Yes, the x-component and y-component of a vector can be equal.

This situation occurs when the vector

makes a 45-degree angle (or 135, 225, 315 degrees) with the x-axis in a two-dimensional coordinate
system.

### Mathematical Explanation

Consider a vector \(\mathbf{v}\) with components \(v_x\) and \(v_y\). If \(v_x = v_y\), then:

\[ \mathbf{v} = v_x \hat{i} + v_y \hat{j} = v \hat{i} + v \hat{j} \]

This means the vector can be represented as:

\[ \mathbf{v} = v (\hat{i} + \hat{j}) \]

### Angle with the x-axis

To find the angle \(\theta\) that the vector makes with the x-axis, we use the tangent function:

\[ \tan \theta = \frac{v_y}{v_x} \]

Since \(v_y = v_x\):

\[ \tan \theta = \frac{v_x}{v_x} = 1 \]

The angle whose tangent is 1 is 45 degrees (or π/4 radians).

Therefore, the vector \(\mathbf{v}\) makes a 45-degree angle with the x-axis when its x-component and
y-component are equal. This can also apply for angles 135, 225, and 315 degrees, which correspond to
the vector being in the second, third, or fourth quadrant respectively, but the components in those cases
would have the same magnitude with different signs.