TOP SHEET FUTURE INSTITUTE OF TECIINOLOGY CONTINUOUS ASSESSMENT (CA) - ODD / EVEN SEMESTER 202__ THEORY PAPER (CA -~ 1/2/3/4) (Please tick the applicable one) NAMEOFTHEsTuDeNT_ANIREAN Manna oepr._CSE sem_6™_universiry nou no, 34200121045 UNIVERSITY REGN. No,_2'3420l00 110015 of 2021-22 ee PAPERNAME__@mputox Networks papercooe PCC~¢S602 DATE OF TesT__©1103+ 24 | FULLMARKS___25_ SIGNATURE OF THE STUDENT __~Anixbaw. SIGNATURE OF THE TAGGED TEACHER __ GuS.Shace Godnatierdoy| Introduction | In agile Communication , information is lransmilled as a sequence of binary digils Cbits), typically represenled by vellege levels «Line Coding, schemes deline how these bits are encoded onto a transmission medium » Bipolor Encoding. is specific type of line coding, det utilizes Lhevee — volbage levels * a posilive vollege LAV) ,% negotive voltage (A) rand a re voltage (ov) - This allows for ellicient data transmission while addressing centain limifedions ol ober coding schemes: Roblem Definition Traditional line ceding: schermes, 05 Unipolar Non- Return | to zevo CNRZ) and Polar NRZ, con suffer from a De component, eoeea the average voltage level is not zero. This can lead 40 wsues like dranstormer core saturation and power line hum. Additionally ; some eee olen ecee nea it difficult 40 @ vecover the original dab. at the Yecciving cnd. Bipolar encoding. aims lintladion s By; Lo over-come these Eliminating dhe DG @mponent: By using. allernalive Positive and negati Vol ages doy dota bits, dhe overge voltage remai oy __Welefes Ter dale bts ains a = +— || : Zerve , ve solving yelaled Issues, eEn neing Sy ncvonizalion ! Specific encoding schemes wilhin bipolar coding o- Hex builk = 1 spnchyon zation mechanisms facilitating acurate date yecovery. iscussion: Bipolar ence ding lens severe) advantages over obher Uimve. Coking sehers: O Three _voltog levels : Zero, posilive , negative volhage © One bit is represented by and the other bit is veprented by alternating. positive A rege live voltage.» zeve voltage | © Tmproved noite manip? The ve of alternating. postive) Hers better noise immunity Vive. voltages © and ne d to uni polar schems+ Compare as noise tends to jmpack on the differential sigral- eee eral like AMZ, provide inherent odhin dhe encoded dole, aiding af the veciving. a However, bipolar encoding. also t Implementing bipolar fie bipolar encoding schems, cheking. informa bin has some limitstions. ee encoding YEQuUiY ES More Complex circutlyy comarved to Up unipolar schemes 1 Polentially meveasing cost and power' Consumplion: mn synchyoniza hon4 Higher powey, consumption: The Pre quent Hear cilion lead te between posilive and negative Voltages can consumption compared to umi polar higher power schemes with fewer fransilions about diflernd types of Bipolar Line Now discuss Encoding: L Alterrote Mark Inversion (amt) hee mosd wcommonly used bipolar encoding tks definitions and chesacteristics: J by @ zero voltage Ov) AMI is scheme’ Here's © Delinition® Logic 0: Re presente bogie LeRepresented by alternating positive Gy) and Cv) voltages. OAd vor tage : ' © DC balanced Gi) Bosie clockin wfieee ation due do\ dronsili- ons Gi) Simpler do imple ment Compared 40 other bipolar schemes et Monchesley 67 codi ngs O Disadvantages W Difficult to dis Hnguish consecutive 15 as both heve the Same polarilz, requiring oddilional mieckemisime, at the weiceINer: | Gi) Polential sy nchronization loss wilh long. strin of Os duc to the cbsence af dyansilions - e2 Poeude ten nary of AMI Scheme for bid 0, 2070 velloge for bit eNarialion : Alternating valbages tk 2 Definition: Logie 0: Represented by alternating. posifiv (4ve) and negadi ve CV) voltages - Logic L: Represented by & Zeve volt age (ov) vCharacteristics + WDC balanced 0+ oO «Improved Synehronization | ath long, strngs of Ls due | te transitions ~v @) More complex imple mentedin Compared to AMT: Resut! nal y $15 LA lysis The most common type of bipolar enceding Albey-| Mark Inversion (amt). In AML, & logical ° led by a ze7e voltage (Ov), while a log 4 by alter nating positive CtY) and J This ensures & provides basis clocking information | uires implementing- a | nm the first 1 and) beth will hove the! note is ve prese™ ca) L is encode negalive (-y) velbogcs sigrol and the dransifions. How ever, iE Yea mechanism 0 Subsequent’ Lo in & Same polarity | 4 -ple a valuable alleynative to schemes by eliminating the improved noite immunity and Bipolar encoding fyaditional line coding, Component and providing. lidics- However, the associated with De Synchromzedion capabi Syeron complexity and poweY consump tion dul Consi deve tion for bipolar encoding Specific applications im digi lal necessitate Care Communication» Bibli h ele 7 1. Tutreduction te Al gorithms’ Rivest Stein | 2 “Algoridhm Design" by Kleinberg and Tardes- | by Cory mer, leiserson, | 7