NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Maths

Chapter 2 – Inverse Trigonometric Functions

 1 1
1. Prove 3sin −1 x = sin −1 ( 3x − 4 x3 ) , x  − , 
 2 2

 1 1
Ans: To Prove 3sin −1 x = sin −1 ( 3x − 4 x3 ) , where x   − , 
 2 2

Let x = sin  . Then, sin −1 x =  .

We have given that,

R.H.S sin −1 ( 3x − 4 x3 ) = sin −1 ( 3sin  − 4sin 3  )

= sin −1 (sin 3 )

= 3

= 3sin −1 x = L.H .S

Hence proved.

1 
2. Prove 3cos −1 x = cos −1 ( 4 x3 − 3x ) , x   ,1
2 

1 
Ans: To Prove 3cos −1 x = cos −1 ( 4 x3 − 3x ) , x   ,1
2 

Let x = cos  . Then, cos−1 x = 

We have given that,

R.H S = cos −1 ( 4 x3 − 3x )

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 (
= cos −1 4 cos3  − 3cos  )
= cos−1 (cos3 )

= 3

= 3cos −1 x = L.H .S

Hence proved.

1 + x2 −1
3. Write the function in the simplest form: tan −1 ,x  0
x

−1 1 + x2 −1
Ans: tan
x

By putting x = tan    = tan −1 x

1 + x2 −1 1 + tan 2  − 1
 tan −1 = tan −1
x tan 

 sec  − 1  −1  1 − cos  
= tan −1   = tan  
 tan    sin  

 2   
 2sin  2  
tan −1    
 2sin cos  

 2 
 2

   1
= tan −1  tan  = = tan −1 x
 2 2 2

 1 − cos x 
4. Write the function in the simplest form: tan −1   , 0  x  
 1 + cos x 

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  1 − cos x 
Ans: Given that, tan −1   , x  
 1 + cos x 

 1 − cos x 
tan −1  
 1 + cos x 

 2 x

 2sin 
= tan −1  2 
 2 cos 2 x 
 2 


 x
 sin 
= tan −1  2
x
 cos 
 2

 x
= tan −1  tan 
 2

x
=
2

 cos x − sin x  − 3
5. Write the function in the simplest form: tan −1  , x
 cos x + sin x  4 4

 cos x − sin x 
Ans: We have given that, tan −1  
 cos x + sin x 

  sin x  
 1 −  cos x  
= tan  
−1 
 1+  sin x 
  cos x  
  

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  1 − tan x 
= tan −1  
 1 + tan x 

 −y 
= tan −1 (1) − tan −1 (tan x)  = tan −1 x − tan −1 y 
 x − xy 


= −x
4

x
6. Write the function in the simplest form: tan −1 ,| x | a
a − x2
2

x
Ans: We have given that, tan −1
a2 − x2

x  x
Let’s consider, x = a sin   = sin   sin −1  
a a

x
 tan −1
a − x2
2

 a sin  
= tan −1  
 a − a sin  
2 2 2

 a sin  
= tan −1  
 a 1 − sin  
2

 a sin  
= tan −1  
 a cos  

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 x
= tan −1 (tan  ) =  = sin −1
a

 3a 2 x − x3  −a a
7. Write the function in the simplest form: tan −1  2 
, a  0; x
 a − 3ax 
3
3 3

 3a 2 x − x3 
Ans: Consider, tan −1  2 
 a − 3ax 
3

x  x
Let’s consider, x = a tan   = tan    = tan −1  
a a

 3a 2 x − x3 
tan −1  3 2 
 a − 3ax 

 3a 2  a tan  − a3 tan 3  
= tan −1  
 a − 3a  a tan  
3 2 2

 3a3 tan  − a3 tan 3  

= tan −1  
 a − 3a tan  
3 3 2

= tan −1 (tan 3 )

= 3

x
= 3 tan −1
a

  1 
8. Find the value of tan −1  2 cos  2sin −1  
 2 

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 1
Ans: Let’s consider, sin −1 = x
2

1  
Then sin x = = sin  
2 6

1 
 sin −1 =
2 6

  1 
 tan −1  2 cos  2sin −1  
  2 

   
= tan −1  2 cos  2   
  6 

 
= tan −1  2cos 
 3

 1
= tan −1  2  
 2


= tan −1 1 =
4

1 2x 1 − y2 
9. Find the value of tan sin −1 + cos −1  ,| x | 1, y  0 and xy  1
2 1+ x

2
1 + y2 

Ans: Let consider, x = tan  .

Then,  = tan −1 x .

2x  2 tan  
 sin −1 = sin −1  
1+ x  1 + tan  
2 2

= sin −1 (sin 2 )

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 = 2

= 2 tan −1 x

Let’s assume, y = tan  . Then,  = tan −1 y .

 1− y2 
 cos −1  2 
 1+ y 

 1 − tan 2  
= cos −1  
 1 + tan  
2

= cos−1 (cos 2 )

= 2 = 2 tan −1 y

1  2x  −1  1 − y 
2

 tan sin −1  2 
+ cos  2 
2  1+ x   1 + y 

1
= tan  2 tan −1 x + 2 tan −1 y 
2

 −1 −1 −1 x + y 
 As, tan x + tan y = tan 1 − xy 
 

  x + y 
= tan  tan −1  
  1 − xy  

x+ y
=
1 − xy

 2 
10. Find the values of sin −1  sin 
 3 

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  2 
Ans: Let’s consider, sin −1  sin 
 3 

As we know that sin −1 (sin x) = x

  
If x   − ,  , which is the principal value branch of sin −1 x .
 2 2

2  −  
Here,  ,
3  2 2 

 2 
Now, sin −1  sin  can be written as:
 3 

 2 
sin −1  sin 
 3 

  2 
= sin −1 sin   − 
  3 

    −  
= sin −1  sin  , where   , 
 3 3  2 2

 2  −1   
 sin −1  sin  = sin sin  =
 3   3 3

 3 
11. Find the values of tan −1  tan 
 4 

 3 
Ans: Let’s Consider, tan −1  tan 
 4 

As we know that tan −1 (tan x) = x

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    3    
If x   − ,  , which is the principal value branch of tan −1 x . Here,  − , 
 2 2 4  2 2
.

 3 
Now, tan −1  tan  can be written as:
 4 

 3  −1   −3   −1    
tan −1  tan  = tan  − tan    = tan  − tan   −  
 4    4    4 

    −     
tan −1  − tan  = tan −1  tan    where −   − , 
 4   4  4  2 2

 3  −1   −   −
 tan −1  tan  = tan  tan   =
 4    4  4

 3 3
12. Find the values of tan  sin −1 + cot −1 
5 2 

3
Ans: Let’s consider, sin −1 = x .
5

3
Then, sin x =
5

4
 cos x = 1 − sin 2 x =
5

5
 sec x =
4

25 3
 tan x = sec2 x − 1 = −1 =
16 4

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 3
 x = tan −1
4

3 3
 sin −1 = tan −1 (i )
5 4

 3 3
Therefore, tan  sin −1 + cot −1 
 5 2 

 3 2
= tan  tan −1 + tan −1  [Using (i) and (ii)]
 4 3

  3 2 
 −1  4 + 3  
= tan  tan  
  1 − 3  2 
  4 3  

 −1 −1 −1 x + y 
 As, tan x + tan y = tan 1 − xy 
 

 9+8 
= tan  tan −1 
 12 − 6 

 17  17
= tan  tan −1  =
 6 6

 7 
13. Find the values of cos−1  cos  is equal to
 6 

7
(A)
6

5
(B)
6

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 
(C)
3


(D)
6

Ans: We know that cos−1 (cos x) = x if x  [0,  ] , which is the principal value branch
7
of cos −1 x . Here,  [0,  ] .
6

 7 
Now, cos−1  cos  can be written as:
 6 

 7  −1  −7  −1   7  
cos −1  cos  = cos  cos  = cos cos  2 −  [
 6   6    6  

+ x) = cos x]

 7  −1  5  5
 cos −1  cos  = cos  cos =
 6   6  6

Hence, the correct option is B.

  1 
14. Find the values of sin  − sin −1  −   is equal to
3  2 

1
(A)
2

1
(B)
3

1
(C)
4

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 (D) 1

 −1 
Ans: Let’s consider, sin −1   = x .
 2 

−1   − 
Then, sin x = = − sin = sin  .
2 6  6 

 −  
As we know that the range of the principal value branch of sin −1 is  ,  .
 2 2
−1  −1  
sin   =
 2 6

  −1       3   
 sin  − sin −1    = sin  +  = sin   = sin   = 1
3  2  3 6  6  2

Hence, the correct option is D.

15. tan −1 ( 3) − cot −1 (− 3) is equal to

(A) 


(B) −
2

(C) 0

(D) 2 3

Ans:

Suppose that,

A = tan −1 ( 3) − cot −1 (− 3)

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 As we know that,

cot −1 (− x) =  − cot −1 ( x)

So,

cot −1 (− 3) =  − cot −1 ( 3)

Put the value in the equation (i),

A = tan −1 ( 3) −  + cot −1 ( 3)

As we know that,


cot −1 x = − tan −1 x
2

So,


cot −1 ( 3) = − tan −1 ( 3)
2

Put the value in the equation (ii),


A = tan −1 ( 3) −  + − tan −1 ( 3)
2


A=−
2

Hence, the correct option is B.

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