EXPERIMENT 7 SECOND CLEANING OF

WHEAT
Structure
7.1 Introduction
Objective
7.2 Experiment
Principle
Requirements (EquipmentiMachinery/Instrument and Material)
Flow diagram for second cleaning
Procedure
Observations
Results
7.3 Precautions

7.1 INTRODUCTION
Second cleaning of wheat is necessary to remove beeswings formed due to wheat
conditioning process. Wheat undergoes expansion and contraction due to water
addition and the resting period. Beeswings are outer layers of bran, which have to
be removed before milling. This cleaning also helps in removing crease and surface dust.

At the end of second cleaning about 0.5 % moisture is added just before milling.
This step is necessary to retoughen the bran.

Objective
After studying and performing this experiment, you should be able to
• Clean the surface of wheat and retoughen the bran layers.

7.2 EXPERIMENT
7.2.1 Principle
When wheat is passed through scourer and aspirator, outer loose bran layers are
separated by friction and then aspirating the lighter material.

To retoughen the bran, about 0.5 % of water is added and 30 min resting time is
given before milling the wheat.

7.2.2 Requirements (EquipmentlMachinerylInstrument and

Material)
• Wheat in conditioned wheat bins
• Slide gate/volumetric measurerslflow balancers/autoweighers
• Screw conveyor
• Bucket elevator
• Horizontal scourer with aspirator
• Intensi ve dampener with flow meter / paddle conveyor

20 • Impurities collection bags

 Second Cleaning of Wheat
7.2.3 Typical Flow diagram for first cleaning of wheat
Conditioned wheat bins

•
Volumetric feeder blending

•
Screw conveyor

•
Elevator

•
Magnet

•
Horizontal scourer with aspirator

•
Elevator

•
Water addition with flow meter

•
Intensive dampener, resting time: 30 min

•
Screw conveyor

•
Milling section

1.2.4 Procedure
• Place / tie the impurities collection bags to the respective collection stands.
• Clean the magnets.
• Start all second cleaning machines in the sequential order.
• Check all machines are running
• Open the slide gate below the conditioned wheat bins so that thecapacity is
fixed using this slide gate / volumetric measurer. Bypass wheat for some time
to estimate the capacity of second cleaning. Note the start time.
• Adjust the aspirator after the scourer in such a way that all light impurities are
separated from wheat.
• Find out the initial moisture content of wheat from laboratory
• Calculate the water quantity to be added to increase moisture of wheat by
0.5 % if the surface of wheat is dry. .
• Flow meter has to be adjusted to discharge required quantity of water into
intensive dampener / conveyor.
• Record the stop time.
• Calculate time used for doing second cleaning.
• Collect all impurities bags and weigh each bag separately and note the weights.

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Practical Manual for 7.2.5 Observations
Maize and Coarse Grains
Capacity of first cleaning per hour:
Weight of wheat collected after bypassing: Wl kgs
Time taken for collecting wheat: X minutes
Capacity of second cleaning section: (60 x Wl ) / X = kgs/hr
Impurities collected:

Impurity Weight in kgs Percent

Scourer aspirator liftings
Central cyclone dust
Total impurities in fIrst cleaning

Observe the type of impurities separated and correlate with quality of wheat.

7.2.6 Results
Calculate second cleaning capacity in kgs per hour and record the result
Calculate individual percent of impurity and record the result.
Calculate total percent of impurities separated during second cleaning.

7.3 PRECAUTIONS

• Wheat from conditioned wheat bins has to be discharged continuously. Never

run first second cleaning empty.
• Adjust the aspirators in such a way that only lighter impurities are lifted and
not good wheat.
• Adjust water quantity to be added accurately using flow meter. Addition of
water has to be done if the surface of conditioned wheat is dry.

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