RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE 1

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EXERCISES
Remember to check your answers carefully with the Answers to Exercises, page 875.

A Complete the medical terms based on the definitions and word parts given.
1. Obstructing the passage of x-rays: radio
2. Permitting the passage of x-rays: radio
3. Aids physicians in performing ultrasound procedures: grapher
4. Transformation of stable substances into charged particles: ization
5. Radioactive drug administered for diagnostic purposes: radio
6. Radioactive chemical that gives off energy in the form of radiation: radio
7. A physician who specializes in diagnostic radiology: radi
8. Study of the uses of radioactive substances in the diagnosis of disease: medicine

B Match the special diagnostic techniques below with their definitions.

computed tomography magnetic resonance imaging
contrast studies ultrasonography
interventional radiology
1. Radiopaque substances are given and conventional x-rays taken . 20
2. Use of echoes of high-frequency sound waves to diagnose disease .
3. A magnetic field and radio waves are used to form images of the body .
4. X-ray pictures are taken circularly around an area of the body, and a computer synthesizes the
information into composite images .
5. Therapeutic procedures are performed by a radiologist under the guidance of CT, MRI, or
ultrasonography .

C Match the diagnostic x-ray test in Column I with the part of the body that is imaged
in Column II.
COLUMN I COLUMN II

1. myelography A. spinal cord

B. uterus and fallopian tubes
2. retrograde pyelography C. blood vessels
3. angiography D. esophagus, stomach, and small intestine
E. lower gastrointestinal tract
4. upper GI series F. urinary tract
G. bile vessels (ducts)
5. cholangiography
6. barium enema
7. hysterosalpingography
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D Match the x-ray views or positions in Column I with their meanings in Column II. Write the
letter of the answer in the space provided.
COLUMN I COLUMN II

1. PA A. on the side
B. turned inward
2. supine C. movement away from the midline
3. prone D. lying on the belly
E. x-ray tube positioned on an angle
4. AP F. bending a part
G. straightening a limb
5. lateral
H. lying on the back
6. oblique I. lying down on the side
J. lying down; prone or supine
7. lateral decubitus K. anteroposterior view (front to back)
L. turning outward
8. adduction M. posteroanterior view (back to front)
N. movement toward the midline
9. inversion
10. abduction
11. recumbent
12. eversion
13. flexion
14. extension

E Give the meanings of the following medical terms.

20 1. in vitro
2. in vivo
3. radiopharmaceutical
4. tracer studies
5. uptake
6. perfusion lung scan
7. ventilation lung scan
8. bone scan
9. thyroid scan
10. technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi scan
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F Give the meanings of the following terms.

1. gamma camera
2. positron emission tomography (PET)
3. radioisotope
4. transducer
5. echocardiography
6. lymphoscintigraphy
7. radioactive iodine uptake test
8. PET/CT scan

G Give the meanings of the following word parts.

1. -gram 5. pharmaceut/o
2. ultra- 6. son/o
3. vitr/o 7. therapeut/o
4. viv/o

H Give the meanings of the abbreviations in Column I and then select from Column II the best
association for each. 20
COLUMN I COLUMN II
1. MRI A. X-ray examination of the kidney after
injection of contrast
2. SPECT B. Diagnostic procedure frequently used to
3. PACS assess fetal size and development
C. X-ray examination of the esophagus,
4. UGI stomach, and intestines
D. X-ray of blood vessels made by taking two
5. CXR
images (with and without contrast) and
6. DSA subtracting the digitized data for one from
the data for the other
7. IVP E. Radioisotope used in nuclear medicine
8. LAT (tracer studies)
F. Radioactive substances and a computer
9. U/S used to create 3D images
G. Diagnostic procedure produces magnetic
10. Tc-99m
resonance images of all three planes of the
body and visualizes soft tissue in the
nervous and musculoskeletal systems
H. Replacement of traditional films with
digital equivalents
I. X-ray view from the side
J. Diagnostic procedure (x-rays are used)
necessary to investigate thoracic disease
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I Circle the correct term to complete each sentence.

1. Mr. Jones was scheduled for ultrasound-guided thoracentesis. He was sent to the (interventional
radiology, radiation oncology, nuclear medicine) department for the procedure.
2. In order to better visualize Mr. Smith’s small intestine, Dr. Wong ordered a (perfusion study,
SBFT, hysterosalpingography). She hoped to determine why he was having abdominal pain and
diarrhea.
3. After a head-on automobile collision, Sam was taken to the emergency department in an
unconscious state. The paramedics suspected head trauma, and the doctors ordered an emergency
(PET scan, U/S, CT scan) of his head.
4. In light of Sue’s symptoms of fever, cough, and malaise, the doctors thought that the consolidated,
hazy (radioisotope, radiolucent, radiopaque) area on the chest x-ray represented a pneumonia.
5. Fred, a lung cancer patient, experienced a seizure recently. His oncologist ordered a brain
(ultrasound, pulmonary angiogram, MRI) that showed a tumor involving the left frontal lobe of
the brain. Fred was treated with Gamma Knife irradiation, and the tumor decreased in size. He has
had no further seizures.
6. Tom recently developed a cough and fever. A chest x-ray and (CT, myelogram, IVP) of the chest
show that a (pelvic, spinal, mediastinal) mass is present. (Mediastinoscopy, Cystoscopy, Lumbar
puncture) and biopsy of the mass reveal Hodgkin disease on histopathologic examination. He is
treated with chemotherapy, and his symptoms disappear. A repeat x-ray shows that the mass has
decreased remarkably, and a (SPECT, MRI, PET) scan shows no uptake of 18F-FDG in the chest,
indicating that the mass is fibrosis and not tumor.
20 7. Paola, a 50-year-old woman with diabetes, experiences chest pain during a stress test, and her (U/S,
ECG, EEG) shows evidence of ischemia. A (contrast agent, transducer, radiopharmaceutical)
called technetium Tc 99m sestamibi (Cardiolite) is injected IV, and uptake is assessed with a
(probe, CT scanner, gamma camera), which shows an area of poor perfusion in the left ventricle.
8. Sally has a routine pelvic examination, and her (neurologist, gynecologist, urologist) feels an
irregular area of enlargement in the anterior wall of the uterus. A pelvic (angiogram, U/S study,
PET scan) is performed, which demonstrates the presence of fibroids in the uterine wall. The
examination involves placing a gel over her abdominopelvic area and applying a (ultrasound
transducer, radionuclide, MRI scanner) to send/receive sound vibrations to/from the pelvic region.
9. Sally was having palpitations in the early evening. An ECG revealed possible left ventricular
hypertrophy. Her physician ordered an (ECHO, EUS, UGI) to rule out valvular heart disease.
10. Joe, a 75-year-old man with a long smoking history, noticed blood in his sputum. His primary care
physician ordered a/an (abdominal CT, chest CT, ultrasound of his heart) to make the diagnosis.