Sure, here are the answers to the comprehension questions about the poem "In Spite of War" by Angela

Morgan:

### A. Answer the following questions.

1. **What are the things that thrive despite the ravages of war?**

- In the poem, nature continues to thrive despite the ravages of war. Flowers still bloom, the sun still
shines, and the earth remains beautiful, symbolizing the resilience and continuity of life.

2. **What are some of the different words and images used in the poem that convey the emotion of
loss?**

- Words like "death," "destruction," and "ravages of war" convey the emotion of loss. These images
depict the harsh realities and the sorrow brought about by war.

3. **In the poem "In Spite of War," there are several examples of personification. Identify two examples
of personification; explain what is being personified and how in each example.**

- One example of personification is "When pansies lift their eyes to mine." Here, pansies (flowers) are
given the human ability to lift their eyes. Another example is "the whispering breath of the meadow."
The meadow is given the human ability to whisper, enhancing the serene and enduring quality of nature.

4. **Make a list of the words that tell you about the tone of the poem "In Spite of War" and explain how
those words tell us what the tone is. Use examples from the poem to back up your reasoning.**

- Words like "bloom," "sun," "beautiful," and "life" suggest a tone of resilience and hope. Despite the
backdrop of war, these words emphasize the continuity and persistence of life and beauty, indicating an
optimistic tone.

5. **What is the theme of the poem "In Spite of War"?**

- The theme of the poem is the resilience of nature and beauty amidst the destruction and devastation
of war. It highlights the enduring aspects of life and natural beauty that persist even in the darkest times.

### B. Choose the correct option.

1. **According to Angela Morgan, despite death and destruction of war, life springs in the form of
__________.**

- a) natural beauty

2. **"When pansies lift their eyes to mine": in this line the poet has used the poetic device of
__________.**

- c) personification

3. **The words boom, roar, murmur, and whispering breath are examples of __________.**

- d) onomatopoeia

Sure, here are the answers to the questions about the poem "Equipment" by Edgar Guest, including a
paraphrase of the second stanza.

### A. Answer the following questions.

1. **Summarize the poem "Equipment".**

- The poem "Equipment" by Edgar Guest emphasizes that every person is born with the necessary tools
to succeed in life. It suggests that hard work, determination, and self-belief are key to achieving
greatness. The poet encourages readers to make the most of their inherent abilities and not to rely on
excuses.

2. **Write down the rhyme scheme of the poem "Equipment".**

- The rhyme scheme of the poem "Equipment" is AABB, where every two consecutive lines rhyme with
each other.

3. **What is the theme of the poem "Equipment"?**

- The theme of the poem "Equipment" is self-reliance and personal responsibility. It highlights that
each individual has the innate abilities to achieve success and should utilize their talents and efforts to
reach their goals.

4. **"All human beings are created equal". Explain this statement in the light of the poem
"Equipment".**
 - In the poem, this statement means that everyone is born with the same basic set of tools or
"equipment" necessary for success. It underscores the idea that success is determined by how one uses
their abilities, rather than by external circumstances or inherent differences among individuals.

5. **How do you feel after reading the poem "Equipment"?**

- Personal responses will vary, but generally, the poem might leave readers feeling inspired and
motivated to take control of their lives and work hard towards their goals, recognizing that they have the
potential to succeed.

6. **Paraphrase the second stanza of the poem "Equipment".**

- **Original Stanza:**

- "You were equipped with all that you need

By the One who made the skies;

With feet to take you down the road,

And arms to lift when you arise."

- **Paraphrase:**

- You have been given all the necessary tools by the Creator, who also created the heavens. You have
legs to help you travel and arms to help you get up.

### B. Choose the correct option.

1. **The word equipment is used by the poet as**

- b) metaphor

2. **The poem "Equipment" by Edgar Guest is in the form of __________ from father to son.**

- c) advice

3. **The words forks, shoes, laces are used as a __________.**

- a) imagery
4. **The mood of the poem "Equipment" is**

- d) optimistic

5. **What according to the poem "Equipment" is essential for someone to become a great person?**

- d) Will, courage and self-control

Here are the answers to the comprehension questions about the poem "They Have Cut Down the Pines":

### A. Answer the following questions.

1. **Why were the pines cut down?**

- The poem does not specify the exact reason why the pines were cut down. It is likely that they were
cut for logging, development, or other human activities that necessitate clearing trees.

2. **Beside the poet, who will badly miss the company of the pines?**

- Besides the poet, it can be inferred that the birds and animals that lived in or depended on the pines
will badly miss their company. Additionally, anyone who found solace or beauty in the presence of the
pines might also miss them.

3. **Pick out the lines having personification.**

- "The trees were like companions" and "The whispering pines" are examples of personification, where
the trees are given human characteristics of being companions and whispering.

4. **How has the cutting down of the trees affected nature?**

- The cutting down of the trees has likely led to the loss of habitat for many animals and birds,
disrupted the local ecosystem, and contributed to environmental degradation. The poem suggests a
profound sense of loss and sorrow for the natural beauty and life that the pines represented.

5. **What picture of the rain does the words "its silver blind is down" give you?**

- The phrase "its silver blind is down" creates an image of the rain falling like a curtain or blind, perhaps
suggesting a gentle, continuous downpour that creates a silvery veil over the landscape.
6. **The poet mourns the cutting down of pines in a way as if she has lost her near and dear mate; why?
**

- The poet feels a deep personal connection to the pines, as if they were close friends or loved ones.
This emotional response likely stems from the beauty, peace, and companionship the trees provided,
making their loss feel profoundly personal and heartbreaking.

7. **What is the mood of the poem and what effect does it have on you? Describe in detail.**

- The mood of the poem is melancholic and mournful. It evokes a sense of loss and sadness over the
destruction of the natural world. Readers may feel a deep sense of empathy for the poet’s sorrow, as
well as a heightened awareness of the impact of deforestation and a call to appreciate and protect
nature.

8. **What is the central idea of the poem?**

- The central idea of the poem is the deep sense of loss and sorrow caused by the destruction of
nature, specifically the cutting down of the pines. It underscores the emotional and environmental
impact of deforestation and the irreplaceable value of natural beauty and life.

9. **What are the effects of deforestation on the environment?**

- The effects of deforestation on the environment include loss of biodiversity, disruption of ecosystems,
increased greenhouse gas emissions, soil erosion, and changes in water cycles. It can lead to the
extinction of species, climate change, and a decrease in natural beauty and resources essential for life.

### A. Answer the following questions.

1. **What is the advice of "Opportunity" to those who have failed or lost opportunity in the past?**

- "Opportunity" advises those who have failed or lost opportunities in the past to keep striving and not
dwell on their losses. It encourages them to take action, make the most of the present, and believe that
new opportunities will arise.

2. **What was the effect of this poem, “Opportunity” on you? Describe your response in your own
words.**

- The poem "Opportunity" is uplifting and motivating. It inspires a sense of hope and determination,
reminding readers that opportunities are always present if one is willing to seize them. It encourages an
optimistic outlook and proactive attitude towards life's challenges.
3. **What is the key theme of the poem, "Opportunity"? Explain the various themes discussed in the
poem.**

- The key theme of the poem "Opportunity" is the persistence and omnipresence of opportunities. It
emphasizes that opportunities are always available, even after failures. The poem discusses themes of
resilience, the importance of action, and the belief in continual chances for success.

4. **Point out some of the poetic devices used by the poet in the poem "Opportunity" and identify the
line/lines.**

- Personification: "Opportunity" is personified as a speaker in the poem.

- Metaphor: “And find the future’s pages white as snow” compares the future to a blank page, ready to
be written.

- Alliteration: "Dost reel from righteous Retribution's blow?"

### B. Choose the correct option.

1. **To describe opportunity, the poet has employed the technique of __________.**

- c) personification

2. **By using the contextual clues the words closest in meaning to the phrase "reel from" is**

- a) upset about

3. **"Dost reel from righteous Retribution's blow?" In this line the poet has used the technique of
__________.**

- a) alliteration

4. **"And find the future’s pages white as snow". In this line the word "snow" is used as __________.**

- b) metaphor

5. **The mood of the poem, "Opportunity" is**

- a) hopeful
### Additional Questions

1. **Who is the speaker in the poem?**

- The speaker in the poem is "Opportunity" personified, speaking directly to the reader and offering
advice and encouragement.

2. **It is commonly held belief that opportunity knocks once at the door, but the belief is rejected
outright by opportunity herself. Why?**

- "Opportunity" rejects the belief that it knocks only once by emphasizing that opportunities are always
available. The poem suggests that opportunities continually present themselves, and it's up to
individuals to recognize and seize them. It promotes the idea that one should remain vigilant and
proactive, as new chances for success can always arise.

Sure, here are the simplified answers for a 10th-grade student who is not a native English speaker:

### A. Answer the following questions.

1. **What is the advice of "Opportunity" to those who have failed or lost opportunity in the past?**

- "Opportunity" advises people who have missed chances before to keep trying and not to give up. It
says that new chances will come, so they should stay positive and ready to act.

2. **What was the effect of this poem, “Opportunity” on you? Describe your response in your own
words.**

- This poem makes me feel hopeful and motivated. It reminds me that even if I have failed before, I can
still succeed if I keep trying and look for new chances.

3. **What is the key theme of the poem, "Opportunity"? Explain the various themes discussed in the
poem.**

- The main idea of the poem is that opportunities are always there. It talks about never giving up,
taking action, and always looking for new chances to do well.

4. **Point out some of the poetic devices used by the poet in the poem "Opportunity" and identify the
line/lines.**

- **Personification:** The poet talks about "Opportunity" as if it is a person talking to us.

 - **Metaphor:** "And find the future’s pages white as snow" means the future is like a blank page
ready to be filled.

- **Alliteration:** "Dost reel from righteous Retribution's blow?" repeats the 'r' sound.

### B. Choose the correct option.

1. **To describe opportunity, the poet has employed the technique of __________.**

- c) personification

2. **By using the contextual clues the words closest in meaning to the phrase "reel from" is**

- a) upset about

3. **"Dost reel from righteous Retribution's blow?" In this line the poet has used the technique of
__________.**

- a) alliteration

4. **"And find the future’s pages white as snow". In this line the word "snow" is used as __________.**

- b) metaphor

5. **The mood of the poem, "Opportunity" is**

- a) hopeful

### Additional Questions

1. **Who is the speaker in the poem?**

- The speaker is "Opportunity," which is described like a person talking to us.

2. **It is commonly held belief that opportunity knocks once at the door, but the belief is rejected
outright by opportunity herself. Why?**
 - "Opportunity" says that it doesn’t just come once. Instead, new opportunities keep coming. We just
have to be ready to see them and take action when they come.

### Noun Phrase vs. Noun Clause

**Noun Phrase:**

A noun phrase is a group of words that functions as a noun in a sentence. It typically consists of a noun
and its modifiers (such as adjectives, articles, or other words that modify the noun).

**Examples of Noun Phrases:**

1. **The big, red ball** bounced down the street.

2. She wants **a new car**.

3. **All the kids** were playing outside.

**Noun Clause:**

A noun clause is a dependent clause that functions as a noun. It often starts with words like "that,"
"what," "who," "whom," "which," "why," "how," "when," or "where."

**Examples of Noun Clauses:**

1. **What he said** made everyone laugh.

2. She believes **that the earth is round**.

3. I don't know **who they are**.

### Key Differences:

1. **Structure:**

- **Noun Phrase:** A simple group of words centered around a noun.

- **Noun Clause:** A complete clause with a subject and a predicate, functioning as a noun.

2. **Function in a Sentence:**

- Both noun phrases and noun clauses can function as subjects, objects, or complements in a sentence.
3. **Components:**

- **Noun Phrase:** Consists of a noun and its modifiers (e.g., adjectives, determiners).

- **Noun Clause:** Contains a subject and a verb (e.g., "that she likes," "where they went").

### Examples to Compare:

1. **Noun Phrase:** **The big, red ball** is on the table.

- **Noun Clause:** **What he said** is on the table.

2. **Noun Phrase:** She wants **a new car**.

- **Noun Clause:** She wants **what he has**.

3. **Noun Phrase:** **All the kids** were playing outside.

- **Noun Clause:** **Where they are going** is a secret.

### Identifying in Sentences:

1. **He wished to talk to his manager.**

- **Noun Phrase:** His manager

2. **The wicked man loves getting poor people into trouble.**

- **Noun Phrase:** The wicked man, poor people, trouble

3. **The poor man wanted to pay back every penny he owed.**

- **Noun Phrase:** The poor man, every penny

4. **All the kids were sleeping.**

- **Noun Phrase:** All the kids

5. **Horses prefer living in dark stables.**

- **Noun Phrase:** Dark stables

If these sentences contained noun clauses, they might look like this:

1. **He wished to talk to whoever was available.**

- **Noun Clause:** whoever was available

2. **The wicked man loves getting whoever he can into trouble.**

- **Noun Clause:** whoever he can

3. **The poor man wanted to pay back whatever he owed.**

- **Noun Clause:** whatever he owed

4. **Whoever could come was sleeping.**

- **Noun Clause:** Whoever could come

5. **Horses prefer living where it is dark.**

- **Noun Clause:** where it is dark

A phrase is a group of words that work together to convey a particular meaning but does not contain
both a subject and a verb, and therefore, cannot stand alone as a complete sentence. Phrases can serve
various grammatical functions within a sentence, such as acting as a noun, adjective, or adverb.

Examples of different types of phrases include:

1. **Noun Phrase**: Acts as a noun in a sentence.

- Example: "The quick brown fox"

2. **Verb Phrase**: Contains a verb and its modifiers.

 - Example: "is running fast"

3. **Adjective Phrase**: Describes a noun or pronoun.

- Example: "extremely happy"

4. **Adverb Phrase**: Modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb.

- Example: "very quickly"

5. **Prepositional Phrase**: Begins with a preposition and functions as an adjective or adverb.

- Example: "under the table"

These components help add detail and context to sentences, making language more descriptive and
expressive.

A noun phrase is a group of words that functions as a noun within a sentence. It typically consists of a
noun and its modifiers, such as adjectives, determiners, or other nouns. Noun phrases can act as the
subject, object, or complement in a sentence.

### Components of a Noun Phrase:

1. **Noun**: The main word in the phrase.

- Example: "dog"

2. **Modifiers**: Words that provide additional information about the noun.

- **Determiners**: Articles (a, an, the), possessives (my, your), quantifiers (some, many)

- Example: "the dog"

- **Adjectives**: Words that describe the noun.

- Example: "the brown dog"

- **Noun Adjuncts**: Nouns used to modify the main noun.

- Example: "a soccer game"

- **Prepositional Phrases**: Phrases beginning with a preposition that modify the noun.

- Example: "the dog in the yard"

### Examples of Noun Phrases:

- **Simple Noun Phrase**: "A book"

- **With Determiner**: "The book"

- **With Adjective**: "The old book"

- **With Prepositional Phrase**: "The book on the table"

- **Complex Noun Phrase**: "The big brown dog with the floppy ears"

### Functions of Noun Phrases in Sentences:

- **Subject**: "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."

- **Object**: "She read an interesting book."

- **Complement**: "Her favorite hobby is reading books."

Noun phrases are essential in providing clear and detailed information within sentences, making them a
fundamental component of English grammar.

Here are the noun phrases identified in the provided sentences:

1. **The Dog in the Yard**

- Noun Phrase: "The Dog in the Yard"

2. **The Book on the Table**

- Noun Phrase: "The Book on the Table"

3. **The Big Brown Dog with the Floppy Ears**

- Noun Phrase: "The Big Brown Dog with the Floppy Ears"

4. **The Quick Brown Fox jumps over was a Lazy Dog.**

- Noun Phrase: "The Quick Brown Fox"

- Noun Phrase: "a Lazy Dog"

5. **She read an interesting book.**

- Noun Phrase: "an interesting book"

6. **Her favorite hobby is reading books.**

- Noun Phrase: "Her favorite hobby"

Each noun phrase provides more detail about the noun it contains, helping to create a clearer and more
descriptive sentence.

A noun clause is a group of words that acts as a noun in a sentence. It contains a subject and a verb but
cannot stand alone as a complete sentence. Noun clauses often begin with words like "that," "what,"
"who," "whom," "which," "when," "where," "why," and "how."

### Functions of Noun Clauses:

1. **Subject of a Sentence**:

- Example: "What she said was surprising."

- Noun Clause: "What she said"

2. **Object of a Verb**:

- Example: "I know that she is coming."

- Noun Clause: "that she is coming"

3. **Object of a Preposition**:

- Example: "We talked about what happened."

- Noun Clause: "what happened"

4. **Subject Complement**:

- Example: "The truth is that he lied."

- Noun Clause: "that he lied"

5. **Appositive**:

- Example: "The idea that we should leave early is good."

- Noun Clause: "that we should leave early"

### Examples:

- **As a subject**: "What you said is true."

- **As an object**: "I believe that he will come."

- **As an object of a preposition**: "You should focus on what you can control."

- **As a subject complement**: "My belief is that honesty is the best policy."

- **As an appositive**: "The fact that you are here is a miracle."

Noun clauses provide detailed information and can be essential to the meaning of the sentences in
which they appear.

Here are the noun clauses identified in the given sentences:

1. **As a subject**: "What you said is true."

- Noun Clause: "What you said"

2. **As an object**: "I believe that he will come."

- Noun Clause: "that he will come"

3. **As an object of a preposition**: "You should focus on what you can control."

- Noun Clause: "what you can control"

4. **As a subject complement**: "My belief is that honesty is the best policy."

- Noun Clause: "that honesty is the best policy"

5. **As an appositive**: "The fact that you are here is a miracle."

- Noun Clause: "that you are here"

Each noun clause functions as a crucial part of the sentence, fulfilling the role of a noun.

The predicate of a sentence is the part that tells what the subject does or is. It includes the verb and all
the words that modify or complement the verb, such as objects, adverbs, and prepositional phrases.
### Components of a Predicate:

1. **Verb**: The action or state of being.

- Example: "runs"

2. **Direct Object**: Receives the action of the verb.

- Example: "runs the marathon"

3. **Indirect Object**: To whom or for whom the action is done.

- Example: "gave her a gift"

4. **Subject Complement**: Follows a linking verb and describes or renames the subject.

- Example: "is a teacher"

5. **Adverbial Modifier**: Provides more information about the action (how, when, where, why).

- Example: "ran quickly"

### Examples:

1. **Simple Predicate**: Consists of only the verb.

- Example: "She **sings**."

2. **Complete Predicate**: Includes the verb and all its modifiers and objects.

- Example: "She **sings beautifully at the concert**."

3. **Compound Predicate**: Has two or more verbs sharing the same subject.

- Example: "She **sings** and **dances**."

### Breakdown of Example Sentences:

- **Simple Sentence**: "The cat sleeps."

- Subject: "The cat"

- Predicate: "sleeps"

- **Complete Predicate**: "The cat sleeps on the mat."

- Subject: "The cat"

- Predicate: "sleeps on the mat"

- **Compound Predicate**: "The cat sleeps and purrs."

 - Subject: "The cat"

- Predicate: "sleeps and purrs"

The predicate is essential in providing complete information about what the subject is doing or what
state the subject is in, thereby completing the sentence structure.