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A control system is a system, which provides the desired response by controlling the output. The following figure shows the simple block diagram of a control system my dwiake (input) Control (Output) from derived / System volue desired volue of outputEXAM DOST Sea tg 0 Basic Components of a Control Syste: The basic ingredients of a control system can be described by: 1. Objectives of control/ <—whok contre’ do we voamt to achieve 2. Control-system components. 3. Results or outputs.EXAM DOST Sea tg 0 Examples of Control SystemEXAM SCOTT CM Ch | Biomedical |> WV ey SCOTT CM Ch | Surgical |EXAM SCOTT CM Ch AeronauticsEXAM DOST Sea tg | Marine |EXAM DOST Sea tg Open-Loop Control Systems (Non feedback Sysi_..._, In the open-loop control system, a reference input is given to the system in order to get the desired output. But the achieved output is not considered by the system for further reference input. The figure here represents the block diagram of an open-loop control system: Control eg: motor ~) ===> Output Washing mc CoL) bai Conroe) Signal Open Loop Control System Drawback : Less accu’ acy ot more deviation bf desived 2 artseol AesuhkEXAM DOST Sea tg 0 Advantages of Open-loop Control System 1.These systems possess simplicity in construction and ease of maintenance. 2.Due to the lesser number of units, overall the system is economic. 3.The output provided by the system ghows stability. 4.The operation is quite convenient. Dis-advantages of Open-loop Control System 1. These systems require timely recalibration¥ 2.The systems are more prone to errors: 3.The changes in the desired output can be the result of internal or external disturbances Applications of Open-loop Control System In the traffic light controlling systemyY . TV remote control Immersion Rod J Automatic washin ey A . Inroom heaters; tL . Automatic door opening and closing systems etc: DIE YENEXAM DOST Sea tg Closed-Loop Control System Q > Aclosed-loop control system is a type of control system in which the controlling action shows dependency on the generated output of the system. In simple words, in these systems, the output of the system controls the input applied to the system. » Closed-loop systems are considered as omatic.c I system because it is designed in a way that the achieved output is automatically compared with the reference input to have the required output. mirer/ Comparator Vo Controller Output Sets desirtol value of b/p BY > Ina closed-loop system, a feedback signal is provided to the input.EXAM DOST Sea tg a 1M trol or oes » Feedback acts as the characteristic of the system that allows comparison between > A feedback is generally a part of the output signal which is given back to the input signal so that the two can be compared and the desired output can be achieved if the present output shows variation with the desired output. > Thus feedback loop is considered as the key parameter of a closed-loop control system. ° Types of Feedback input + F/bEXAM DOST Sea tg Positive Feedback? ° The type of feedback in a control system in which the input signal and the feedback signal are in phase with each other is known as a positive feedback system. Negative Feedback? In the case of negative feedback, the input signal and the feedback signal show out-of- phase relationship with respect to each other.Closed Ie See oer ene Cd 0 Advantages of Sne-loop Control System 1.Closed loop control systems are more accurate even in the presence of non-linearity. 2.Highly accurate as any error arising is corrected due to the presence of a feedback signal. 3.The bandwidth range is large. e— -ve f/ b 4.Facilitates automation. 5.The sensitivity of the system may be made small to make the system more stable. 6.This system is less affected by(hoise-y Dis-advantages of Gren-loop Control System Closed aie are costlier. They are complicated to design. nd -Required more maintenance. 2 orde- 4.Feedback leads to an oscillatory response.—_ / 5.Overall gain is reduced due to the presence of feedback” <— ~ve f b 6.Stability is the major problem and more care is needed to design a stable closed loop system.EXAM DOST Sea tg Applications of 7 -loop Control System 1. Automatic Electric ron” 2. Temperature Control Systems”EXAM DOST Sea tg Temperature Control System (a) Open-loop system Closed-loop system (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of theseEXAM DOST Sea tg in a control system the use of negative feedback (a) Eliminates the chances of instability (b) Increases the reliability Reduces the effects of disturbance and noise signals in the forward path (d)Increases the influence of variations of component parametres on the system performance ~<— Sensitivity i)EXAM DOST 0 Question-03 A control system in which the control action is somehow dependent on the output is kn as Closed loop system (b) Semi closed loop system (c) Open system (d) None of the aboveEXAM DOST Sea tg Benefits of feedback (a) Performance of system is greater (b), Need for system much larger path gain and system instability i Controlled variable accurately follows the desired value d) Affected by parameter variations.EXAM DOST Sea tg Feedback always increases the gain? (a) , True WM FalseEXAM DOST Sea tg Effect of feedback on sensitivity is minimum in: (a), Open loop control system Closed loop control system (c) None of the mentioned (d) Both of the mentioned—& Wi (a) (c) (d) (b) (b) EXAM SCOTT CM ChEXAM DOST Crack GATE Under the Guidance of er > ANKIT GOYAL SIR Two Times GATE RANK - 1