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FADUGBA Sunday Emmanuel Beamer Presentation8
FADUGBA Sunday Emmanuel Beamer Presentation8
FADUGBA Sunday Emmanuel Beamer Presentation8
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All content following this page was uploaded by Sunday Emmanuel Fadugba on 22 April 2023.
Ado Ekiti
5 Department of Mathematics, Tshwane University of
Technology
IEEE Conerence, Landmark University, April 5-7, 2023
S.E. Fadugba, M.O.Oluwayemi, A.O. Ajayi, O. Faweya, J.T. Okunlola
Fractionaland
Reduced...
M. Kekana
Abstract
Introduction
Definition of Terms
F-RDTM for the Solution of Measles Model with Non-Integer Order
Discussion of Results
Concluding Remarks
APPRECIATION
Outline
Abstract
Introduction
Definition of Terms
F-RDTM for the Solution of Measles Model with Non-Integer
Order
Numerical Simulations
Discussion of Results
Concluding Remarks
References
Appreciation
Abstract
This paper presents fractional reduced differential transform method
(F-RDTM) for the solution of measles model with fractional order
in a host community under Caputo sense. Fractional reduced differ-
ential transform method is the combination of the Caputo fractional
derivative and the reduced differential transform method (RDTM).
F-RDTM is a semi-analytical method for solving fractional partial
differential equations. The performance of F-RDTM in terms of
suitability and effectiveness was tested on an illustrative example.
Furthermore, the results obtained are presented and discussed exten-
sively to illustrate the solution of the model. Moreover, the physical
behaviour of the results was also captured in terms of plots by vary-
ing the fractional order.
Introduction
Most of the real life problems emanated from computational finance,
applied mathematics, physics, economics, engineering, medicine and
biomathematics are modelled by fractional differential equations; see
([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]). In many cases these equations
can be solved analytically and in some cases where the equations
have no analytical solutions, one way is to use numerical methods.
RDTM was first proposed by [11] and successfully used to solve
many types of nonlinear partial differential equations. Similar to the
traditional differential transformation method, RDTM demonstrates
feasible progress and efficiency of operation.
Introduction
Unlike other existing approaches, RDTM provides a simple way to
ensure the convergence of solution series; see ([12, 13, 14]), just to
mention a few. Many researchers have applied some existing methods
for the solution of fractional partial differential equations; such as
homotopy analysis method, Sumudu transform method, q-homotopy
analysis transform method, fractional natural decomposition method,
just to mention few; see ([15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20]). In this paper,
the solution of measles model in a host community with fractional
order via F-RDTM is proposed in a Caputo sense. F-RDTM does
not require
Introduction
linearization, perturbation or restrictive assumptions and offers solu-
tions with easily computable components as convergent series. Also,
it is a powerful approach that overcomes the deficiency that is mainly
caused by unsatisfied conditions. The emphasis is given to the Ca-
puto fractional derivative which is more suitable for the study of
differential equations with non-integer/fractional order. The rest of
the paper is structured as follows: Section Two presents some defi-
nitions of terms related to the study. In Section Three, the solution
of the model via F-RDTM is obtained. In Section Four, numerical
simulations are presented. Section Five captures the discussion of
results. Section Six concludes the study.
Definition of Terms
This section presents definitions of some concepts related to the
study ([21, 22]).
Definition 1: The Riemann-Liouville fractional derivative operator of
f (t) is defined as
Z t
q 1
0 Dt f (t) = (t − τ )n−q−1 f (τ )dτ (1)
Γ(n − q) 0
Definition of Terms
where q ≥ 0 is the order, f (t) ∈ Cρ is a function, ρ ≥ 1, Cρ is a
space and Γ(q) is the gamma function of q.
Definition 3: The Caputo fractional derivative operator of f (t) ∈
n , n ∈ N is defined as
C−1
t
1
Z
c q
0 Dt f (t) = (t − τ )n−q−1 f (n) (τ )dτ, (3)
Γ(n − q) 0
Definition of Terms
Definition 4: The Caputo time-fractional derivative operator of order
q > 0 is defined as
(
1
Rt n−q−1 u (n) (x, τ )dτ
c q Γ(n−q) 0 (t − τ ) q ∈ (0, 1],
D
o t u = n
∂ u(x,t) (4)
∂t n , q = n
Definition of Terms
Definition 5: The series representation of the form
∞ ∞
X zn X zn
Eq (z) = = , z ∈ C, (5)
Γ(nq + 1) (nq)!
n=0 n=0
Definition of Terms
kq
where c0 Dtkq ψ(x, t) = ∂ ∂t
ψ(x,t)
kq .
Definition 7: The inverse F-RDT of Ψk (x) is defined as
∞
X
ψ(x, t) = Ψk (x)(t − t0 )kq , 0 < q ≤ 1. (7)
k=0
Definition of Terms
Figure 1: The flow diagram for the fractional order measles model
S0 = a1 , E0 = a2 , I0 = a3 , R0 = a4 , (9)
N0 = S0 + E0 + I0 + R0 . (10)
where q is the fractional order, S = S(t) is the susceptible, E = E (t)
is the exposed, I = I (t) is the infected, R = R(t) is the recovered,
B is the immigration rate, γ is the recovery from infection rate, β is
the infected rate, µ is the natural death rate, α is the infected class
rate, σ is the epidemic therapy rate.
Applying F-RDTM to (8), yields, respectively
k
Γ(qk + 1) Bδ(k) − β
X
Sk+1 = Sj Ik−j − µSk , (11)
Γ(q(k + 1) + 1)
j=0
Numerical Simulations
The F-RDTM provides an approximate-analytical solution in terms
of an infinite power series. It is expedient to evaluate this solution
and to obtain numerical values from the infinite power series. For
numerical results, the following parameters in Table 2 are considered.
Table 2: The parameters values of measles model with fractional order [24]
719.68 q 1088.616 2q
S(t) = 600 − t + t
Γ(q + 1) Γ(2q + 1)
1425.4392 269.88Γ(2q + 1)
− + t 3q + ...,
Γ(3q + 1) Γ(3q + 1)(Γ(q + 1))2
485 1167.9 2q
E (t) = 250 + tq − t
Γ(q + 1) Γ(2q + 1)
1745.04 269.88Γ(2q + 1)
+ + t 3q + ...,
Γ(3q + 1) Γ(3q + 1)(Γ(q + 1))2
37.5 q 19.85 2q
I (t) = 100 − t + t
Γ(q + 1) Γ(2q + 1)
(19)
19.619 3q
− t + ...,
Γ(3q + 1)
72.5 q 99.25 2q
R(t) = 50 + t + t
Γ(q + 1) Γ(2q + 1)
307.855 3q
− t + ...
Γ(3q + 1)
S.E. Fadugba, M.O.Oluwayemi, A.O. Ajayi, O. Faweya, J.T. Okunlola
Fractionaland
Reduced...
M. Kekana
Abstract
Introduction
Definition of Terms
F-RDTM for the Solution of Measles Model with Non-Integer Order
Discussion of Results
Concluding Remarks
APPRECIATION
Discussion of Results
It is observed from Figures 2 and 3 that there is a sharp decrease
in the susceptible population and a sharp increase in the exposed
population as time t increases. It is clearly seen from Figure 4 that
as time t increases, the infected population decreases. The rapid
increase in the recovered population is due to the increase in time t
as shown in Figure 5. Figures 6, 7, 8, 9 show the physical behaviour
of the results generated via F-RDTM for different values of fractional
order q. It is observed from Figure 6 that there is a rapid decrease
in susceptible population as the fractional order q decreases.
Discussion of Results
This is expected because of the interaction of the population in this
compartment with the infected population. It is observed from Fig-
ure 7 that as the values of q decrease, there is a sharp increase in
the exposed population. Figure 8 show that there is no significant
difference in the infected population for different values of q. It is
also observed from Figure 9 that the recovered population increases
as q decreases with t = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6. It is clearly seen from Figure
9 that the recovered population decreases as the fractional order de-
creases with t = 0.8, 1.0.
Concluding Remarks
In this paper, the solution of fractional order measles model in a host
community with the help of F-RDTM was obtained. The numerical
simulation was performed to witness the interaction of the measles
model with fractional order against population in a host commu-
nity. F-RDTM provides the solution of the model in the form of a
convergent series without any restrictive assumptions. The physi-
cal behaviour of the results generated via F-RDTM was captured in
terms of plots for different values of q.
Concluding Remarks
It is observed that Caputo fractional derivative shows significant
changes and memory effects as compared with ordinary derivatives.
Moreover, it is noteworthy to conclude that F-RDTM is found to be
effective and suitable in obtaining both exact and approximate solu-
tions for fractional order measles model in a Caputo sense. Also,
F-RDTM reduces the numerical computations to a great extent.
Hence, higher accuracy can be achieved using F-RDTM by evaluat-
ing more components of the solution. Computations are performed
via MATLAB R2014a, Version: 8.3.0.552, 32 bit (win 32) in double
precision.
APPRECIATION
APPRECIATION
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