (x) = ax2 + bx + c
f (0) = 1 f (3) = 14 f (1) = 2
f ( 1) = 6 f (1) = 0 f (2) = 3

p p
y = x+1 y = 3 x2 + 3
p p
y = x3 1 y = 9 x2
p 1
y = x2 4 y=
4 x2
x+1 2
y= 2 y= 3
x 3x 4 x x
x 4 p 1
y= 2 y= x+ p
x + 2x 3 2+x
 1 p p
y=p y = x + 4+x
x4 16
p 3 p
y= x 1 p y = 4x x2
p 5 x p
y = rx 2 4x 12 y = 2 + x x2
x 2
y= y = lg(x2 1)
1 2x
2+x
y = lg
p2 x p p
y = x 2 + 2 x + x2 + 4
p 1
y = x2 3x + 2 + p
3 + 2x x2

f (x) = 3x f (x) = 3x 1
f (x) = 8x2 + 1 f (x) = x3 + 2
>
<1, x < 0,
f (x) = 0, x = 0,
>
: 1, x > 0;
(
3, 2<x< 1,
f (x) =
3, 1 < x < 2;
f (x) = x3 x f (x) = x4 x2
f (x) = x3 x2 f (x) = 2x4 + x3
x2 x
f (x) = f (x) =
2x2 + 1 x 1
x 1
f (x) = 2 f (x) = x +
x +1 x
f (x) g(x) '(x)
(x)
f (x) + g(x) '(x) + (x)
f (x) · g(x) '(x) · (x)
f (x)
f (x) · '(x)
'(x)
[f (x)]n ['(x)]n n2N

f (x) = 2x f (x) = 2x 3
f (x) = x + 2 f (x) = 3x 1
1 1
f (x) = x f (x) = x + 2
2 2
2 2
f (x) = x f (x) = x 2
3 3
f (x) = x2 f (x) = x2 + 1
f (x) = x2 3 f (x) = 2x2
f (x) = 2x2 + 4 f (x) = 3x2 1
f (x) = x2 f (x) = 3x2 + 1
f (x) = x2 + 2x 1 f (x) = 2 + x x2
f (x) = x2 + 2x + 3 f (x) = x2 + x

y = ax2 + bx + c (a < 0)
b b2 4ac
x= ymax =
2a 4a
y = ax2 +bx+c (a > 0)
b b2 4ac
x= ymin =
2a 4a

f (y) = 3x2 +6x 4 f (x) = 4x x2

f (x) = x2 4x+1 f (x) = 9 x2
f (x) = 3x2 + 18 f (x) = 3 2x2 + 8x
f (x) = x2 + 2x f (x) = 4 + 3x 6x2

f (x) = x2 + 6x + 5 f (x) = 2x2 + 6x

f (x) = 3x2 + 9x 1 f (x) = x2 + 9
f (x) = 2x2 4x + 1 f (x) = 4x2 9
f (x) = x2 2x + 1 f (x) = 6x + x2

5
P =6 Q P = P = 12 3Q
Q+3

y = 2x y = 3x
y = 3x + 2 y = 2x + 4
2 1
y= y=
x x
y = x3 + 2 y = x5

f (x) = x4 f : [ 1; 1] ! [0; 1]
4
f (x) = x f : [0; 2] ! [0; 16]
3
f (x) = x f : [ 1; 2] ! [ 1; 8]
4
f (x) = x + 1 f : [ 1; 2] ! [1; 17]
2
f (x) = x + 3 f : ( 2; 2) ! (3; 7)
f (x) = x3 f : ( 1; +1) ! ( 1; +1)
f (x) = ax a > 0 a 6= 1
f : ( 1; +1) ! (0; +1)
f (x) = loga x a > 0 a 6= 1
f : (0; +1) ! ( 1; +1)
 x2 + 2x + 5 x2 + 4x 1
lim lim
x!1 x2 + 1 x!2 x+5
x2 3 x3 + 1
lim
p lim
4 2
x! 3 x + x + 1 x! 1 x2 + 1

x2 5x + 10 2x + 3
lim lim
x!5 x2
25 x!3 x2 9
x 12 2x2 9x + 4
lim 2 lim
x!1 x 3x + 2 x!4 x2 + x 20
✓ ◆
3 2
lim
x!1 x3 1 x2 1◆
✓
4 1
lim 4
x!1 x 1 x 1
3x2 + 4x 5 4x5 3x2 + 8
lim lim
x!1 6x2 + 2x + 1 x!1 2x5 + 2x 1
x2
5x + 1 2x4 x + 3
lim lim
x!1 3x + 7 x!1 x3 8x + 5
3
2x2 x + 3 x 2x2 4
lim lim
x!1 x3 8x + 8 x!1 x4 + 7x 1
(5x 1)(3x + 7)(2x + 3)
lim
x!1 2x3 + x2 9
(3x + 2)4 (2x 5)3
lim
x!1 27x7 + 4x + 3
✓ ◆
x3
lim x
x!1 x2 + 1
✓ ◆
x2 8x3
lim
x!1 4x + 1 8x2 1
p
2x2 + 3x + 8 3x2 4x + 11
lim p lim p
x!1 6x 5 7x2 x!1 x4 2
 p
2x + 3 4x 3 3
lim p lim
x!1 x + 3
x x!3 x 3
p p
x 2 2x + 7 5
lim p lim p
x!4 x+5 3 x!9 3 x
3x
lim p p
x!0 5+x 5 x
⇣p p ⌘
lim x+3 x+2
x!1 ⇣ ⌘
p p
lim x2 + x x2 5x
x!1 ⇣p ⌘
lim x x2 + 1 x
x!±1 ⇣p ⌘
3
lim 1 x3 + x
x!1
a b

✓ ◆
x2 + 2
lim ax b = 0.
x!1 x+2
a b c

✓ ◆
x3 + 1 2
lim ax bx c = 0.
x!1 x+3

1 1
f (x) = f (x) = 2 x 3
x 5
1 1
f (x) = e x 1 f (x) =
x+3
x+3 x+1
f (x) = f (x) = 2
x(x2 4) x +1
x 1
f (x) =
x(x + 1)(x2 2)
 x
f (x) =
x2
+3
x x2 25
f (x) = f (x) =
x 4 x 5
1
f (x) =
(x 1)(x 5)
x
f (x) =
(x + 2)(x 3)

p
x3 + 1 5x x
f (x) = f (x) =
x+1
8 x 5
<x, x 6= 1,
f (x) = 1
: , x = 1;
82
<1
, x< 1,
f (x) = x
:x + 2, x 1;
(
x2 , x  3,
f (x) =
2x + 1, x > 3;
8
>
<x + 2, x  1,
f (x) = x2 + 1, 1 < x  1,
>
: x + 3, x > 1.
8
> 2
< x , x  1,
f (x) = 2, 1 < x  1,
>
: 2x2 , x > 1;
8
>
<2x 1, x < 1,
f (x) = 3x, 1  x < 1,
>
:x2 , x 1;
 8
> 2
<3x , x  0,
f (x) = 0, 0 < x  1,
>
: x3 , x > 1.
a
(
ex , x < 0,
f (x) =
a + x, x 0;
8 2
<x 4
, x 6= 2,
f (x) = x 2
:
a, x = 2;
 P = 2Q + 160
(T R) Q
Q0

(AC) Q
P = 80 2Q Q

P = 7Q + 150
(T C) = 40 + 10Q
Q
(T C) = 2Q + 600

(T C) = 2, 5Q + 300

(T C) = 5Q + 1000
 P +3Q = 30

P = Q + 50
20
(AC) = +6
Q

(T R) = Q2 +
80Q (T C) = 6Q + 640

(T C) = 5Q +
357 (T R) =
2Q2 + 70Q
 P = 4Q + 100
(T C) = 2Q + 80
A [ B = { 1; 1; 2; 9; 14; 17; 21}
A \ B = {9} A \ B = { 1; 2; 17}
B \ A = {1; 14, 21}
A [ B = { 7; 3; 3; 4; 5; 10; 11; 16}
A\B = ? A\B =A B\A=B
A [ B = {a, b, c, d, e, f }
A \ B = {a, c, d} A \ B = {f } B \ A = {b, e}
A [ B = {x, y, z}, A \ B = ?
A \ B = {x, y, z} B \ A = ?

53 217 59
6 2 3
99 300 90
44 1 12
4 2 7
111 3 99
131 7052
1
300 9900
36, 5 = 0, 0159 = 0, 0004358
21, 33 = 0, 001 = 0, 0000468
5, 47 = 0, 000452 = 0, 0000826
0, 9213 = 0, 00001 = 0, 0000108
7, 4 = 0, 05 = 0, 0067114
4, 32 = 0, 005 = 0, 0011587
1, 724 = 0, 000498 = 0, 0002889
2, 43 = 0, 0049 = 0, 0020205

11, 9022 2  S  12, 0982 2

 0, 0982
 0, 0082505

⇡
$
A $ B $
C $ $
$ $
$
$

⇡ $
$ $
 $
$
A ⇡ B

$
2x 3y + 7 = 0
3x 2y = 0
x + yp 7 = 0
3
y= x 3.
3
x y
+ = 1; y = 2x 4; 2x + y + 4 = 0.
2 4
x y x y
3 + 3 = 1, 5 + 10 = 1,
5 4 2 3
x y x y
7 + 7 = 1, + = 1.
8
3 2 3
8
3
y= x + 5, y= x + 2,
2
2 1 3 1
y= x+ , y= x+ .
5 10 2 2
2x y 3 = 0, 3x + y 7 = 0,
4x 7y 28 = 0, 7x + 2y 14 = 0.
p
y= 3 x + 1,

y=3
x= 1
135
x y
+ =1
4 4
(1; 2)
✓ ◆
1 5
;
✓2 3 ◆
1 13
;
5 5

y = x + 30
5x + 3y = 1500
x y
+ =1
25 200
9
F = C + 32 86 F 25 C
5
x < 15 x > 15
x = 15

x > 25 x < 20

A B $
A B

A B
$
A B
$

P = 2Q + 80
[0; 50] [0; 250]

P = 3Q + 100
[0; +1] [20; +1]

Q0 = 10, P0 = 30
Q0 = 12, P0 = 28
Q0 = 14, P0 = 24
Q0 = 20, P0 = 40

Q01 = 16, P01 = 6

Q02 = 12, P02 = 8
Q01 = 18, P01 = 4
Q02 = 10, P02 = 6
P0 = 40 Q0 = 20 P00 = 48 Q0 ; = 18

Q0 = 30, P0 = 60

Q0 = 20, P0 = 50
Q00 = 19, P00 = 55
Y = 170, C = 147
Y 0 = 175, C 0 = 150.
Y = 200, C = 100, S = 100
Y 0 = 300, C 0 = 120, S 0 = 180.
Y = 200 T = 50 C = 90 S = 60
r ⇡ 4, 13 Y ⇡ 2226 d Y
r
Y = 450
r = 11, 5, Y = 1075
p p
x1 = 2 5 i, x2 = 2 + 5 i
p p
x1 = 1 6 i, x2 = 1 + 6 i
p p
x1 = 2 6 i, x2 = 2 + 6 i
p p
3 23 3 23
x1 = i, x2 = 2 + 2 i
2 2
21 + i 6 + 7i 2 + 6i 15 12i
z1 + z2 = 6 4i, z1 z2 = 2 + 6i
z1 + z2 = 10 + 3i, z1 z2 = 3i
z1 + z2 = 7 3i, z1 z2 = 7 + 9i
z1 + z2 = 11 + 6i, z1 z2 = 3 + 12i
17 31 2 8
+ i i
50 50 17 17
2 1 5 7
i + i
5 5 37 37
18 3i 6 + 8i
28 49
+ i 12 + 12i.
13 13
6 8i 28 + 62i
1 + 17i 115 + 55i.
17 2 13
x= , y= x = , y = 15
7 7 2
11
x = 3, y = x = 2, y = 0.
2
0 16 48 5
 1 7 8 1
10 2 13 13
P5 = 5! = 120

3 9 3  2 0
3 3 3 2 3 4
3 3 3 3 4 5
 
1 2 3 1 2 3
1 2 3 2 2 3
2 3 2 3
1 1 5 11
1 4
6 2 3 7 6 2 2 7
4 2 5 4 7 13 5
2 1 5
2 3 3 2 2
2 1 7 6
4 3 4 2 1 5
3 2 10 11
2 3
7 4 14 9
4 3 7 1 5 5
6 10 8 13
2 3 2 3
3 2 3 8 1 3
6 1 4 12 7 6 1 4 26 7
6 7 6 7
4 4 3 5 5 4 1 4 0 5
1 0 5 4 1 1
2 3
4 13 3
6 7 19 10 7
6 7
4 10 4 27 5
14 1 26
2 3
7 6 5 7
4 9 12 3 3 5
6 30 11 8
1
a=3 b=4 c=
2
a = 2 b = 4 c= 15 
⇥ ⇤ 9 16 1 0
4 11
16 1 0 1
2 3
⇥ ⇤ 6 10 12
26 4 0 0 0 5
3 5 6
2 3 2 3
1 6 3 0 0 0
4 2 8 5 5 4 0 0 0 5
3 17 8 0 0 0
2 3 2 3
42 0 0 3 1 1
4 0 42 0 5 4 0 1 4 5
0 0 42 7 3 5
2 3
 4
8 8 4 18 5
14 14
18
1 2 0 1 1
33 30 24 0
x= 4 x1 = 3 x2 = 3
x=4 x1 = 3 x2 = 2
x 2 ( 1; 0) [ (3; +1)
x 2 [ 1; 1] x 2 ( 8; 1)

 " 1 2 #
3 1
5 2 3 3
1 3
2 3 2 3
1 4 3 8 29 11
4 1 5 3 5 4 5 18 7 5
1 6 4 1 3 1
2 3
7 1
6 2
6 3 3 77
6 5 1 7
6 1 7
4 3 3 5
2 1 1
 
2 23 7 3
0 8 4 2
2 3 2 3
2 2 3 3 2 0
4 1 1 0 5 4 4 5 2 5
1 2 1 5 3 0
$ $ $
⇥ ⇤ ⇥ ⇤>
A = 100 300 400 B = 20 10 30
2 3
2 3 1 1 ⇥ ⇤>
C=4 1 0 2 1 5 D= 2 1 2 3
2 1 0 3
⇥ ⇤ ⇥ ⇤
A · B = 17000 ACD = 9500
 2 3
⇥ ⇤ 3 3 4 4
A= 20 30 40 B=4 3 3 4 4 5
3 3 4 4
2 3
⇥ ⇤ 20 0 0
E4 = 1 1 1 1 D = 4 0 30 0 5
0 0 40
⇥ ⇤
AB = 270 270 360 360
⇥ ⇤
E4 B > · D = 280 420 560
⇥ ⇤
E4 (AB)> = 1260
 
1800 11 12 16
AB = AC =
2100 21 15 10
2 3
35 
6 25 7 410
CD = 6 7
4 50 5 ACD =
435
55
⇥ ⇤ ⇥ ⇤
E2 AB = 3900 E2 ACD = 845
⇥ ⇤
E2 AB E2 ACD = 3055

(3; 2; 1) (6;
✓ 0; 3)◆
3 5
( 2; 4; 1) ; ;2
2 2 ✓ ◆
3 11
; ;1
7 7
(1; 2; 3); (✓ 3; 0; 4) ◆
3 2
(10; 20; 30); ; ; 1
5 5
(3; 2; 0)
✓ ◆
5 2z 1 5z
; ;z
✓ 3 3 ◆
12 + 7z 4 + 23z
; ;z
19 19
(2 + 3y z; y; z) (0; 0; 0)
P (7; 9; 6) Q(4; 2; 4)
P (3; 4; 5) Q(250; 100; 150)
⇥ ⇤>
X = 30 50 20
⇥ ⇤>
X = 10 5 8
Q1 = 1600, Q2 = 1700, Q3 = 1260
120 220 70
b12 = ; b22 = ; b32 = ;
111 111 111
32, 44 · 106
Z= .
2222 3
270000
1 4
Q= 228000 5
66 213000
2 3 2 3
0, 1 0, 2 0, 3 10000
A = 4 0, 3 0, 2 0, 4 5 q = 4 5000 5
0, 3 0, 1 0, 1 8000
2 3
1041 · 104
1 4
Q= 1110 · 104 5
453 873 · 104
2 3 2 3
0 0, 3 0, 3 2000
4
A = 0, 4 0 0, 2 5 q = 4 1000 5
0, 2 0, 4 0, 2 1000
2 3
216 · 104
1 4
Q= 178 · 104 5
504 206 · 104
 2 3 2 3
0 0, 2 0, 2 120000
4
A = 0, 3 0, 1 0, 4 5 q = 4 100000 5
0, 4 0, 3 0, 1 150000
2 3
1458 · 105
1 4
Q= 2026 · 105 5
514 2180 · 105
2 3 2 3
0, 2 0 0 100
A=4 0 0, 2 0, 1 5 q = 4 45 5
0, 3 0, 2 0, 5 300
2 3
38000
1 4
Q= 45000 5
304 223200

4; 9; 14; 19; 24 2; 4; 6; 8; 10
1; 3; 5; 7; 9 15; 22; 29; 36; 43
an = 3n 2 an = 6n 2
a4 = 19 a5 = 23 a10 = 43 a100 = 403
a4 = 1 a5 = 4 a10 = 19 a100 = 289
a4 = 10 a5 = 14 a10 = 34 a100 = 394
a4 = 10 a5 = 12 a10 = 22 a100 = 202
a1 = 1099 a1 = 25
a1 = 19 a1 = 198
n = 10
d=2
a1 = 530; d = 46, 5 a1 = 46; d = 2
a1 = 24; d = 3 a1 = 22, 2; d = 1, 8
100 228 184 88 72
8500
10800$
2500$ ⇡ 44, 4%
540$
⇣ nr ⌘
K 1+
100
42480$
1904$
21600$
4050$
5000$

⇡ 2087$ ⇡ 313$
5040$
7560$

11520$
3%
15700$
⇡ 19907, 4$
13000$

5%
⇡ 362, 5$
⇡ 8170$
3 3 3
5; 15; 45; 135 ; ; ; 3
8 4 2
1
4; 2; 1; 0, 1; 0, 5; 2, 5; 12, 5
2
 ✓ ◆n 1
n 1
bn = 2 bn = 4
2
20 1
bn = bn =
2n 1 2n 1

b1 = 1, 2 b1 = 3
n=6
21845 ⇡ 85, 17 4, 0625 ⇡ 6, 25
⇡ 6449, 73
4913
617248, 8$⇣ r ⌘n
Kn = K 1 +
100
⇡ 6319$
⇡ 3478$
⇡ 9238$
⇡ 4637$
⇡ 41096$
⇡ 1739$ ⇡ 239$
⇡
⇡ 12812$
p
r > 5 1, 05 1 · 100
⇡9
⇡6
500$
⇡ 601$
⇡ 6026$
⇡ 3380, 5$
⇡ 9286$
⇡ 19126$ ⇡ 19347$
 ✓ ◆365·4
12
⇡ 19256, 5$ 12000 1 + $
36500
⇡ 25659, 7$ ⇡ 26518, 5$
✓ ◆365·3
24
⇡ 26158, 5$ 13000 1 + $
36500
⇡ 7894$ ⇡ 7871$
✓ ◆ 365·4
6
⇡ 7880$ 10000 1 + $
36500
⇡ 158063$ ⇡ 157451, 5$
✓ ◆ 365·3
8
⇡ 157699$ 200000 1+ $
36500
⇡ 11
⇡ 10
⇡ 10
lg 3, 5
12
365 lg(1 + 365
)
p
⇥ 48 ⇤
⇡ 66, 71% 10 1 1200%
p
⇥ 1460 ⇤
⇡ 61, 92% 10 1 36500 %
1 lg 7
4 lg 1, 03
q 12n 1 r
S12n = Aq q =1+
q 1 1200
⇡ 13529$ n ⇣
q 1 r ⌘t
Knt = Aq q = 1+
q 1 100t
⇡ 2461$
⇡ 1351$
⇡ 1003$
⇡ 1, 706%
⇡ 0, 408%
⇡ 26, 82%
⇡ 42, 58%
⇡ 21, 55%
⇡ 11, 03%
⇡ 1, 23%
⇡ 9, 273%

4%

1, 5%
q 1 r
A = Sq n n q =1+
q 1 100
n
q 1 r
S = Aq n q =1+
q 1 ⇣ 100 ⌘
q 1 r 4
A = Kq n n q = 1+
q 1 400
⇡ 2447, 08$
⇡ 2924, 5$
⇡ 1055$
⇡ 115$
⇡ 185, 7$
⇡ 1647 ⇡ 98820 ⇡ 165542$
lg 1, 25
lg 1, 03

⇡ 10622$
⇡ 49202, 4$
 lg 1, 3
⇡
lg 1, 05
lg 1, 28
⇡
4 lg 1, 02
⇡ 7434, 2$
⇡ 10592, 1$
⇡ 14, 4
⇡ 7, 72%
⇡ 41141, 18$
⇡ 6215, 8$ ⇡ 18, 93%
⇡ 55421$
⇡3
⇡ 30388$ ⇡ 24681$ ⇡ 319$ ⇡ 4, 66%
⇡ 64930$ 10%
A ⇡ 8002$ B ⇡ 3892$
A
B
A B

234, 52$

A ⇡ 6, 37% B ⇡ 6, 2%
A ⇡ 6863 B ⇡ 7194
B
1 2 3 4 3 5 7
, , , ; 1, , , ;
2 3 4 5 8 27 64
1 1 1 1
, , , ; 5, 9, 13, 17;
3 9 27 81
1 2 3 4 1 1 1 1
, , , ; , , , ;
3 9 27 81 2 12 36 80
1 1 1 1 3 10 35
, , , ; 1, , ,
3 6 15 45 2 3 4
1 ( 1)n+1 n
2n 2n 1 3n + 1
2n + 1 n+1 2n 1
( 1)
4n 3 n 2n 1
4n + 1 5n
( 1)n
7n 3 6n + 1
n0 = 10 n0 = 100 n0 = 1000
n0 = 9 n0 = 4
4 4 1
5 1 1 1
7 9 3
4 1
0 1 0 1
15 3
1
5 0 3 1 3
3
1 3 6 1 1 0
1
1 1 1 1 0
3
3
1 1 1 1 1
5
9 16
1 1 0 1
7 15
4 4
1 1 2, 5 e e e3
5
e3 e7 e6 e 5
e e2
8
e2,5 e3 1 1 e15
e
 7
e3 e 1 e1,5 e3
800 e0,3
11000 (1, 08)10 11000 (1, 04)20
✓ ◆120
1
11000 (1, 02)40 11000 1 +
150
✓ ◆3650
2
11000 1 + 11000 e0,8
9125
7000 (1, 12)4 7000 (1, 06)8
7000 (1, 03)16 7000 (1, 01)48
✓ ◆35040
1
7000 1 + 7000 e0,48
73000
9000 e 0,18; 9000 (1 e 0,18 )
4
20 ln
3
5
20 ln
4
12000 e0,16 12000 (e0,16 1)
8500 e 0,72
12, 5 ln 2
25 ln 3
5 ln 4
S (n) = 2 · 105 (1 (1, 12) n ) ; S = 2 · 105
4 · 104
11 5 1 2 5
1
18 12 2 15 24
1 3 9 5 4 1
2 p 4 20 p 6 405 60
4 6
3 2
p p p p
8 43 3
3 62
 3
4 20 24 12 3
4
5 3a + 2 3a2 + 2 3a + 3b + 2
3a 3b + 2 3a2 + 3b2 + 2
3 3 3 3 3
3 15 7 9 3h 7 2h
0 7 1 1 9 7
1 5
e 1 e e
0 1 3
3 1
0 3 2
4 2
3 13
f (x) = 2x + 1 f (x) = x+
4 4
f (x) = x2 + 2x 1 f (x) = 2x2 3x + 1
x 2 [ 1; +1) x 2 ( 1; +1)
x 2 [1; +1] x 2 [ 3; 3]
x 2 ( 1; 2] [ [2; +1)
x 2 ( 1; 2) [ ( 2; 2) [ (2; +1)
x 2 ( 1; 1) [ ( 1; 4) [ (4; +1)
x 2 ( 1; 1) [ ( 1; 0) [ (0; 1) [ (1; +1)
x 2 ( 1; 3) [ ( 3; 1) [ (1; +1) x 2 ( 2; 0]
x 2 ( 1; 2) [ (2; +1) x 2 [ 4; 0]
x 2 [1; 5) x 2 [0; 4]
x 2 (✓ 1; 2] [ [6; +1) x 2 [ 1; 2]
1
x2 ;2 x 2 ( 1; 1) [ (1; +1)
2
x 2 ( 2; 2)
x=2 x 2 ( 1; 1] [ [2; 3)

n = 2k n=
2k 1
1 4 5 9
18 11 1 4, 375
4 4, 5 7, 75 9
 1 9 0 9
5Q
(T R) = 6Q Q2 (T R) =
Q+3
(T R) = 12Q 3Q2
x 1 x 2
y= y= x y=
2 3 3
x+4
y=
2
2 1 p p
y= y= y= 32 x x= 5 y
x x

11
4 0 0
7
7
1 1 2
9
1 3
2 2
1
2 1 1
2
0 0 15 24
0 1
2 2
3 2
7 3
3 6 p
3 5
2 5
1
0 3 0
2
a=1 b= 2
a=1 b= 3 c=9
5 3
1 3 0, ±2 ?
 p
0, ± 2, 1 ? 4 5
1, 5 2, 3

x= 1
x= 1 x=1
x=1 x=1
a=1 a=4
781, 25
4000
950 36100
900; 9
8100; 9
10
40
50
(AC) = + 58
Q
⇧ = 2Q2 + 72Q 70 1 35 18
2
⇧ = 7Q + 140Q 40 10 80
5500
(F C) = 50 (V C) = 1050
⇧ = 2Q 400 200 0 200
2500 3000
300 2 < P  3, 2
2, 5 < P  4, 5
500
1 22
⇧ = 3Q2 + 28Q 20 ; 9 2;
3 3
⇧ = Q2 + 44Q 20 22 42 2
10 < Q < 64 729
7  Q  25, 5 171, 125
20