denotes Surfullforle force Per f 트로

, Met Unif Unit V. lum in thedirection

per 0

2 d )
~ , + 똥기 ( 씀
17
Why 로
운"1
]

없따
et
. (몰 )
Ke
+
!JNt 페
. 셀)
⑪
…

: 채까 Z3 ( d몰 )
sum of forles into the direction of 7C
1 aXis

[ha + 페, K 몰] Z- 대 -2포다 ( d헬 ]g] d 기ㆍd 기

,
(
K

.
3

[h 타가 ( d 플13 - 되- 2띔 ( K]]B] d
+
α
d
1 . 기3

F
[hc , 52 , (K 용] 8- 뒤( -2넷 (젤/ ]J ]6 = )
h

. ( .
"
( d 어품 5 다 2 d 기 d7 3 d =
, dA ,
dAd
: . .
.

가 ]
2
=
⇒ hnef surface forcep
2
, d 비+ 청정 d바트자
청 dtes
=
2

2
) 않 d= (A 트 ) d바
=
.

,
massconservation
edn,
⑥

dA
O
Ayrey↑
.

flow out of fhe volume

0
- 조 asmal
mass contr. l
fhrough the surface d크
contr. l volume fixed in space
fthe rateof change in Mas )' inthe C. VZ = -dmassflow outof theC .VS( t)
masonserlation )
운 ltedA -*
오쁘합
=
…

fixedyrftO
td 바 (: . (
eY ) dtf :dirvergenetheokm에

*
divergence theorem
fAJ .
스dA =

tAf dA .

( Volume integral ) (surface integral )

taaottO .(ey)3
급
d= ..
t+ J . 오
=o
-

* rector ( denfities
(
A ley) ex y + y oe
= . .
.

a
tt국 y . xefex. =o y

t= t다
…

=
람 * 현
Y J .

material derivafive
. 6
the of change obserted wb: le following afluid particdk
서

rate in Somefhing ,

임 . Mass conservafion e써

e fex 0 .

incompressible fluidlasfor
, most Kquids)
t no
change in the densi
씨 ( 옴다)
다명
.
.
.
.

~
 omomentum en .

Newton 1 aw for fluid

'
.
s 2 nd

hacclerafion in a Un Volumez = asurfaleforces perUn :tVolumesth body forcesperUnif lolumes

for 도 component
-

component the
,
direction oF 트로 to

eDut =☆
(=트 ) ei
eg
(
.
t
)
( ← Cauchy edn of mofion )
nexsurfaleforte vector

꼽 a

.
Constifufive eqn for Newtonian fluid
t The
eqn deschibes
the dependence of Strain rate fensor on fhe Stress tensor
viscojty

c황
-KP
+ ZUMeisK
(☆U) S ☆ t 2.

T
thermodynamic Fronecker delta (fensor )
pressure
윙K
! ()
strain rate tensor

봄고ftdescribes deformafion of fluid partide

2 2
eis ② ( 름(YX the
=

>

combining (*) and CI (*) ⇒ Narier Stokes

eqn,

t - IU [
3
오 =

(.
J K+ 분력(A- y ) ] + eg로

. = 맵

맵 + (Y ) 는

☆는
22 략 O를 x ☆
. = 나 2
+
. =
for incompressible fluid (o =) .

빠
ㆍ

e =
-
☆p + UD y + e 의