Understanding the Scientific Method

By: Ebrahim Mehvary

WCU

Introduction Hypothesis Experiment Analysis

The scientific method is a Formulate a testable prediction or Design and conduct an experiment Examine the data collected to
systematic process used to educated guess about the outcome to test your hypothesis. This identify patterns, trends, or
investigate phenomena, acquire of the experiment. involves defining variables, anomalies. Use statistical tools to
new knowledge, or correct and Example: “Plants exposed to more setting up controls, and collecting validate the results.
integrate previous knowledge. It sunlight will grow faster than data. Example: Graphing plant growth
involves making observations, those in the shade.” Example: Setting up two groups of rates and comparing the averages
forming hypotheses, conducting plants, one in sunlight and one in between the two groups.
experiments, analyzing results, shade, and measuring their growth
and drawing conclusions. over time.
Research Conclusion/Report
Review existing knowledge and Interpret the results to determine whether they
support or refute the hypothesis. Draw
literature related to your question conclusions and consider implications.
to understand what is already Example: Concluding that plants in sunlight
known. grew significantly faster, supporting the
hypothesis.
Example: Reading scientific
papers on photosynthesis and Share your findings with the scientific
plant growth. community through reports, publications, or
presentations. Peer review and replication are
very important for validation.
Example: Publishing the study in a journal or
presenting at a conference.

References
• “The Scientific Method,” by John
Doe, Science Journal, 2022.
• “Research Methods in Biology,” by
Jane Smith, Nature Reviews, 2023.

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