INTRODUCTION TO JOURNALISM

SEPTEMBER MOCK 2022

Time allowed
Three hours

Instructions
 Write the question number next to each answer in your answer booklet.
 You are not required to rewrite the question in your answer booklet.
 Ensure that you pay particular attention to words in bold.

Information
 Different questions may carry a different number of marks.
 Marks for each question are shown in [ ].

Advice
 Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
 Use the full time permitted and check all your answers.

Materials
 Notes or books are not permitted.
 Non-programmable calculators are permitted.

ANSWER ANY FIVE QUESTIONS FROM THE FOLLOWING EIGHT QUESTIONS \

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1. (a) Outline five types of newspaper column. °"

[10 marks]
(b) Describe the method a newspaper journalist can use for adapting a speech to a

story. [10 marks]

2. (a)
Suggest clearer alternatives for the cliches/idioms in bold by rewriting each of the

following sentences:
(i) Heavy smoking had taken its toll on his lungs. [2 marks]

(ii) The politician said he wants a level playing field for marginalised sectors of
 society. [2 marks]
(iii) The low test results came as a wake-up call to the teacher. [2 marks]

(iv) There was a jaw-dropping moment when the stage set nearly collapsed. [2 marks]

(v) The boy's parents hit the roof when they discovered what he had done. [2 marks]

(vi) After negotiations broke down, they had to go back to square one. [2 marks]

(b) Suggest an abbreviation for each of the following words in bold to produce a
more natural speech in a script for broadcasting:
(i) They will be parading through the city at 11 o'clock. [2 marks]

(ii) She is expected to take the gold in the 100 metres. [2 marks]
(iii) Here is the weather forecast. [2 marks]

(iv) The charity workers do not know when the supplies will arrive. [2 marks]

3. (a) Explain the advantages of using sound bites in a radio/television news

programme. [8 marks]
(b) Outline one challenge of using a sound bite. [2 marks]
(c) Discuss the American 'Happy Talk' banter style approach to news presentation

including the appropriateness of its use. [10 marks]

4. (a) Outline six considerations for choosing suitable sources according to Gans (1980). [12 marks]

(b) Suggest a report topic appropriate for each of the following sources:
(i) Transport companies [2 marks]

(ii) Trade Unions [2 marks]

(iii) Local Chambers of Commerce [2 marks]

(iv) Arts groups [2 marks]

5. (a) Explain the difference between objective and subjective writing. Use examples to

support your explanation. [6 marks]

(b) Suggest one situation which is challenging to report objectively. [2 marks]
(c) Suggest two examples of topics where it is acceptable to write subjectively. [4 marks]

(d) Explain the origins of the phrase 'agenda setting' in Mccombs and Shaw (1972)
study of media coverage during the 1968 presidential election campaigns. [4 marks]
(e) Outline two examples of 'moral panics' influenced by media sensationalism. [4 marks]
6. (a) Outline the information each of the following can be used to demonstrate,
including a sketch of each to support your answer:
(i) Pie chart [3 marks]
(ii) Line chart [3 marks]
(iii) Bar chart [3 marks]
(iv) Table [3 marks]
(b) Suggest four images that could be used to display the best overview of a band
performing at an outdoor music concert.
[8 marks]

7. (a) Suggest three ways to add emphasis to speech when presenting on radio or

television including reasons for your suggestion. [12 marks]

(b) Suggest one change that must not be made to speech including the reason for
your suggestion. [4 marks]
(c) Explain what is meant by autocue including the way it works.
[4 marks]

8. (a) Outline five ethical guidelines journalists must follow.

[10 marks]

(b) Explain what is meant by the term 'fair dealing'. [8 marks]

(c) Outline the
0
difference between slander and libel. [2 marks]

END OF QUESTIONS

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