BILLINGTON ATSIAYA

MS20/174129

CHAPTER THREE.
3.0 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY.
The study design that will be used to conduct this study is descriptive as the process of collecting
data in order to test the hypothesis concerning the study.
3.1 Study site.

3.2 Target Population.

The investigators will comprise of Biomedical engineers and Radiologists at KCGTRH. In this
case, the study population is 60. Those who are willing to participate will be highly targeted
during the time of study.
3.3 Sample Size.
The formula to be used to obtain the sample size is RAIDS and BORE in 1967. It’s used to
calculate the sample size in a study population of less than 10, 000 persons.
Where:
N=N/1.5 + N (p)2
n= Sample size
N= Study Target
P= Precision =0.1
N= 60/1.5+60(0.1)2
N= 40.6
Therefore, the sample size of in this study is 40 people.
3.4 Sampling Technique.
Sampling is the process of selecting a number of individuals for study to represent a larger group
from which they are selected or refers to the process of choosing a subgroup from a population to
participate in the study and the investigator will use purposive or non-probability method and
this will allow him to use the cases that the has the required information. (MUGENDA AND
MUGENDA 1999).
From the formula above;
Interval = N/n; 60/40=1.5 =2.
Therefore, people to be investigated= Sample size/Intervals
40/2=20
Thus, 8 people will be interviewed orally while 12 will people will be given questionnaire paper
to fill in order to obtain the information required for this study.
A sampling data collection method was employed where by biomedical engineers and
radiologist were employed to get the required relevant information.
3.5 Data Collection Tools.
The data collection will be done through survey research, interview and personal observation
thus, the tools to be used will be pens, rubber, questionnaire papers and notebook.
3.6 Data collection Process.
During the study the following procedure will take place:
3.6.1 Procedure.
The permission to carry out the study will be requested from medical engineer in charge of
biomedical department and the radiologist in charge of Radiology department. After obtaining
the consent from the medical engineers and the radiologists, the data collection tools will be
prepared. After carrying out investigation, this procedure will be piloted to medical engineering
workshop to assess the efficiency of the study.
3.6.2 Observation.
The X-ray machines were observed carefully, how they are used by the radiologist and how
faults comes about. The necessary information was recorded.
3.6.3 Interviews.
Sampled radiologists and medical engineers were interviewed and their response were used to
extract the necessary data required for the study.
3.6.4 Questionnaires.
Questionnaires were issued to professional radiologists and medical engineers who were
randomly sampled and willing to respond to help me obtain the relevant information required.
3.6.5 Pre-testing/Piloting.
Interviews were conducted with respondent and the findings were documented as well as
administering questionnaires were done.
3.7 Validity.
The instruments that were selected, was based on previous studies that had been conducted.
3.8 Reliability.
This was established based on the respondents working experience.
3.9 Data Analysis.
The information obtained from the respondents were analyzed using Microsoft Excel.
Information collected from checklist of items on works carried out on the equipment were
subjected to percentages and used under findings. Additional information and observations made
by the respondents on the equipment was also used for the study. The methods of data analysis
were presented graphical by use of:
 Tables
 Pie/Bar charts
 Percentages.
3.10 Time Frame.
The study will be conducted between January to April 2023.
3.11 Budget Justification.
The expenditure to be incurred in the first phase of study will amount to Kshs 8,300 and since
the research has not been written in full, typed and printed the sum is expected to increase more
than that. This is due to movement and consultation.
3.12 Study Limitation.
The study will only be limited to a sample size of the study population and not everyone in the
entire population. The data collection will be done through personal observation, interviews, and
questionnaire method. The investigator will not be able to address any misunderstanding and also
there will be no reasons given for any incomplete response.
The time of data collection, financial constraints and inadequate information due to mistrust of
the respondents can limit the study.
3.13 Inclusion Criteria.
All medical engineers and radiologists will be included in this study since the study requires only
people with more experience about the machine under study.
3.13 Exclusion Criteria.
Not all people will be involved in this study since the study needs only people with the
knowledge about the machine under study.
3. 14 Ethical Considerations.
All the information generated in this study was held in strict confidents with permission obtained
from National Commission for Science and Technology innovation through Director of TVETs.
Signed letter of authority was issued before the start of the study and copy of it will be presented
to the department of medical services and to District Education Officer for approval to collect
data from the hospital. Consent will be obtained from respondents and assured that the
information obtained will be treated with great confidentiality and that the study is purely for
academic purposes only.