Ua、Uf开启螺杆压缩机组说明书第3版

`YANTAI AOWEI REFRIGERATION EQUIPMENTS CO.,LTD.
烟台市奥威制冷设备有限公司
螺杆制冷压缩机组
Screw Refrigeration Compressor
使用说明书
Manual Book
YANTAI AOWEI REFRIGERATION EQUIPMENTS CO.,LTD.
——此页空白——
YANTAI AOWEI REFRIGERATION EQUIPMENTS CO.,LTD
感谢您选用本公司的产品!
Thank you for choosing our company's products!
该设备是专为冷冻空调系统的应用而开发的。出厂前，已通过出厂检验。
The device was developed specifically for the application of refrigeration air
conditioning systems. Before leaving the factory, it passed the factory QC
Inspection.
本说明书涵盖了设备的设计、安装、调试、运行、操作及故障排除等相
关内容。为确保您使用的权益，并避免无谓的损失，请您在使用之前务必详
读《控制器操作手册》、《螺杆制冷压缩机组使用说明书》等，并按各项操
作要求规范作业，设备将为您提供多年满意的服务。
This manual covers the design, installation, commissioning,operation and
troubleshooting of the Equipment. In order to ensure your use of the rights and avoid
unnecessary losses, please read carefully the 《Controller Operation Manual book》,
《Screw Refrigeration Compressor Group Operation Manual book》 before use, and
follow the operation requirements to standardize the operation. This Equipment will be
provide satisfactory service for many years.
若有问题，请立即与我公司联络，公司将派专人为您提供最完善的售后
服务。
If you have any questions, please contact our company immediately. The company
will send technician to provide you with the most complete after-sales service.
产品保证!
Product guarantee!
保证是基于本机组按产品使用说明书正常使用的情况。
The guarantee is based on the normal use of the unit according to the product
instructions.
未经授权的改造或超出使用限制、不正确操作、缺少保养等，将会影响
对您的保证。
Unauthorized modify or beyond usage restrictions, improper operation, lack of
maintenance, etc., will affect your warranty.
交货确认!
Delivery confirmation!
用户自提，用户应对本设备的正确性、完整性、完好性进行确认，并在
交货单上签字。
The user shall confirm the correctness, completeness and integrity of the
equipment and sign the delivery note.
由本公司安排发运，在承运者代表与用户在场的情况下，对本设备的正
确性、完整性、完好性进行确认，并在交货单上签字。
By the company's arrangement of shipping, in the presence of the carrier
representative and the user, confirm the correctness, completeness, and integrity of the
equipment, and sign the delivery note.
安装前存放!
Store before Installation!
机组应存放在温暖干燥的环境中并覆盖。
The unit should be stored in a warm and dry environment and covered.
机组的电控、电气系统应保持通风、防潮。
The Electrical control and electrical systems of the unit should be kept ventilated
and moisture-proof.
目录
第1章环保与安全 Chapter 1 Environmental Protection and Safety ............................................ 4
1.1 环保注意事项 Environmental precautions ............................................................................. 4
1.2 安全注意事项 Safety Precautions.......................................................................................... 4
1.3 压力容器使用安全事项 Safety precautions for use of pressure vessels................................ 6
1.4 电气设施使用安全事项 Safety precautions for use of electrical facilities........................... 8
第2章概述 Chapter 2 Overview ................................................................................................. 9
2.1 主要用途 Main Application .................................................................................................... 9
2.2 机组特点 Unit Features.......................................................................................................... 9
2.3 适用条件 Applicable conditions ............................................................................................. 9
2.4 使用环境 Use Environment ..................................................................................................11
第3章工作原理与结构特征 Chapter 3 Working Principles and Structural Features.................... 13
3.1 工作原理 How does it work .................................................................................................. 13
3.1.1 压缩机工作原理 How the compressor works ............................................................ 13
3.1.2 内容积比 Interior volume ratio ................................................................................ 14
3.1.3 能量调节 Energy Regulation ..................................................................................... 15
3.1.4 机组工作原理 Unit Working Principle ........................................................................ 15
3.2 结构特征 Structural features ................................................................................................ 16
3.2.1 主要部件及外形图 Main Components and Outline Drawings ................................... 16
3.2.2 压缩机 Compressor ................................................................................................... 16
3.2.3 油分离器 Oil separator .............................................................................................. 16
3.2.4 油冷却器 Oil Cooler ................................................................................................... 17
3.2.5 油泵 Oil Pump ........................................................................................................... 17
3.2.6 吸气过滤器 Suction filter ........................................................................................... 17
3.2.7 油过滤器 Oil Filter ..................................................................................................... 17
3.2.8 吸气止回阀 Suction check valve ............................................................................... 17
3.2.9 排气截止止回阀 Exhaust stop check valve ............................................................... 17
3.2.10 能量调节电磁阀 Energy Regulating Solenoid Valve ............................................... 17
3.2.11 经济器 Economizer .................................................................................................. 17
3.2.12 联轴器 Couplings .................................................................................................... 18
3.2.13 电机 Motor ............................................................................................................... 18
3.2.14 电控 Electronic control ............................................................................................ 18
第 4 章技术特性 Chapter 4 Technical Features .............................................................................. 19
第 5 章安装调试 Chapter5 Installation and Commissioning ......................................................... 23
5.1 安装 Installation ................................................................................................................... 23
5.1.1 机房 Machine room ................................................................................................... 23
5.1.2 基础 Civil foundation ................................................................................................. 23
5.1.3 吊装与搬运 Lifting and Handling ............................................................................... 24
5.1.4 机组就位 Put unit at location ..................................................................................... 25
5.1.5 外接管路 External piping .......................................................................................... 26
5.1.6 电气线路 Electrical Circuits ....................................................................................... 27
5.2 调试 Commissioning ............................................................................................................ 27
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5.2.1 要求 Requirements .................................................................................................... 27
5.2.2 调试前的准备工作 Preparations before commissioning ........................................... 27
5.2.3 气密试验 Air tightness test ........................................................................................ 29
5.2.4 充注冷冻机油 Filling Refrigerator Oil ...................................................................... 29
5.2.5 真空 Vacuum........................................................................................................... 30
5.2.6 调整 Adjustment ........................................................................................................ 30
5.3 试运转 Test run .................................................................................................................... 32
5.3.1 调试状态调试 Test status .................................................................................................. 32
5.3.2 自动状态调试 Automatic Status Tuning .................................................................... 35
第 6 章使用操作 Chapter 6 Operation ............................................................................................. 37
6.1 运行 Operation ..................................................................................................................... 37
6.1.1 运行前的准备 Preparation before Operation............................................................. 37
6.1.2 开机 Start machine .................................................................................................... 37
6.1.3 填写运行记录 Fill in the operation record.................................................................. 38
6.1.4 巡视 Inspection check ............................................................................................... 40
6.2 停机 Stop machine............................................................................................................... 40
6.2.1 正常停机 Normal stop machine................................................................................. 40
6.2.2 非正常停机 Abnormal stop machine ......................................................................... 40
第 7 章维护 Chapter 7 Maintenance .............................................................................................. 42
7.1 保养 Maintenance ................................................................................................................ 42
7.1.1 环境 Environment ...................................................................................................... 42
7.1.2 机组 Unit .................................................................................................................... 42
7.1.3 冷冻机油的管理 Management of Refrigerated Oil .................................................... 43
7.1.4 长期停机保养 Long-term shutdown maintenance ..................................................... 45
7.2 检修 Overhaul ................................................................................................................... 46
7.2.1 要求 Requirements ................................................................................................... 46
7.2.2 设备 Equipment ........................................................................................................ 46
7.2.3 定期检修 Periodic Maintenance ............................................................................... 47
第 8 章常见故障分析处理 Chapter 8 Common Fault Analysis and Processing.......................... 51
表 1 单级螺杆制冷压缩机组适用条件 Table 1 Single-stage screw refrigeration compressor

set application conditions...................................................................................................... 10
表 2 单机双级螺杆制冷压缩机组适用条件 Table 2 Two-stage screw refrigeration compressor
application conditions ........................................................................................................... 10
表 3 单级螺杆制冷压缩机组主要技术参数 table 3 Single-stage screw refrigeration compressor
main technical parameters .................................................................................................... 19
表 4 单机双级螺杆制冷压缩机组主要技术参数........................................................................... 21
表 5 设备调试前的确认 table 5 Confirmation before commissioning .................................... 27
表 13 压缩机组仪器仪表及控制元件列表 ( 流程图附表 ) table 13 List of compressors,
instrumentation and control components (flow chart attached)............................................ 64
表 14 压缩机组阀件列表(流程图附表) table 14 Compressor group valve list (flow chart
attached table) ...................................................................................................................... 65
table 16 The main external interface table 17 The main external interface schedule (outline)
.............................................................................................................................................. 71
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表 18 螺杆压缩机组外形图尺寸表 table 18 Screw Compressor Outline Drawing Dimensions
.............................................................................................................................................. 72
附表一 R717 饱和状态下的热力性质表 Schedule 一 Thermodynamic properties in the

saturated state of R717 ........................................................................................................ 57
附表二 R507A 饱和状态下的热力性质表 Schedule 二 Thermodynamic properties of R507A
saturation .............................................................................................................................. 60
图 1 吸入过程 Figure 1 Inhalation process ................................................................................ 13

图 2 压缩过程 Figure 2 Compression process .......................................................................... 13
图 3 排出过程 Figure 3 Discharge process ............................................................................... 14
图 4 排出结束 Figure 4 End of discharge .................................................................................. 14
图 5 铲运示意图 Figure 5 Shovel schematic ............................................................................. 25
图 6 吊装示意图 Figure 6 Lifting schematic ............................................................................... 25
附图一单级螺杆压缩机组流程图 Drawing 1 Single-stage screw compressor flow chart .... 62

附图二单机双级螺杆压缩机组流程图 Drawing 2 Compound two-stage screw compressor
flow chart ............................................................................................................................... 63
附图三 20 系列以下液冷油冷螺杆制冷压缩机组外形图 Drawing 3 20 Series Liquid Cooled
Oil Cooled Screw Refrigeration Compressor Unit Outline Drawing ..................................... 67
附图四 25 系列液冷油冷螺杆制冷压缩机组外形图 Drawing 4 25 Series Liquid Cooled Oil
Cooled Screw Refrigeration Compressor Unit Outline Drawing .......................................... 68
附图五 20 系以下单机双级螺杆压缩机组外形图 Drawing 5 Below 20 series compound
two-stage screw compressor outline drawing ...................................................................... 69
附图六 25 系单机双级螺杆压缩机组外形图 Drawing 6 25 series compound two-stage
screw compressor outline drawing ....................................................................................... 70
附图七基础图 Drawing 7 Foundation drawing .................................................................... 73
附图八吸气过滤器 Drawing 8 Suction filter ....................................................................... 74
附图九油过滤器 Drawing 9 Oil filter ................................................................................. 74
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第1章环保与安全 Chapter 1 Environmental Protection and Safety
1.1 环保注意事项 Environmental precautions
1.1.1 设备在加油、放油和运行时，如冷冻机油不慎泄漏在地面上，应用油棉纱及时擦拭。对经常出
现泄漏的场所，客户应在漏油地面设接油盘，不常泄漏的部位出现漏油时应用锯末或油棉纱及
时吸净，使用过的油棉纱和锯末由操作者收集到不可回收垃圾箱中，委托有资质的机构或个人
进行处理。收集到的废油盛放在无泄漏的密封容器内，并分类存放在固定地点，标记明确。可
回收利用的油经再生处理后可继续使用，不可回收利用的委托有资质的机构或个人进行处理。
When the equipment is refueled, drained, and operated, if the refrigerator oil is accidentally
leaked on the ground, wipe the oil with a cotton yarn. For locations where leaks occur
frequently, customers should install oil pans on the oil spill ground. When oil spills occur at
the parts that do not leak often, sawdust or oil cotton yarns should be used for timely
draining. Used oil yarns and sawdust are collected by operators and cannot be recycled. In
the trash, entrust a qualified organization or individual to handle it. The collected waste oil
is stored in a leak-free sealed container and classified and stored in a fixed place, clearly
marked. The recyclable oil can be used after being regenerated, the non-recyclable oil
shall be handled by qualified institutions or individuals.
1.1.2 制冷剂泄漏可能会对环境产生破坏，禁止大量排放。设备如需检修，必须将设备中的制冷剂回
收至贮存罐，以备再次使用。
Leakage of refrigerants can cause damage to the environment and prohibit large amounts of
emissions. If the equipment needs to be overhauled, the refrigerant in the equipment must
be recycled to the storage tank for reuse
1.1.3 安装、使用和维修过程以及产品废弃后产生的废弃物，如塑料袋、油毡纸、石棉垫、泡沫及泡
沫塑料等不易降解且对环境有害的物质，不能乱扔，由操作者收集到不可回收垃圾箱中，委托
有资质的机构或个人进行处理。
The waste generated after installation, use and maintenance processes and after the
product is discarded, such as plastic bags, linoleum paper, asbestos mats, foams, foams,
etc., which are not easily degradable and harmful to the environment, cannot be thrown
away easily, it should be collected by the operator. In the trash, entrust a qualified
organization or individual to handle it.
1.2 安全注意事项 Safety Precautions
1.2.1 设备操作人员应具备操作资质，以免误操作引起意外。
Equipment operators should have operational qualifications to avoid accidents caused by
mistake
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1.2.2 不应使用氧气、可燃性气体（或混合物）进行系统试验。
Systems should not be tested using oxygen, flammable gases (or mixtures).
1.2.3 设备充注制冷剂时应注意气瓶内的物质，以防充入其它物质而引起意外事故。
When the equipment is filled with refrigerant, the contents of the cylinders should be taken
care of to prevent accidental accidents caused by the filling of other materials.
1.2.4 机房应保持良好的通风，以防止制冷剂意外泄漏而发生窒息或爆炸危险。
The machine room should be well ventilated to prevent the accidental leakage of refrigerant
and the risk of suffocation or explosion.
1.2.5 设备使用的制冷剂都有危害性，要认真对待，防止泄漏，以免被吸入或身体接触而受伤。
The refrigerant used in the equipment is hazardous. Take it seriously and prevent it from
leaking so as not to be injured by inhalation or physical contact.
1.2.6 设备检修时，如果有冷冻机油排放，必须注意防火，以免引起爆炸或火灾。
When the equipment is overhauled, if there is a discharge of refrigerating machine oil, fire
protection must be taken to avoid explosion or fire.
1.2.7 设备拆检、维修、施焊过程中，必须保证部件内外无制冷剂和冷冻机油，以免引起火灾和人身
伤害。
During the process of dismantling, repairing, and welding of equipment, it must be ensured
that there are no refrigerants and refrigerating machine oil inside and outside the
components, so as to avoid fire and personal injury.
1.2.8 压缩机与电动机传动连接部分高速旋转，有防护罩保护，禁止身体任何部位进入防护区域，以
免受伤。
The connecting part between the compressor and the motor is rotated at a high speed and
protected by a protective cover. Any part of the body is prohibited entering the protected
area avoid injury.
1.2.9 设备在启动或运行过程中，应防止过量的液态制冷剂进入压缩机，以免产生液击。液态制冷剂
进入压缩机可能引起设备部件爆裂等重大事故，造成人身伤害。
During the start-up or operation of the equipment, excessive liquid refrigerant should be
prevented from entering the compressor to avoid liquid hammering. Liquid refrigerant
entering the compressor may cause major accidents such as bursting of equipment
components and personal injury.
1.2.10 设备高温和低温部件可能造成烫伤或冻伤，应避免接触。
High temperature and low temperature parts of the equipment may cause burns or frostbite.
Should avoid contact.
1.2.11 设备应根据使用环境和介质进行防静电接地处理。
Equipment should be grounded according to the use of the environment and media
anti-static.
1.2.12 若同时装有多台设备，每台设备必须分别安装本身的安全阀排放管。
If more than one device is installed at the same time, each device must be installed with its
own safety valve discharge pipe.
1.2.13 严禁踩踏设备，以免造成设备损坏及人身伤害。
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It is strictly prohibited to step on the device to avoid damage to the device and personal
injury.
1.2.14 可出现液体封闭的管段及设备，不允许两端阀门均关闭。
Liquid-enclosed pipe sections and equipment may occur, and valves at both ends must not
be closed.
1.3 压力容器使用安全事项 Safety precautions for use of pressure vessels
1.3.1 本设备中的压力容器(以下简称“容器”)属于制冷装置用压力容器，从事本设备安装、使用单
位必须贯彻国家质量技术监督局颁发的《固定式压力容器安全技术监察规程》和有关压力容器
安全技术规范、规章，做好设备的安装、使用、检验和维修，以及安全管理工作，以保证容器
在安全状态下使用。
The pressure vessel in this equipment (hereinafter referred to as "Vessel") belongs to the
pressure vessel for refrigeration equipment. The unit engaged in the installation and use of
this equipment must implement the "Regulations for Monitoring Safety Technologies of
Fixed Pressure Vessels" issued by the State Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision
and related pressure vessels. Safety technical specifications and regulations, do a good job
of equipment installation, use, inspection and maintenance, as well as safety management
to ensure that the container is used in a safe state.
1.3.2 容器必须经当地压力容器安全监察机构登记注册，并发给注册编号后方能投入使用。
The vessel must be registered by the local pressure vessel safety supervision agency and
issued to the registration number before being put into use.
1.3.3 容器使用不得超出容器的允许范围。
The use of the vessel must not exceed the allowable range of the vessel .
1.3.4 使用单位应保护好容器的标牌，保管好容器的出厂文件，以备当地压力容器安全监察机构监察。
The use unit should protect the vessel's signage and keep the vessel's factory documents
ready for monitoring by the local pressure vessel safety supervision agency.
1.3.5 设备正常运行期间，容器与安全附件（安全附件指安全阀、压力表、液面计等，下同）之间的
截止阀必须保持全开，其中容器与安全阀之间的截止阀在全开位置加铅封或锁定。
During the normal operation of the equipment, the shutoff valve between the vessel and
safety accessories (safety accessories, such as safety valves, pressure gauges, level
gauges, etc., the same below) must be kept fully open, with the shutoff valve between the
vessel and the safety valve fully open location add seal or lock.
1.3.6 安全阀的出口接管安装必须满足下列要求。
The outlet connection of the safety valve must meet the following requirements.
1.3.6.1 同安全阀连接的排放管道的设计和安装应不影响安全阀的排量，安全阀排放端到室外排放
管路出口的压降应小于 0.1Mpa，同时应充分考虑安全阀排放反作用力对安全阀进口连接
部位的影响。
The design and installation of the discharge piping connected to the safety valve shall not
affect the displacement of the safety valve. The pressure drop from the discharge end of the
safety valve to the outlet of the outdoor discharge piping shall be less than 0.1Mpa. At the
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same time, the discharge reaction force of the safety valve shall be fully considered. Impact
on the inlet connection of the safety valve.
1.3.6.2 排放管道的截面积应不小于安全阀出口面积。当多个安全阀向一个总管排放时，计算排放
总管的横截面积应保证排放总管能够接受所有同时向其排放的安全阀的排放量。此外还应
考虑 1.3.6.3 的要求。
The cross-sectional area of the discharge pipeline shall not be less than the outlet area of
the safety valve. When multiple relief valves are vented to a mains, the calculation of the
cross-sectional area of the discharge mains should ensure that the discharge mains can
accept the discharge of all safety valves simultaneously discharged to it. In addition, the
requirements of 1.3.6.3 should also be considered.
1.3.6.3 对安全阀出口侧存在的可能影响整定压力和/或排量的背压力（排放背压力和/或附加背压
力）应予以考虑。
Back pressure (emission back pressure and/or additional back pressure) existing on the
outlet side of the safety valve, which may affect the setting pressure and/or displacement,
shall be taken into account.
1.3.6.4 安全阀的排放或疏液应导至安全地点。应特别注意危险介质的排放及疏液。
Emissions or lyophobia of safety valves should be directed to a safe location. Special
attention should be paid to the discharge of dangerous media and lyophobia.
1.3.6.5 应避免出现任何可能导致排放管道系统阻塞的条件。凡适用的场合都应设置疏水管。
Any conditions that may cause a blockage in the discharge piping system should be avoided.
Where applicable, a hydrophobic tube should be installed.
1.3.6.6 在安全阀出口安装隔离装置时，应不违背国家的法律或规范的要求。
When installing isolating devices at the outlet of the safety valve, it shall not violate national
laws or regulations.
1.3.7 容器及其安全附件应避免受到热辐射、冻结或振动等不利影响。
Vessel and their safety accessories should be protected from adverse effects such as heat
radiation, freezing or vibration.
1.3.8 使用单位更换容器的安全附件，必须选用有制造许可证的单位生产的相应规格的产品。
To replace the vessel's safety accessories with the unit, you must use the product with the
corresponding specifications produced by the manufacturing license.
1.3.9 由于设备的使用保养条件不同，使用单位应按照《固定式压力容器安全技术监察规程》中定期
检验的要求进行检验，达不到设计要求，不允许投入使用。
Due to the different conditions for the use and maintenance of the equipment, the user shall
carry out the inspection in accordance with the requirements for periodical inspections in the
"Regulations for the Supervision of Safety Technologies for Fixed Pressure Vessels", which
cannot meet the design requirements and will not be allowed to be used.
1.3.10 使用单位操作时，应按制冷作业安全技术规程执行，以保证容器在安全状态下使用。
When operation, it should be performed according to the refrigeration operation safety
technical regulations to ensure that the container is used in a safe condition.
1.3.11 本容器如出现泄漏，使用单位切勿带压补焊。
If the vessel leaks, do not with pressure to do welding.
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1.4 电气设施使用安全事项 Safety precautions for use of electrical facilities
1.4.1 在进行任何调整、维修、接线或接触电器元件之前，所有装置应断电或隔离。
All devices should be de-energized or isolated before making any adjustments, repairs,
wiring or contact with electrical components.
1.4.2 只有具有相关资质的专业人员使用正确的绝缘工具才能进行通电调整。
Only qualified professionals use the correct insulation tools to make power adjustments.
1.4.3 初次开机或长时间停用后再次开机时，应将电器元件接线重新紧固，并做控制柜主回路、电动
机绝缘电阻测试，并符合相关标准。
When the system is turned on again for the first time or after it is turned off for a long time,
the wiring of the electrical components shall be re-tightened, and the insulation resistance of
the main circuit of the control cabinet and the motor shall be tested and the relevant
standards shall be met.
1.4.4 通电运行前应确认接地良好。
Make sure the grounding is good before power on.
1.4.5 通电运行时所有电控门应关闭。
All electric control doors should be closed when power is on.
1.4.6 定期检查各电器元件接触部位是否良好，如有不良，应立即进行维修或更换。
Regularly check whether the electrical parts are in good contact. If there are any defects,
repair or replace them immediately.
1.4.7 长期停机时，应该将控制柜、台锁好，并将电源断电。
In case of long-term shutdown, the control cabinet and the table should be locked and the
power supply should be cut off.
1.4.8 控制柜、台使用期内，应随时清除尘埃。
Dust should be removed at any time during the use period of control cabinets and stations.
1.4.9 控制柜、台使用环境应保持通风良好。
The use environment of the control cabinets and tables should be kept well ventilated.
1.4.10 控制柜、台内外严禁存放异物。
It is forbidden to store anythings inside and outside the control cabinet.
8
第2章概述 Chapter 2 Overview
2.1 主要用途 Main Application
螺杆制冷压缩机组是制冷系统的主要设备，压缩输送制冷剂气体。适用于冷冻、冷藏或工艺冷却
等大、中型低温制冷系统。
The screw refrigeration compressor unit is the main equipment of the refrigeration system and
compresses and conveys the refrigerant gas. It is suitable for large and medium low-temperature
refrigeration systems.
2.2 机组特点 Unit Features
螺杆式制冷压缩机是一种高速回转机械，属于容积式压缩机，兼有活塞式和离心式两者之优点。
机组具有以下特点：
Screw refrigeration compressor is a kind of high-speed rotary machine, which belongs to
positive displacement compressor and has advantages of both piston type and centrifugal type.
The unit has the following features:
a) 采用双边非对称全圆弧及其包络线转子型线，容积效率高、噪音低、振动小。
The bilateral asymmetric full arc and its envelope rotor profile are used, with high
efficiency, low noise, and low vibration.
b) 体积小、重量轻，可用于高速运转，运转平稳安全。
Small size, light weight, can be used for high speed operation, smooth and safe operation.
c) 实现能量从 15～100%无级调节，节省运行费用。
The realization of energy from 15 to 100% stepless adjustment, saving operating costs.
d) 压缩机、电机、油分离器、油冷却器、油泵等置于一体，结构紧凑。
Compressors, motors, oil separators, oil coolers, oil pumps, etc. are integrated and
compact.
e) 可靠性高、易损件少、对回液不敏感、运转寿命长、维护费用低。
f) High reliability, less wearing parts, insensitivity to liquid return, long operating life, and low
maintenance costs.
g) 适用工况范围宽，大压比工况下运行仍有较高的效率。
A wide range of applicable operating conditions, large pressure than the operating
conditions still have a higher efficiency.
h) 易实现自动控制。
Easy to implement automatic control.
2.3 适用条件 Applicable conditions
9
机组的适用范围不得超过表 1、表 2 的规定。制冷剂的特性见附表一、附表二。

The scope of application of the unit must not exceed the provisions of Table 1 and Table 2. The
characteristics of the refrigerant are given in attachment I and attachment II.
表 1 单级螺杆制冷压缩机组适用条件 Table 2 Single-stage screw refrigeration

compressor set application conditions
项目 Item 参数 Parameter
制冷剂 Refrigerant R717 R507A

排气压力 MPa
Exhaust pressure ≤1.78 ≤2.12
MPa
对应饱和温度℃
Corresponding
45
saturation
temperature °C
吸气压力 MPa
Suction pressure 0.055～0.659 0.11～0.80
MPa
Corresponding
-45～12 -45～8
saturation
temperature °C
油压 MPa
高于排气压力 0.1～0.3
Hydraulic pressure
Higher than the exhaust pressure 0.1~0.3
MPa
油温℃
20～65
Oil temperature °C
详见《控制器操作手册》
电源 power supply
For details, see "Controller Operation Manual."
表 3 单机双级螺杆制冷压缩机组适用条件 Table 4 Two-stage screw refrigeration

compressor application conditions
项目 Item 参数 parameter
制冷剂 Refrigerant R717 R507A
排气压力 MPa
≤1.78 ≤2.12
Exhaust pressure
10
MPa
Corresponding
45
saturation
temperature °C
吸气压力 MPa
Suction pressure 0.03～0.119 0.07～0.26
MPa
Corresponding
-55～-30 -55～-25
saturation
temperature °C
油压 MPa
高于排气压力 0.1～0.3
Hydraulic pressure
Higher than the exhaust pressure 0.1~0.3
MPa
油温℃
20～65
Oil temperature °C
详见《控制器操作手册》
电源 power supply
For details, see "Controller Operation Manual."
2.4 使用环境 Use Environment
a) 工业区、屋内用，通风良好。
Industrial zone, indoor use, good ventilation.
b) 安装地点无雨雪侵袭。机组无溅水、浸水的可能。
There is no rain and snow at the installation site. The unit is free from splashes and
flooding.
c) 周围空气最高温度不超过+40℃，且在 24 小时周期内的平均温度不超过+35℃，周围空气温
度的下限为+15℃。
The maximum air temperature does not exceed +40°C, and the average temperature
within 24 hours does not exceed +35°C, and the lower limit of ambient air temperature is
+15°C.
d) 非防爆安装区域内无爆炸危险的介质，且介质中无足以腐蚀金属和破坏绝缘的气体、液体及
导电尘埃。
Non-explosion-proof installation area has no explosion hazard medium, and there is no gas,
liquid and conductive dust in the medium that can corrode metal and destroy insulation.
e) 防爆安装区域内应使用能够满足相应地防爆要求的设备。
Explosion-proof installation area should use equipment that can meet the corresponding
explosion-proof requirements.
11
f) 安装地海拔高度不超过 1000 米。
The installation altitude does not exceed 1,000 meters above sea level.
g) 空气相对湿度在最高温度为+40℃时不超过 50%；最湿月平均最大相对湿度为 90%，同时该
月的平均最低温度不超过+25℃。由于温度变化发生在电器上的凝露情况必须采取措施。
The relative humidity of the air does not exceed 50% at the highest temperature of +40°C;
the maximum relative humidity of the wettest month is 90%, and the mean minimum
temperature of the month does not exceed +25°C. Dew condensation on the appliance
due to temperature changes must be taken.
h) 满足所选主电机防护等级标准的环境要求。
Meet the environmental requirements of the selected main motor protection class
standards.
12
第3章工作原理与结构特征 Chapter 3 Working Principles and
Structural Features
3.1 工作原理 How does it work
3.1.1 压缩机工作原理 How the compressor works

压缩机内的一对相互啮合，按一定传动比旋转的阴、阳转子，产生周期性的容积变化，完成制冷
剂气体的吸入、压缩和排出。
A pair of compressors in the compressor mesh with each other to rotate the female and male
rotors at a certain transmission ratio to generate a periodic volume change and complete the suction,
compression and discharge of the refrigerant gas.
a）吸入过程见图 1
Inhalation process shown in Figure 1
图 1 吸入过程 Figure 1 Inhalation process
b) 吸入结束，压缩开始，压缩过程见图 2
At the end of inhalation, the compression begins and the compression process is shown in
Figure 2
图 2 压缩过程 Figure 2 Compression process

c) 压缩结束，排出开始，排出过程见图 3
End of compression, discharge begins, and discharge process is shown in Figure 3
13
图 3 排出过程 Figure 3 Discharge process

d) 排出结束见图 4
The end of discharge is shown in Figure 4
图 4 排出结束 Figure 4 End of discharge

3.1.2 内容积比 Interior volume ratio
SRC 系列分内容积比可调和不可调两种机型。
内容积比是指吸入完成时的容积（V1）与排出口打开瞬时的容积（V2）之比。不可调型内容积
比在压缩机制作时已经固定，可调型内容积比运行时可以调节。
不同的运行工况应选用不同的内容积比。当运行工况与内容积比出现偏差时，压缩机将会出现动
力损失。
不可调型压缩机有三种内容积比供用户选择，分别为 L (内容积比 2.6)、M (内容积比 3.6)、H (内
容积比 5.0)。
可调型压缩机运行时可以进行 L(内容积比 2.6)至 H (内容积比 5.0)之间的无级调节。通过控制内
容积比油活塞两侧润滑油的进出，改变其两侧的压力，带动内容积比滑阀在转子腔内移动，改变能量
滑阀有效排气口的大小从而改变内容积比。
SRC series is divided into two models: adjustable and non-adjustable internal volume ratio.
The internal volume ratio refers to the ratio of the volume (V1) at the time of suction completion
to the volume (V2) at the moment when the discharge port is opened. The internal volume ratio of
the non-adjustable type has been fixed when the compressor is manufactured, and the internal
volume ratio of the adjustable type can be adjusted during operation.
Different internal volume ratios should be selected for different operating conditions. When the
operating conditions deviate from the internal volume ratio, the compressor will experience power
loss.
The non-adjustable compressor has three internal volume ratios for users to choose, namely L
14
(internal volume ratio 2.6), M (internal volume ratio 3.6), H (internal volume ratio 5.0).
The adjustable compressor can be continuously adjusted between L (internal volume ratio 2.6)
to H (internal volume ratio 5.0). By controlling the inflow and outflow of lubricating oil on both sides of
the inner volume ratio oil piston, changing the pressure on both sides, driving the inner volume ratio
spool valve to move in the rotor cavity, changing the size of the effective exhaust port of the energy
spool valve to change the inner volume ratio.
3.1.3 能量调节 Energy Regulation
通过控制能量油活塞两侧润滑油的进出，改变其两侧的压力，带动能量滑阀在转子腔内移动，从
而改变转子的有效工作长度，实现压缩机的能量无级调节。
By controlling the entry and exit of oil on both sides of the energy oil piston, the pressure on
both sides is changed, and the energy slide valve is driven to move in the rotor cavity, thereby
changing the effective working length of the rotor and realizing the stepless adjustment of the energy
of the compressor.
注意:能量指示器的显示是滑阀位移的百分比，不等于能量的真实百分比。
Note: The display of the energy indicator is a percentage of the displacement of the slider, not equal
to the true percentage of energy.
3.1.4 机组工作原理 Unit Working Principle
从低压系统来的低温低压蒸汽经吸气过滤器后进入低压级压缩，压缩后与经济器来的中温中压气
体混合后进入高压级再次压缩成高温高压气体，进入油分离器，在油分离器内经过油气分离后排出。
The low-temperature and low-pressure steam from the low-pressure system enters the
low-pressure stage compression through the suction filter. After compression, it is mixed with the
medium-temperature medium-pressure gas from the economizer and then enters the high-pressure
stage. It is compressed again into high-temperature and high-pressure gas and enters the oil
separator, where the oil is separated. After the separation of oil and gas inside the device.
从贮液器来的高压液体进入经济器壳程，引出一路经节流降压后进入经济器的管程，蒸发后与低
压级排气混合；剩余部分过冷后进入蒸发器。
The high-pressure liquid from the receiver enters the shell of the economizer and leads out the
way to the economizer after throttling and depressurizing. After evaporation, it is mixed with the
low-pressure exhaust gas. The remaining part is cooled and enters the evaporator.
油分离器内的冷冻机油经油冷却器冷却、油过滤器过滤后，一部分在压差的作用下进入低压级转
子腔，另一部分通过油泵增压后经压缩机轴承、轴封和平衡活塞等处进入压缩机转子腔。转子腔内的
冷冻机油与吸入的蒸气混合后一同被低压级和高压级压缩后进入油分离器进行油气分离，依此循环。
After the oil in the oil separator is cooled by the oil cooler and filtered by the oil filter, part of it
enters into the low-pressure-stage rotor cavity under pressure differential, and the other part is
pressurized by the oil pump and then passes through the compressor bearing, shaft seal and
balance piston, etc. At the compressor rotor cavity. The refrigerating machine oil in the rotor cavity
is mixed with the inhaled vapor and is then compressed by the low pressure stage and the high
pressure stage before entering the oil separator for oil and gas separation, and the cycle is
repeated.
油气路系统图见附图一、附图二。See Figure 1 and Figure 2 for the oil and gas system
15
设备中有多种阀门，按其工作性质不同，设备操作时期不同，其工作状态也不相同。直接通向大
气的阀门在不检修的情况下全部关闭，系统内部截止阀（除非其他规定）全部处于开启状态，调节阀
需要根据需要调整开度。
There are many kinds of valves in the equipment. According to the different nature of the work,
the equipment operates at different times and its working status is different. Valves that open
directly to the atmosphere are all closed without maintenance. The internal shutoff valves (unless
otherwise specified) are all open, and the regulators need to adjust the opening as needed.
警告！Warning !!
安全阀前的截止阀必须完全打开。压缩机后的排气阀开机前必须打开。
The shut-off valve in front of the safety valve must be fully open.
The exhaust valve behind the compressor must be opened before
starting up.
3.2 结构特征 Structural features
3.2.1 主要部件及外形图 Main Components and Outline Drawings

本设备的主要部件有：压缩机、油分离器、油冷却器、油泵、吸气过滤器、油过滤器、吸气止回
阀、排气截止止回阀、经济器（仅自带经济器机组）和补气过滤器（仅自带经济器机组）、电控、电
机和联轴器等。部分设备外形图见附图。
The main components of this equipment are: compressor, oil separator, oil cooler, oil pump,
suction filter, oil filter, suction check valve, exhaust cut-off check valve, economizer (with only
economizer unit) and replenishment filters (with only economizer units), electrical controls, motors
and couplings. Some equipment outline drawing sees the figure.
3.2.2 压缩机 Compressor
压缩机主要由机体、吸气端座、排气端座、油缸体、轴封盖、转子、主轴承、轴封、平衡活塞、
能量调节滑阀及油活塞、能量指示器等组成。
The compressor is mainly composed of a body, a suction seat, an exhaust seat, a cylinder body,
a shaft cover, a rotor, a main bearing, a shaft seal, a balance piston, an energy adjustment slide
valve, an oil piston, and an energy indicator.
内容积比可调型除上述部件外增加了内容积比滑阀及油活塞、油缸隔板。
In addition to the above components, the internal volume ratio adjustable type has added an
internal volume ratio spool valve, oil piston, and oil cylinder separator.
3.2.3 油分离器 Oil separator
油分离器主要由筒体、封头、法兰盖和高效油气滤芯等组成。拆掉封头上的法兰盖，可更换油气
滤芯。
The oil separator is mainly composed of a cylinder body, a head, a flange cover, and an
efficient oil and gas filter element. Remove the flange cover on the head and replace the oil and
gas filter element.
16
3.2.4 油冷却器 Oil Cooler
卧式壳管式，制冷剂液体在管程流动，油在壳程流动。管箱与管板焊接连接。换热管与管板连接。管
束由折流板支撑。换热管为高效管。
Horizontal shell tube type, the refrigerant liquid flows in the tube and the oil flows in the shell. The
tube box is welded to the tube sheet. Heat exchange tube and tube plate connection. The bundle
is supported by baffles. Heat exchange tubes are efficient tubes.
3.2.5 油泵 Oil Pump
油泵为转子柱塞泵。详见《转子柱塞泵使用说明书》。
The oil pump is a rotor plunger pump. For details, refer to the "Radiator Pump Operation
Manual".
3.2.6 吸气过滤器 Suction filter
安装在压缩机吸气口，由壳体、滤芯、平盖等组成。拆掉平盖，可拆卸清洗滤芯。见附图八。
Installed in the suction port of the compressor, it is composed of a body, a filter element and a
flat cover. Remove the flat cover and remove the filter element. See Figure 8.
3.2.7 油过滤器 Oil Filter
安装在油冷却器与油泵之间，由壳体、滤芯、平盖等组成，拆掉平盖，可拆卸清洗滤芯。见附图
九。
It is installed between the oil cooler and the oil pump and consists : filter element, a flat cover,
etc. The flat cover is removed and the filter element can be disassembled and cleaned. See Figure
9.
3.2.8 吸气止回阀 Suction check valve
安装在压缩机组的吸气口，为双瓣旋启式。
Installed in the suction port of the compressor unit, it is a double valve swing type.
3.2.9 排气截止止回阀 Exhaust stop check valve
安装在油分离器出气口，带截止功能的止回阀。
Installed in the oil separator outlet, check valve with cut-off function.
3.2.10 能量调节电磁阀 Energy Regulating Solenoid Valve
能量调节电磁阀为三位四通电磁阀，安装在压缩机油缸上。
The energy-regulating solenoid valve is a three-position, four-way solenoid valve that is
mounted on the compressor cylinder.
3.2.11 经济器 Economizer
仅在自带经济器机组中装有。
Only installed in the economizer unit.
为卧式壳管式结构。高温高压液体进入壳程后一部分经节流装置进入管程。两侧管箱分别由法兰
与管板连接。换热管采用高效换热管，与管板连接。管束由折流板支撑。
It is a horizontal shell and tube structure. A part of the high-temperature and high-pressure
liquid enters the shell side and enters the tube through the throttling device. Both sides of the tube
box are connected to the tube plate by flanges. The heat exchange tube adopts high-efficiency
17
heat exchange tube and is connected with the tube plate. The bundle is supported by baffles.
节流装置为外平衡式热力膨胀阀，其结构详见其使用说明书。
The throttling device is an externally balanced thermal expansion valve, the structure of which
is detailed in its instruction manual.
3.2.12 联轴器 Couplings
安装在电机与压缩机之间，为弹性叠片式联轴器。详见其使用说明书。
Mounted between the motor and the compressor is an elastic laminated coupling. See its
instruction manual for details.
3.2.13 电机 Motor
运行 2500 小时至少检查一次，若出现润滑脂变质时，应及时更换。电动机运行中通过注油杯加
脂，2P 电动机每运行 2000 小时，4P 及以上电动机每运行 3000 小时，加脂 30－45g。加脂量随机座
号的增加而递增。加注锂基润滑脂，具体详见电机使用说明书。
Check at least once after 2500 hours of operation, and replace the grease in time in case of
deterioration. During the operation of the motor, grease shall be added through the oil cup, and
30-45g grease shall be added every 2000 hours for 2p motors and 3000 hours for motors above 4P.
The amount of fatliquoring increased with the increase of seat number. Add lithium base grease.
Please refer to the motor operation manual for details..
3.2.14 电控 Electronic control
采用 PLC 可编程控制器，人机界面操作屏。详见《控制器操作手册》。
Using PLC programmable controller, man-machine interface operation screen. See the
Controller Operation Manual for details.
18
第 4 章技术特性 Chapter 4 Technical Features
表 5 单级螺杆制冷压缩机组主要技术参数 table 3 Single-stage screw refrigeration

compressor main technical parameters
单位
项目 Item 12M 16S 16M 16L
Unit
制冷剂
品种 Varieties R717/R507A
Refrigerant
压缩机理论排量 Swept volume m³/h 289 423 606 720
compressor 能量调节范围 Energy range kW 15～100%
高温工况 High temperature
kW 328 497 718 851
working conditions
中温工况 Medium
temperature working kW 180/179 274/271 396/393 469/467
conditions
制冷量带经济器
Cooling With
kW 64/80 98/124 142/177 168/209
capacity 低温工况 Low economize
temperature r
working 不带经济器
conditions Without kW 53/55 82/85 119/123 141/147
economize
r
电制 Electrical system 3N 50Hz 380V
额定转速 Rated speed r/min 2970
冷冻机油牌号 Brand L—DRA46/长城专用油
Lubrication
充注量 Chargeing volume kg 130 220 220 220
oil
吸气管直径 Diameter of suction mm DN100 DN125 DN125 DN125
排气管直径 Diameter of discharge mm DN65 DN80 DN80 DN80
经济器进出液管直径 DN40/DN4 DN40/DN5 DN40/DN5 DN40/DN5
mm
Diameter of liquid inlet & outlet of economizer 0 0 0 0
安全阀直径 Diameter of safety valve mm DN20 DN25 DN25 DN25
制冷剂冷油型式 Type 壳管式 Shell-tube

冷却器进液管径 Diameter of liquid
Refrigerant-c mm DN25 DN32 DN32 DN32
inlet
ooled and
oil-cooled 出气管径 Diameter of air
mm DN40 DN50 DN50 DN50
cooler discharge
油泵 Oil 型号 Model 2ZH80A 2ZH125A
pump 电机功率 Motor power kW 1.5 2.2
2515*1160 3168*1310 3168*1310* 3168*1310
外形尺寸（长*宽*高）Dimensions(L*W*H) mm
*1915 *2154 2154 *2154
机组质量 Unit weight kg ～2480 ～3740 ～3800 ～3820
机组运行质量 Operating weight of the unit kg ～3180 ～4740 ～4800 ～4820
19
单位
项目 Item 20S 20M 20L 25M 25L
Unit
制冷剂
品种 Varieties R717/R507A
Refrigerant
压缩机理论排量 Swept volume m³/h 845 1139 1346 2321 2875
compressor 能量调节范围 Energy range kW 15～100%
高温工况 High temperature
kW 1006 1369 1641 2836 3536
working conditions
中温工况 Medium
temperature working kW 555/547 756/745 906/892 1568/1556 1958/1947
conditions
制冷量带经济器
Cooling With
kW 200/253 273/339 328/404 576/711 720/884
capacity 低温工况 Low economize
temperature r
working 不带经济器
conditions Without kW 167/174 229/237 275/285 482/501 605/629
economize
r
3N 50Hz
380V
电制 Electrical system 3N 50Hz 380V 3N 50Hz 3N 50Hz 10kV（或 6kV）
10kV（或
6kV）
冷冻机油牌号 Brand L—DRA46/长城专用油
Lubrication
oil 充注量 Chargeing volume kg 330 330 330 780 780
吸气管直径 Diameter of suction mm DN150 DN150 DN150 DN250 DN250
排气管直径 Diameter of discharge mm DN100 DN100 DN100 DN150 DN150
经济器进出液管直径 DN50/DN6 DN50/DN6 DN65/DN8 DN65/DN8

mm DN50/DN65
Diameter of liquid inlet & outlet of economizer 5 5 0 0
安全阀直径 Diameter of safety valve mm DN32 DN32 DN32 2*DN32 2*DN32
制冷剂冷油型式 Type 壳管式 Shell-tube
冷却器进液管径 Diameter of liquid
Refrigerant-c mm DN40 DN40 DN40 DN50 DN50
inlet
ooled and
oil-cooled 出气管径 Diameter of air
mm DN65 DN65 DN65 DN80 DN80
cooler discharge
型号 Model 2ZH125A 2ZH200A
油泵 Oil
pump 电机功率 Motor power kW 2.2 4
3737*1440 3737*1440 3737*1440*2 4951*2006 4951*2006
外形尺寸（长*宽*高）Dimensions(L*W*H) mm
*2356 *2356 356 *3223 *3573
7500～ 8000～
机组质量 Unit weight kg ～4440 ～4500 ～4530
9000 10000
9500～ 10000～
机组运行质量 Operating weight of the unit kg ～5440 ～5500 ～5530
11000 12000
20
注：高温工况为+5/+40℃工况，中温工况为-10/+40℃工况，低温工况为-35/+40℃工况，吸气过热 0℃，液体过冷 5℃，

带经济器时,液体出口温度比补气压力对应的饱和温度高 5℃。
Note:1、The high temperature working conditions are the working conditions at +5/+40℃,the medium temperature
working conditions are the working conditions at -10/+40℃；
the low temperature working conditions are the working conditions at -35/+40℃；
2、Suction superheat is 0℃，liquid subcooling is 5℃；
3、When the unit has an economizer,the liquid outlet temperature is 5℃ higher than the saturation temperature
corresponding with the air supply pressure.
表 6 单机双级螺杆制冷压缩机组主要技术参数
单位
项目 Item 1612MS 1612LS 2016MS 2016LS 2520MS 2520LS
Unit
低压级理
论排量
Swept
volume of m³/h 606 720 1139 1346 2321 2875
low
pressure
stage
高压级理
压缩机 compressor 论排量
Swept
volume m³/h 240 240 423 423 845 845
of high
pressure
stage
能量调节
范围 15～100%
Energy
range
名义工况 Nominal working
℃ -35/+40
conditions
名义工况制冷量 Cooling capacity
under nominal working kW 156/199 183/226 301/396 352/450 625/789 761/914
conditions
电制 Electrical system 3N 50Hz 380V 3N 50Hz 10kV（或 6kV）

品种
制冷剂 Refrigerant R717/R507A
Varieties
牌号
L—DRA46/长城专用油
Brand
冷冻机油
充注量
Lubrication oil
Chargein kg 220 220 330 330 780 780
g volume
吸气管直径 Diameter of suction mm DN125 DN125 DN150 DN150 DN250 DN250
排气管直径 Diameter of
mm DN50 DN50 DN65 DN65 DN100 DN100
discharge
中间冷却器进出液口直径
DN40/DN5 DN40/DN5 DN50/DN6 DN50/DN6 DN65/DN8 DN65/DN8
Diameter of liquid inlet & outletof mm
0 0 5 5 0 0
intermediate cooler
安全阀直径 Diameter of safety
mm DN25 DN25 DN32 DN32 2*DN32 2*DN32
valve
21
型式 Type 壳管式 Shell-tube
进液管径
Diameter
制冷剂冷油冷却器 mm DN32 DN32 DN40 DN40 DN50 DN50
of liquid
Refrigerant-cooled inlet pipe
and oil-cooled
出气管径
cooler
Diameter
of air mm DN50 DN50 DN65 DN65 DN80 DN80
discharge
pipe
型号
2ZH125A 2ZH125A 2ZH200A
Model
油泵 Oil pump 电机功率
Motor kW 2.2 2.2 4
power
长*宽*高
外形尺寸 3168*1310 3168*1310 3737*1440 3737*1440 4949*1900 4949*1900
（L*W*H mm
Dimensions *2154 *2154 *2316 *2356 *2982 *2982
）
机组质量 Unit weight kg ～4000 ～4030 ～4500 ～4560 ～9000 ～9090
机组运行质量 Operating weight
kg ～4600 ～4630 ～6000 ～6060 ～11000 ～11090
of the unit
注：1、机组的主电机是根据名义工况-35/40℃配置；
2、吸气过热 0℃，液体过冷 5℃；
3、其它特殊要求请咨询奥威。
Note：1、The main motor of the unit is equipped according to the nominal working conditions；
2、Suction superheat is 0℃，liquid subcooling is 5℃;
3、Please consult with Aowei for other special requests.
22
第5章安装调试 Chapter5 Installation and Commissioning
5.1 安装 Installation
5.1.1 机房 Machine room

a) 机房应有足够的安装和维护空间。
The equipment room should have enough space for installation and maintenance.
b) 机房应有足够数量、安装良好、朝外开的门，并采用手开。
The engine room should have a sufficient number of well-installed doors that open outwards
and be opened by hand.
c) 机房在地面上时，应有自然通风口。自然通风的气流不应受到周围环境的阻碍。
When the machine room is on the ground, there should be natural ventilation openings.
Naturally ventilated airflow should not be hindered by the surrounding environment.
d) 机房为地下室时，应设置机械通风装置。
When the machine room is a basement, mechanical ventilation should be provided.
e) 机房中除充注在机组中的制冷剂外，不能存储其他易燃易爆物质。
In addition to the refrigerant charged in the machine room, other inflammable and explosive
materials cannot be stored in the equipment room.
f) 机房的设计应能便于水的排出。
The design of the machine room should facilitate the discharge of water.
g) 当安全阀开启时，制冷剂应能顺利排放到室外。
When the safety valve is opened, the refrigerant should be able to be discharged outdoors.
5.1.2 基础 Civil foundation
基础的制作与验收应符合 GB50231《机械设备安装工程施工及验收通用规范》的要求。
The basic production and acceptance should meet the requirements of GB50231 General
Specifications for Construction and Acceptance of Mechanical Equipment Installation Engineering.
基础施工图见附图十一。
The basic construction drawings are shown in Figure XI.
a) 其深度应根据现场地质条件决定，但不应小于图示数值。
Its depth should be determined based on the site's geological conditions, but should not be
less than the figure shown.
b) 基础应与其它振源隔绝，隔绝带应填以吸振材料。
The foundation should be isolated from other sources of vibration and the insulation strips
should be filled with vibration-absorbing material.
c) 基础下地基应坚固，无下沉、透水或变形。
The ground under the foundation should be strong, without sinking, permeable or deformed.
23
d) 应采用符合建筑安装规范的材料和比例配成基础混凝土，浇入事先制好的基础框架中。
Mix the base concrete with materials and proportions that comply with the building
installation specifications and pour into pre-made base frames.
e) 基础的螺栓孔应根据图纸的尺寸预先留出。
The basic bolt hole should be set aside according to the size of the drawing.
f) 基础的浇注过程应是连续的，浇注后的基础必须平整。
The basic pouring process should be continuous and the foundation after pouring must be
flat.
g) 基础固化后对基础进行外观检查，应无裂纹、蜂窝、空洞等缺陷。
After the foundation has been cured, the appearance of the foundation shall be inspected
with no defects such as cracks, honeycombs or voids.
h) 基础固化后应进行承重检查，其承重能力不小于机组的运行重量。
After the foundation is solidified, it shall be checked for bearing weight. Its load-bearing
capacity shall not be less than the operating weight of the unit.
i) 将地脚螺栓孔内的碎石泥土清理干净，不允许有积水存在。
Clean the gravel soil in the holes of the anchor bolts and do not allow the presence of
stagnant water.
j) 机组安装在楼板上时，必须核算楼板结构的承重能力，能满足机组的运行重量，并采取减振
措施。
When the unit is installed on the floor, the load-bearing capacity of the floor structure must
be accounted for to meet the operating weight of the unit and vibration reduction measures
must be taken.
5.1.3 吊装与搬运 Lifting and Handling
能够利用铲车或行车搬运的产品应优先考虑使用铲车或行车搬运，否则需采用滚杠搬运。
Products that can be transported by forklifts or trucks should be given priority to the use of
forklifts or trucks. Otherwise, they must be handled with a roller.
机组均设计了吊装位置，吊装或搬运时可参阅图 5 铲运示意图和图 6 吊装示意图。
The units are all designed for lifting positions. Refer to Figure 5 for Scraper and Figure 6 for
lifting when lifting or handling.
a) 吊装搬运时，吊装点只能作用在机组相应的吊装位置上，张力只能施加在绳索的连接点上。
When lifting and handling, the hoisting point can only act on the corresponding hoisting
position of the unit, and the tension can only be applied to the connection point of the rope.
b) 吊装、搬运时应注意使其重心平稳。
During lifting and handling, care should be taken to ensure a stable center of gravity.
c) 产品用铲车搬运时，铲车点如图 6 所示，铲运时应使机组重心居于两铲中间，以免倾覆。
When the product is transported by a forklift, the forklift point is as shown in Fig. 6, and the
24
scraper should make the center of gravity of the unit occupy the middle of the two shovels
so as not to overturn.
警告! Warning !!
严禁使用机组上压缩机或电机的吊环螺栓。
It is forbidden to use the eye bolts of the compressor or motor on the
unit.
图 5 铲运示意图 Figure 5 Shovel schematic
图 6 吊装示意图 Figure 6 Lifting schematic

d) 机组若需要利用滚杠搬运，应在机组底座下沿其纵向固定（焊接、或螺栓联接）两根不小于
16＃的槽钢或工字钢等作为导轨。
If the unit needs to be transported by using a roller, it is required to fix two (not less than 16#)
channel steel or I-beams along the longitudinal direction of the unit base (welding or bolting)
as guide rails.
5.1.4 机组就位 Put unit at location
机组就位应在基础验收合格后进行。
The place of the unit shall be carried out after the acceptance of the foundation passed.
a）将随机地脚螺栓装在机组底座上，将机组在基础上落位；
The random bolts will be installed on the unit base to place the unit on the foundation;
b）分体运输的撬块机组整体就位后，各撬块间连接部件连接紧密；
25
After the split-unit transport block unit is in place, the connection components between the
block units are tightly connected.
c）靠近地脚螺栓处放上调整斜铁，以机组电机支座平面为基准，分别调整电机支座、压缩机支
座平面水平，水平度不大于 1/1000；
Place the adjustment inclined iron close to the anchor bolt, and use the plane of the motor
bearing of the generator as a reference, adjust the plane level of the motor support and the
compressor support separately, and the level is not greater than 1/1000;
d）斜铁块务必焊死，以防位移；
Oblique iron must be welded to prevent displacement;
e) 再次检验机组的水平度，确认机组水平度不大于 1/1000。
Check the level of the unit again to confirm that the unit level is not greater than 1/1000.
f) 用水泥砂浆浇注地脚螺栓、基础与机组底座间的间隙，浇注必须连续，在浇灌地脚螺栓时要
注意保持地脚螺栓的竖直；
Use cement mortar to cast the anchor bolts, the gap between the foundation and the unit
base, the pouring must be continuous, and pay attention to keep the anchor bolts vertical
when pouring the anchor bolts;
g) 待混凝土干固后，旋紧地脚螺栓螺母，并抹光基础表面；
After the concrete is dried, tighten the anchor bolts and nuts and wipe the base surface;
5.1.5 外接管路 External piping
5.1.5.1 所有外接管道的制作与验收应符合 GB50235《工业金属管道工程施工规范》、GB50184《工
业金属管道工程施工质量验收规范》及相关设计文件。
The production and acceptance of all external pipelines shall comply with GB50235 "Code for
Construction of Industrial Metal Pipeline Engineering" and GB50184 "Code for Construction Quality
Acceptance of Industrial Metal Pipeline Engineering" and related design documents.
5.1.5.2 外接制冷剂管路应符合以下要求：
External refrigerant piping shall meet the following requirements:
设备与其它设备连接的管路，应符合相应设备及系统设计安装的要求；
The pipeline connecting the equipment and other equipment shall meet the requirements for the
design and installation of the corresponding equipment and system;
外接管路的规格不得小于设备本身进出接口规格；
The specifications of the external piping shall not be less than the specifications of the interface of
the equipment itself;
外接管路应吊挂或支撑，不得将重量加载在机组上；
The external pipeline shall be hung or supported, and no weight shall be loaded on the unit;
连接系统管路时，不可强行连接；
When connecting system piping, do not force connection;
外接管路安装完毕后应进行充分的清洗或排污。操作时应与设备断开；
After the external piping is installed, it should be fully cleaned or drained. Disconnect from the
device during operation.
外接管路安装完毕后应进行压力、真空试验。
After the external piping is installed, pressure and vacuum tests should be conducted.
26
5.1.5.3 外接安全阀接管应符合以下要求：
The external safety valve takeover shall meet the following requirements:
a) 排放管的内径尺寸应不小于设备安全阀的通径；
The inner diameter of the discharge pipe shall not be less than the diameter of the equipment
safety valve;
b) 排放管应装设防水弯；
The discharge pipe should be equipped with waterproof bends;
c) 排放管应引至机房外，并远离机房进风口。气体排放口周围一米范围内不得有障碍物；
The discharge pipe should be led outside the machine room and away from the air intake of the
equipment room. There must be no obstructions within one meter of the gas discharge
opening;
d) 若同时装有多台设备，每台设备必须分别安装本身的排放管。
If more than one device is installed at the same time, each device must be installed with its own
discharge pipe.
5.1.6 电气线路 Electrical Circuits
设备安装就位后，安装启动控制柜，连接电气线路，然后对设备所有的电气元件及线路进行检查。详
见《控制器操作手册》。
After the equipment is installed in place, install the startup control cabinet, connect the electrical
wiring, and then check all the electrical components and wiring of the equipment. See the
Controller Operation Manual for details.
警告! Warning !!
当启动柜客户自备时，其设计制作及与设备连接线路规格，须严格按照我
公司提供的相关图纸或说明进行。
When the start-up cabinet customers bring their own, their design
and production line connection with the equipment must be strictly in
accordance with the relevant drawings or instructions provided by our
company.
5.2 调试 Commissioning
5.2.1 要求 Requirements
系统安装完成后可进行调试，调试工作须由我公司调试人员或有相关资质并被认可的专业人士进
行。
After the installation of the system, the commissioning work must be carried out by our
company's commissioning person or professionals with relevant qualifications and accreditation.
5.2.2 调试前的准备工作 Preparations before commissioning
调试前应按表 5 的内容进行确认。
Check the contents of Table 5 before commissioning.
表 7 设备调试前的确认 table 5 Confirmation before commissioning
27
按要求安装完毕
Installed as required
设备水平度调整完毕（长、宽度方向不平度≤1/1000）
Equipment level adjustment is completed (length, width direction unevenness ≤
设备
1/1000)
Equipment
地脚螺栓紧固
Anchor bolt fastening
外观无磕碰、损伤、缺件等现象
No bumps, damage, missing parts, etc.
按系统设计文件要求安装完毕
Installed according to system design file requirements
已经排污处理，清洁度符合要求
Sewage treatment, cleanliness meets requirements
进行了压力试验，且符合要求
Pressure test conducted and meets requirements
进行了真空试验，且符合要求
系统 System
Vacuum test conducted and meets requirements
有足量的符合要求的冷却水
There is ample amount of cooling water that meets the requirements
有足量的符合要求的制冷剂
There are a sufficient number of qualified refrigerants
调试时产生的冷、热有足够的消耗途径
Cold and heat generated during commissioning have sufficient ways to consume
按电气设计文件要求安装完毕
Installed according to electrical design documentation requirements
系统的电气调试完毕
The electrical commissioning of the system is completed
设备具备送电条件
电气系统 Equipment has power transmission conditions
Electrical
System 动力电源容量满足机组运行要求
Power supply capacity meets unit operation requirements
动力电源线径符合要求
Power supply line diameter meets requirements
地线连接完毕
Ground connection is complete
无影响机组调试的其它因素（如未完成工程等）
No other factors affecting the commissioning of the unit (such as unfinished
机房 Machine
projects, etc.)
room
通风采光良好
Good ventilation and lighting
冷冻机油准备完毕
材料、工具 Freezer oil is ready
Materials, tools 氮气及辅材等准备完毕
Nitrogen and auxiliary materials are ready
28
常用工具及真空泵等准备完毕
Common tools and vacuum pumps are ready
警告！Warning ! !
严禁系统脏物、杂物、水等进入机组
It is forbidden for system dirt, debris, water, etc. to enter the unit
5.2.3 气密试验 Air tightness test

机组安装完毕后，根据系统的设计规定，进行相应的气密性试验。
After the unit is installed, according to the design rules of the system, conduct corresponding air
tightness test.
5.2.4 充注冷冻机油 Filling Refrigerator Oil
表 6 充注冷冻机油 table 6 Filling Refrigerator Oil
适用制冷剂冷冻机油品种
R717 克拉玛依 L—
DRA46
R507A 长城专用油
5.2.4.1 真空充注 Vacuum filling

a) 关闭通向大气和系统的所有阀门，关闭油泵后的截止阀，打开机组内部其它阀门；
Close all the valves to the atmosphere and the system, close the stop valve after the oil
pump, and open the other valves inside the unit;
b) 将真空泵与油分离器放空阀连接进行抽空。将加油管与加油阀连接，打开加油阀，加油至规
定值。
Connect the vacuum pump to the oil separator vent valve for evacuation. Connect the filler
tube to the filler valve, open the oil valve and refuel to the specified value.
警告! Warning !
气密和真空时不得使用本机组。
Do not use this unit when airtight and vacuum.
5.2.4.2 用外油泵充注 Filling with an External Oil Pump
a）关闭通向大气和系统的所有阀门，关闭油泵后的截止阀，打开机组内部其它阀门；
Close all the valves to the atmosphere and the system, close the stop valve after the oil
pump, and open the other valves inside the unit;
b）打开油分离器放空阀，将外油泵与加油阀连接，打开加油阀，开动外油泵，将油加至规定值；
Open the oil separator vent valve, connect the external oil pump to the oil valve, open the
oil valve, and start the external oil pump to add the oil to the specified value;
c）关闭加油阀。
Close the oil valve.
29
5.2.5 真空 Vacuum
冷冻机油充注完毕后，将真空泵与补油截止阀连接，抽真空至 5.3kPaA，由于系统中会有少量水
分，所以抽真空必须反复进行多次。
After the refrigerating machine oil is filled, the vacuum pump is connected to the charge stop valve
and the vacuum is drawn to 5.3 kPaA. Since there will be a small amount of moisture in the system,
vacuuming must be repeated several times.
警告！Warning !
① 油过程中严禁进入水份、脏物。
Not enter moisture or dirt during refueling.
② 使用刚启封的新油，不要使用在潮湿环境中长时间贮存的冷冻机油。
To use fresh oil that has just been sealed, do not use refrigerating machine
oil stored for a long time in a humid environment.
③ 奥威公司不承诺可以使用其它油品。
Aowei Company does not promise to use other oil products.
5.2.6 调整 Adjustment
5.2.6.1 安全保护及其设定值 Security Protection and Setting Values
本机组具有多重安全保护设置：
This unit has multiple safety protection settings:
a) 油泵电机过载
Pump motor overload
b) 主电机过载
Main motor overload
c) 排气压力超高
High discharge pressure
d) 油压差低
Low oil pressure difference
e) 电源故障
electricity failure
安全保护监测方法、设定方法及设定值详见《控制器操作手册》。
Safety monitoring methods, setting methods and setting values are detailed in the "Controller
Operation Manual".
5.2.6.2 同轴度 Concentricity
机组安装完成后，应重新调整同轴度。调整步骤如下：
After the unit is installed, the coaxiality should be re-adjusted. The adjustment procedure is as
follows:
a) 将联轴器防护罩拆下；
Remove the coupling guard;
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b) 将联轴器的叠片组件拆下。拆卸时应观察各零部件之间是否有相对位置标记，以便再装配时
对好相对位置标记；
Remove the coupling lamination assembly. When disassembling, observe whether there
is relative position mark between each component, so as to mark the relative position when
reassembling;
注意：拆卸时应注意保护好叠片的表面，以防碰伤。
Note: Care should be taken to protect the surface of the laminations
during removal to prevent bruising.
c) 将百分表固定在电机联轴节上，分别测量压缩机联轴节法兰圆周及端面跳动值，测量值不超
过联轴器说明书要求，同轴度合格；
The dial indicator is fixed on the motor coupling section, and the circumference and end
surface runout value of the compressor coupling flange are measured respectively. The
measured value does not exceed the requirements of the coupling specification, and the
coaxiality is qualified
d) 若跳动值超差，松开主电机地脚螺栓和调整螺钉；
If the jump value is too bad, loosen the main motor anchor bolts and adjustment screws;
e) 确认压缩机地脚螺栓紧固；
Confirm the anchor bolt of the compressor are fasten;
f) 检测两联轴节之间的距离，并调至规定值（在圆周向取 4 个读数的平均值，每隔 90 度测一个）；
联轴节之间距离见表 7；
Detection of the distance between the two joints, and adjusted to the specified value (in the
circumferential direction to take the average of 4 readings, measured every 90 degrees);
coupling between the distance shown in Table 7;
表 7 联轴节之间距离 table 7 Coupling distance
型号系列 12 16 20 25
Model series
距离 mm 83～83.4 95～95.4 130～130.4 130～130.4
Distance mm
g) 将百分表固定在电机联轴节上，分别测量压缩机联轴节法兰圆周及端面跳动值，测量值不超
过联轴器说明书要求，同轴度合格；
The dial indicator is fixed on the motor coupling section, and the circumference and end
surface runout value of the compressor coupling flange are measured respectively. The
measured value does not exceed the requirements of the coupling specification, and the
coaxiality is qualified.
h) 按标记将叠片组件、间隔轴放在两联轴节之间，并按标记对准安装；
Press the mark to place the lamination assembly and the spacer shaft between the two
joints and align the installation according to the mark;
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i) 安装联轴器的防护罩。
j) Install the coupling guard.
注意： ①应消除百分表在不同的位置产生的测量误差。②找正时只能调整电机。③自锁螺母有使用
次数限制，应及时更换。
Note: The measurement error caused by the dial indicator in different positions should be
eliminated.Adjust the motor only when you revis.The number of self-locking nuts is limited and
should be replaced in time.
联轴器的安装使用维护详见其使用说明书。
Coupling installation and maintenance details see its instructions.
5.2.6.3 电气 Electrical
设备使用前，应进行各项检查及模拟试验，具体操作事项及方法详见《控制器操作手册》。
Before the equipment is used, various inspections and simulation tests are to be carried out.
For detailed operation items and methods, refer to the “Controller Operation Manual”.
5.3 试运转 Test run
5.3.1 调试状态调试 Test status
5.3.1.1 运行前准备 Preparation before Operation

首次开机是试验性的开机，要认真、仔细地检查各部分的情况是否正常可靠，并做好如下准备工
作：
The first boot is a trial boot. Be carefully check the status of each part is normal and reliable,
and do the following preparations:
a) 确认设备附近无易燃易爆物质；
Confirm that there are no flammable or explosive materials near the equipment;
b) 确认系统内有足量的制冷剂；
confirm that there is a sufficient amount of refrigerant in the system;
c) 确认系统处于正常工作状态。
Confirm that the system is in normal operation.
d) 确认已充注足量的冷冻机油；
confirm that sufficient refrigeration oil has been filled;
e) 打开与系统的连接阀门，打开内部不直接通向大气的阀门（除特别要求关闭的）。
Open the connection valve with the system and open the valve that does not have
direct access to the atmosphere (except when it is specifically required to close).
f) 盘动压缩机联轴器，无卡阻现象；
Operate the compressor coupling without jamming.
g) 调整设备内各阀门处于正确状态。
Adjust the valves in the equipment to the correct state.
5.3.1.2 启动 Start machine
a）检查阀门状态；
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Check the valve status;
b）合上主电动机电源和控制电源；
Close the main motor power supply and control power supply;
c）将设备设在调试状态，设定方法详见《控制器操作手册》；
Set the equipment in the debugging state. Refer to the "Controller Operation Manual" for the
setting method.
d）确认油泵电机和主电动机的转向；
Confirm the steering of the oil pump motor and the main motor;
启动油泵电动机，同时观察油泵转向。转向不正确，急停，切断油泵电动机电源，调整油泵电动
机接线顺序。
Start the oil pump motor and observe the oil pump steering. Incorrect steering, emergency
stop, cut off the pump motor power, adjust the oil pump motor connection sequence.
油泵转向正确后，油泵油压高于排气压力 0.1Mpa～0.3Mpa，将压缩机载位全部卸载到零载位，
油泵启动延时约 20 秒启动压缩机，同时观察压缩机转向。转向不正确，急停，切断主电动机电源，
调整主电动机接线顺序正确后合上主电机电源。
After the oil pump is steered correctly, the oil pump pressure is higher than the discharge
pressure by 0.1Mpa~0.3Mpa, and the compressor carrier is completely unloaded to zero position.
The oil pump start delay is about 20 seconds to start the compressor, and observe the compressor
steering. If incorrect steering, emergency stop, cut off the main motor power supply, adjust the
main motor connection sequence is correct, and then close the main motor power supply.
警告! Warning !
压缩机启动前，若油泵连续运行超过 50 秒，应停机盘动压缩机联轴器不
少于 15 秒。
Before starting the compressor, if the oil pump is continuously operated
for more than 50 seconds, the compressor coupling should be stopped for
not less than 15 seconds.
e）让设备在零载位运转 30 分钟，并随时观察运行状况，如有异常，立即停机，查明原因并排
除故障后，再按上述操作程序重新开机；
Allow the equipment to run for 30 minutes at zero-load capacity, observe the operating
conditions at any time, and if any abnormalities occur, shut down the equipment
immediately, find out the causes and rectify the fault, and then restart the system according
to the above operating procedure.
f）设备运转正常后增载，按 20%的级差间隔 10 分钟逐级加载至 100%，同时调整吸气阀，保
证吸气压力在设备正常工作范围内，且所配主电动机不超载运行，如有异常，立即停机，查
明原因并排除故障后，再按上述操作程序重新开机。
After the equipment is running normally, it is loaded, and it is loaded to 100% step by step
in 20% step interval of 10 minutes. At the same time, the suction valve is adjusted to
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ensure that the suction pressure is within the normal working range of the equipment and
the main motor is not overloaded. Abnormal, stop immediately, find out the reason and
troubleshoot, and then restart the system according to the above operation procedure.
注意：能量指示器显示为压缩机滑阀的位移。
Note: The energy indicator is shown as displacement of the compressor
slider.
警告! Warning !
机组增载速度不宜太快。过快易导致回液。
The unit load speed should not be too fast. Too fast to cause liquid return.
5.3.1.3 运行参数调试 Operational Parameter Tuning

a) 调整油分离器的回油节流阀，通过回油视镜观察回油情况，以能看见回油油滴又略带有少量
气体为合适。
Adjust the oil return throttle valve of the oil separator and observe the oil return condition
through the oil return sight glass so that it can be seen that there is a slight amount of gas in
the oil return droplet.
b) 根据压缩机运行状态和主电动机运行电流，调整压缩机喷油节流阀。
According to the compressor running status and the main motor running current, adjust the
compressor injection throttle valve.
c) 调整经济器热力膨胀阀的开启度，使经济器出气温度高于中间压力对应的饱和温度 3～6℃之
间为宜。热力膨胀阀的调整方法：面对调整杆，逆时针旋转一圈，过热度减小 1℃；反之，
则增加 1℃。调整时，以旋转一圈为最大调整量（可分别调 1/4 圈，1/2 圈，3/4 圈，1 圈）。
每次调整后，设备要运行 20 分钟以上，使工况稳定，然后观察是否满足使用要求。如仍不能
满足要求，可进行第二次调整，直至工况适合；
It is advisable to adjust the opening degree of the economizer thermal expansion valve so
that the outlet temperature of the economizer is higher than the saturation temperature
corresponding to the intermediate pressure of 3-6°C. Thermal expansion valve
adjustment method: face the adjustment rod, counterclockwise rotation, the degree of
superheat decreased by 1 °C; otherwise, it increased by 1 °C. When adjusting, the
maximum amount of adjustment is to use one rotation (adjust 1/4 turn, 1/2 turn, 3/4 turn,
and 1 turn). After each adjustment, the equipment must be operated for more than 20
minutes to stabilize the operating conditions, and then observe whether it meets the
requirements for use. If it still cannot meet the requirements, a second adjustment may be
made until the conditions are suitable;
d) 设备稳定运行 4 小时后，如无异常，即可停机。
After 4 hours of stable operation of the equipment, if there is no abnormality, it can be shut
down.
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警告! Warning !
自动型设备在调试状态运行时，须由专业人士操作。
When automatic equipment is in commissioning, it must be operated by
professionals.
5.3.1.4 停机 Stop machine
a) 压缩机按 20%的级差间隔 10 分钟逐级减载至零载位，停机。油泵延时自动停止。
Compressor is decelerated to zero position step by step in 20% step interval of 10 minutes
and shut down. The oil pump delay stops automatically.
b) 切断主电动机电源。
Cut off the main motor power supply.
警告! Warning !
本设备在调试状态运行时，须由专业人士操作。
When the equipment is in commissioning, it must be operated by a
professional.
5.3.2 自动状态调试 Automatic Status Tuning
5.3.2.1 运行前准备 Preparation before Operation
a) 确认调试状态调试已完成；
Confirm that commissioning has been completed;
b) 按 5.3.2.1 调试状态调试的“运行前准备”条款进行。
According to the "pre-operation preparation" clause of 5.3.2.1 commissioning status
commissioning.
5.3.2.2 启动 Start
a) 合上主电动机源和控制电源；
Connect main motor source and control power supply;
b) 设定 PLC 运行参数值，设定方法详见《控制器操作手册》；
Set the PLC operation parameter value. For the setting method, see "Controller Operation
Manual".
c) 将设备设在自动状态，设定方法详见《控制器操作手册》；
Set the equipment in the automatic state. Refer to "Controller Operation Manual" for setting
method.
d) 按正常工作阶段检查阀门状态；
Check valve status according to normal working phase;
e) 启动设备，油泵启动，压缩机延时启动；
Start the equipment, start the oil pump, start the compressor delay;
f) 当出现吸气压力超高报警时，调节吸气阀，控制吸气压力在正常运行范围内，直至全开；
35
When there is a high suction pressure alarm, adjust the suction valve and control the suction
pressure within the normal operating range until it is fully open.
g) 观察设备运行状态。
Observe the operating status of the equipment.
h) 压缩机各自根据吸气压力设定值自动进行调节。如有异常，立即停机，查明原因并排除故障后，
按上述步骤重新启动。
Each compressor is automatically adjusted according to the suction pressure setting. If there
is any abnormality, stop the machine immediately, find out the cause and rectify the fault, and
restart it according to the above steps.
i) 按 5.3.2.3 调整运行参数在正常运行范围内。
Adjust the operating parameters according to 5.3.2.3 within the normal operating range.
设备稳定运行 4 小时，如无异常，即可停机。
The equipment is stable for 4 hours. If there is no abnormality, the equipment can be
shut down.
5.3.2.3 停机 Stop machine
a) 停机，压缩机卸载至零载位后停机，油泵延时停。
Shutdown, the compressor is stopped after unloading to zero position, and the oil pump
is stopped.
b) 切断主电源；
Cut off the main power supply;
5.3.2.4 同轴度热态调整 Concentricity Hot Adjustment
设备停机后，立即按照 5.2.6.2 对联轴器进行热态同轴度调整。
After the machine is Off, Immediatelyad justment of the coupling according to 5.2.6.2.
警告! Warning !
可出现液体封闭的管段，不允许两端阀门均关闭。
Liquid closed pipe sections may occur, and both valves are not allowed to
close.
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第6章使用操作 Chapter 6 Operation
为了更好地了解并准确判断设备运行情况，使用者须制定相应的运行标准或操作规程，并编制设
备运行参数记录表，实时监控设备状态，确保设备安全稳定运行。
In order to better understand and accurately determine the operation of the equipment, the user
must formulate the appropriate operating standards or operating procedures, and prepare a device
operating parameter record table, real-time monitoring of equipment status, to ensure the safe and
stable operation of the equipment.
设备在任何一次开启前，均须仔细确认设备完好，并具备开机条件。严格按照开机前的准备工作
逐项进行检查。
Before any opening of the device, it must be confirmed that the device is in good condition and
has the conditions for starting up. Strictly follow the preparatory work before starting the inspection
one by one.
6.1 运行 Operation
系统与机组的清洁度直接影响机组的正常使用，运行的前 100 小时要根据实际情况及时清洗吸气

过滤器、油过滤器、补气过滤器，必要时对润滑油进行更换。
The cleanliness of the system and the unit will directly affect the normal use of the unit. In the
first 100 hours of operation, the suction filter, oil filter, and replenishment filter should be cleaned in
time according to the actual conditions. If necessary, the lubricating oil should be replaced.
6.1.1 运行前的准备 Preparation before Operation
开机前要认真、仔细地检查各部分的情况是否正常可靠，并做好如下准备工作：
Before starting the machine, Carefully check whether the conditions of each part are normal
and reliable, and do the following preparations:
a) 确认机组附近无易燃易爆物质；
Confirm that there are no flammable and explosive materials near the unit;
b) 确认系统处于正常工作状态。
Confirm that the system is in normal operation.
c) 确认已充注足量的冷冻机油；
Confirm that sufficient amount of refrigeration oil has been filled;
d) 打开与系统的连接阀门，打开内部不直接通向大气的阀门（除特别要求关闭的）。
Open the connection valve with the system and open the valve that does not have direct
access to the atmosphere (except when it is specifically required to close).
e) 盘动压缩机联轴器，无卡阻现象；
Operate the compressor coupling without jamming.
6.1.2 开机 Start machine
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调试阶段完成后，自动型设备即可进行自动运行。
After the commissioning phase is completed, the automatic equipment can be automatically
operated.
a) 合上主电动机源和控制电源；
Connect main motor source and control power supply;
b) 设定 PLC 运行参数值，设定方法详见《控制器操作手册》；
Set the PLC operation parameter value. For the setting method, see "Controller Operation
Manual".
c) 将设备设在自动状态，设定方法详见《控制器操作手册》；
Set the equipment in the automatic state. Refer to "Controller Operation Manual" for setting
method.
d) 检查阀门状态；
Check the valve status;
e) 启动设备；
Start equipment
f) 当出现吸气压力超高报警时，调节吸气阀，控制吸气压力在正常运行范围内，直至全开；
When there is a high suction pressure alarm, adjust the suction valve and control the suction
pressure within the normal operating range until it is fully open.
g) 观察设备运行状态。按 5.3.2.3 调整运行参数
Observe the operating status of the equipment. Adjust operating parameters according to
5.3.2.3
6.1.3 填写运行记录 Fill in the operation record
为监测设备运行状态，建议用户编制适用的设备运行参数记录表，并准确、详细地填写。根据实
际工作需要参考表 8“螺杆制冷压缩机运转记录表”，编制设备运行参数记录表。
To monitor the operating status of the equipment, it is recommended that the user prepare a
suitable equipment operating parameter record form and fill it out accurately and in detail.
According to the actual work requirements, refer to Table 8 “Screw Refrigeration Compressor
Operation Record Table” to prepare the equipment operating parameter record table.
表中应不少于以下内容：日期、排气压力、吸气压力、油压、压缩机负荷、供油温度。
The table should be no less than the following: date, discharge pressure, suction pressure, oil
pressure, compressor load, oil supply temperature.
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表 8 螺杆制冷压缩机运转记录表 table 8 Screw refrigeration compressor operation
record table
机号：年月日
Machine Number: Year Month Day
型号：责任者：
Model: Responsible:
测定项目单测定时间
Measurement 位 Measurement time
items
unit
排气压力
Mpa
Exhaust pressure
吸气压力
Mpa
Suction pressure
补气压力
Mpa
Air pressure
油压
Hydraulic MPa
pressure
压缩机负荷
％
Compressor load
排气温度
Exhaust gas ℃
temperature
吸气温度
Suction ℃
temperature
供油温度 Supply
℃
temperature
冷却水进口温度
Cooling water ℃
inlet temperature
冷却水出口温度
Cooling water
℃
outlet
temperature
电机电流
A
Motor current
电压
V
Voltage
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6.1.4 巡视 Inspection check
建议每隔一小时巡视记录一次。若负荷变化较大，建议适当缩短巡视记录时间。
It is advisable to record every 1 hour of the inspection . If the load changes greatly, it is
recommended to shorten the inspection record time appropriately.
巡视应重点关注以下内容：
Patrols should focus on the following:
a) 注意观察油分离器视油镜，正常运行时的油位应不低于下视油镜中心，油位降低时，要及时
补充冷冻机油；
Pay attention to observe the oil separator oil mirror, the oil level during normal operation
should not be lower than the center of the oil under the mirror, when the oil level decreases,
it is necessary to supplement the freezer oil;
b) 调整油分离器的回油节流阀,通过回油视镜观察回油情况，以能看见回油油滴又略带有少量气
体为合适；
Adjust the oil return throttle valve of the oil separator and observe the oil return situation
through the oil return sight glass so that it can be seen that the return oil drop is slightly
accompanied by a slight amount of gas.
c) 注意压缩机和主电机运行的声音，测量各部位的温度，发现异常时应及时排除；
Pay attention to the sound of the compressor and the main motor, measure the temperature
of each part, and remove it in case of abnormality;
d) 观察轴封处滴油情况，必要时进行检修或更换；
Observe the drop of oil at the shaft seals and repair or replace if necessary;
e) 联轴器若有异常，应及时停机检查；
If the coupling is abnormal, it shall be stopped and checked in time;
f) 注意机组的运行情况，若出现异常振动，应及时停机检查；
Pay attention to the operation of the unit. If abnormal vibration occurs, check the machine in
time.
g) 自带经济器手动机组，补气过热度超出范围时及时调整经济器节流阀的开启度。
With the economizer manual unit, the opening degree of the economizer throttle valve can
be adjusted in time when the superheat of the supplement air exceeds the range.
6.2 停机 Stop machine
6.2.1 正常停机 Normal stop machine

设备按 5.3.3.3 程序操作。
The device operates according to the 5.3.3.3 procedure.
6.2.2 非正常停机 Abnormal stop machine
6.2.2.1 故障停机 Error stop machine
机组装有安全保护装置，当压力、压差、温度等超过规定范围时，控制器起作用使主机停车，同
时铃响报警，故障显示，指出事故部位，消除事故后，才能再次启动。
40
The unit is equipped with a safety protection device. When the pressure, pressure difference,
temperature, etc. exceeds the specified range, the controller acts to stop the host, and at the same
time, the alarm sounds, the fault is displayed, the accident site is identified, and the accident can be
started again after eliminating the accident.
发生故障停机时操作步骤如下：
The following steps are taken when a fault occurs:
a) 切断电源；
Cut off the power;
b) 查明原因并排除故障。
Find out the reason and troubleshoot.
6.2.2.2 紧急停机 Emergency stop
当操作现场出现严重安全隐患时，必须紧急停机。
When there is a serious safety hazard on the operation site, emergency shutdown must be
performed.
c) 按急停按钮；
Press the emergency stop button;
d) 切断电源；
cut off the power supply;
e) 查明原因并排除故障。
6.2.2.3 断电停机 Power off and shutdown
a) 切断电源；
Cut off the power;
b) 查明原因并排除故障。
41
第7章维护 Chapter 7 Maintenance
为了延长机组的寿命，正确的维护是非常必要的。
In order to extend the life of the unit, proper maintenance is very necessary.
7.1 保养 Maintenance
7.1.1 环境 Environment
定期监测机房内温度及湿度变化，排除环境中的有害污染物，符合 2.4 中的有关要求。
Regularly monitor temperature and humidity changes in the equipment room to eliminate
harmful pollutants in the environment and comply with the relevant requirements in 2.4.
7.1.2 机组 Unit
应经常进行设备外观检查，保持清洁；若有油漆脱落现象，及时修补。
Always check the appearance of the equipment and keep it clean. If paint peels off, repair it in
time.
7.1.2.1 设备采用的保温材料为橡塑发泡保温板或发泡聚氨脂，应经常检查保温材料是否破损。如有
破损，可用原材料或具有同样性能的保温材料及时修补。采用橡塑发泡保温板保温的设备，可直接采
购板材或管材，按原厚度重新保温。采用发泡聚氨脂的，按原厚度制作模型，现场发泡进行保温。
The insulation material used in the equipment is rubber foam insulation board or foamed
polyurethane, and it is necessary to check whether the insulation material is damaged. If it is
damaged, repair it with raw materials or insulation materials with the same properties. The use of
rubber and plastic foam insulation board insulation equipment, can be directly purchased sheet or
pipe, according to the original thickness of re-insulation. With foamed polyurethane, the model is
made according to the original thickness, and the foam is kept warm on site.
7.1.2.2 设备运行时，应经常检查连接部位是否有渗漏现象，及时采取相应的处理措施。水渗漏时连
接部位有锈蚀，制冷剂和油渗漏时连接部位有日渐扩大的油渍(排除人为滴落冷冻机油)。
When the equipment is in operation, it should always check whether there is any leakage in the
joints and take corresponding measures in time. When the water leaks, there is rust in the joint,
and when the refrigerant and oil leak, there is an increasingly large amount of oil stains at the joint
(excluding the dripping of freezer oil).
7.1.2.3 对于各种阀门应及时对阀杆进行防锈处理。
The valve stem shall be rust-proofed in time for various valves.
7.1.2.4 对油过滤器和吸气过滤器应根据实际使用情况，及时清洗。
The oil filter and suction filter should be cleaned in time according to the actual use.
7.1.2.5 制冷剂冷却油冷却器可根据使用情况定期排污和放油。
Refrigerant Cooling oil coolers regularly discharge and drain oil depending on the conditions of use.
7.1.2.6 电机、油泵、联轴器的使用、维护、检修详见各自的使用说明书。
42
The use, maintenance, and repair of the motor, oil pump, and coupling are detailed in their
respective operating instructions.
7.1.2.7 各种阀门和仪器仪表 Various Valves and Instrumentation
a) 应经常检查阀门盘根是否渗漏，及时采取相应的处理措施；
The valve packing should be inspected for leaks and appropriate treatment measures must be
taken in time;
c) 安全阀不可以随意拆卸或修理，应按技术监督部门的要求进行定期校验；
The safety valve shall not be disassembled or repaired at will, and shall be regularly checked
according to the requirements of the technical supervision department;
d) 压力表、传感器等应按技术监督部门的要求进行定期校验。
Pressure gauges, sensors, etc. shall be regularly checked according to the requirements of the
technical supervision department.
7.1.3 冷冻机油的管理 Management of Refrigerated Oil
在机组的使用过程中，为了保证机组的正常使用寿命，机组使用的 1000 小时内，应对油品进行
检测，必要时更换，但到 1000 小时必须进行冷冻机油更换。1000～3000 小时内应对油品进行检测，
必要时更换，但到 3000 小时必须进行冷冻机油更换。3000～8000 小时内应对油品进行检测，必要时
更换，但到 8000 小时必须进行冷冻机油更换。8000 小时以后应对油品进行检测，必要时更换。检测
周期应根据实际情况确定。检测项目、方法及更换标准见表 9。
During the use of the unit, in order to ensure the normal service life of the unit, the oil product
should be tested within 1000 hours of use and replaced if necessary. However, the replacement of
the freezer oil must be performed within 1000 hours. The oil product should be tested within 1,000
to 3,000 hours and replaced if necessary. However, the oil must be replaced after 3000 hours. The
oil should be tested within 3000~8000 hours and replaced when necessary. However, it must be
replaced by 8000 hours. The oil product should be tested after 8000 hours and replaced if
necessary. The detection cycle should be determined according to the actual situation. Test
items, methods and replacement standards are shown in Table 9.
警告！Warning !
① 禁使用低于要求的冷冻机油。
It is forbidden to use less than required refrigerating machine oil.
② 把油的定期分析和日常检验纳入正常管理中。
Regular analysis of oil and routine inspections should be included in
normal management.
7.1.3.1 冷冻机油的回收 Replace Oil
当冷冻机油需要更换时按以下操作：
When the refrigerating machine oil needs to be replaced, follow the steps below:
a）关闭压缩机吸、排气阀；
Close the compressor suction and exhaust valves;
43
b）打开油分离器上的均压电磁阀，使油分内压力降低；
Turn on the pressure equalizing solenoid valve on the oil separator to reduce the pressure in
the oil.
c）连接加油截止阀与回收装置，打开加油截止阀将油回收。
Connect the fuel stop valve with the recovery unit and open the fuel stop valve to recover the
oil.
注意: Note:
① 油时油分内压力不得超过 0.15MPa。
The internal pressure of the oil within the oil separator must not exceed 0.15 MPa.
② 滑油在热态时（60℃左右）容易放出。
The lubricating oil is easily released when it is hot (about 60°C).
表 9 换油标准 table 9 Oil change standard
项目换油指标试验方法
Item Oil change indicator experiment method
混浊度 mg/kg ＞200 400 目过滤网过滤
Turbidity mg/kg 400 mesh filter
2
40 ℃运动粘度 mm /s 超过±15％ GB/T265
2
40 °C kinematic viscosity mm /s More than ±15%
闪点 ℃ ＜140 GB/T3536
Flash point °C
颜色号＞4 GB/T6540
Color number
中和值 mg KOH/g ＞0.05 GB/T7304 或 GB/T4945
Neutralization value mg KOH/g
水分 mg/kg ＞100 GB/T260
Moisture mg/kg
灰分 % ＞0.05 GB/T508
Ash %
腐蚀试验＞2 GB/T5096
Corrosion test
介电强度 Kv ＜25 GB/T507
Dielectric strength kV
7.1.3.2 冷冻机油的补充 Supplement of Refrigerator Oil
油位过低时应及时补充冷冻机油。
When the oil level is too low, the freezer oil should be replenished promptly.
a) 开机补充：
Machine start status supply Oil:
1) 将加油管接到补油截止阀上，调节吸气阀，当吸气压力降到负压后，缓慢开启补油截止
44
阀，将油吸入；
Connect the filler pipe to the charge stop valve and adjust the suction valve. When the
suction pressure drops to negative pressure, slowly open the charge stop valve to suck
in the oil.
2) 观察油分视油镜，直到油位合适。
Observe the oil sight glass until the oil level is right.
b) 停机补充方法：
Machine stop status supply Oil:
1) 关闭吸气、排气阀；
Close suction, exhaust valve;
2) 打开油分离器上的均压电磁阀，使油分内压力降低；
Turn on the pressure equalizing solenoid valve on the oil separator to reduce the
pressure in the oil.
3) 将外油泵油管连接到加油截止阀上，开动外油泵，将油加入。
Connect the outer oil pump tubing to the fuel stop valve and start the outer oil pump to
add the oil.
注意：补油过程中应防止空气吸入。
Note: Air suction should be prevented during charging.
7.1.4 长期停机保养 Long-term shutdown maintenance
7.1.4.1 未使用长期存放 Not used for long-term storage
a) 应存放在温暖干燥的环境中并覆盖。
It should be stored in a warm and dry environment and covered.
c) 应定期进行外观检查。
Visual inspections should be performed regularly.
d) 控制箱保持通风，防潮。
The control box is kept ventilated and protected against moisture.
e) 可以将机组抽真空后充注 0.03MPa 的氮气并保持。
The unit can be evacuated and filled with 0.03 MPa of nitrogen and maintained.
h) 电机应保持干燥且应经常加热以排除线圈中的湿气。
The motor should be kept dry and should be heated regularly to remove
moisture from the coil.
7.1.4.2 当机组存放超过 6 个月，每 6 个月须重复以下工作：When the unit is stored for more
than 6 months, the following work shall be repeated every 6 months:
a) 检查并处理机器表面，重新包装。
Check and dispose of the machine surface and repack it.
b) 分析油的化学成分，如有必要重新充注。
Analyze the chemical composition of the oil and refill it if necessary.
c) 检查并修补锈迹，重新涂漆。
Check and repair rust and repaint.
当此机组准备投入使用前，必须确保各零部件完好，控制功能完好。
Before the unit is ready to be put into use, it must be ensured that all parts are in
45
good condition and the control function is in good condition.
7.1.4.3 使用后长期停放 Long-term parking after use
a) 利用制冷剂回收再生机组或其它制冷系统将制冷剂全部导出。
Use the refrigerant recovery regenerator or other refrigeration system to export
the refrigerant.
b) 冷冻机油全部回收。
All refrigeration oil is recovered.
c) 冷却水系统排放清洁。
Cooling water system emissions are clean.
e) 按 7.1.5.1 中各项工作依次进行。
According to the work in 7.1.5.1 in order to proceed.
7.2 检修 Overhaul
7.2.1 要求 Requirements
设备的检修应在我公司或有相关资质的专业人士指导下，严格按说明书操作，不得随意拆卸或修
理，否则由此引起的机组故障，将不在产品保修的范围内。
The overhaul of the equipment shall be conducted strictly according to the instruction manual
under the guidance of our company or a qualified professional. It shall not be disassembled or
repaired at will, otherwise the unit failure caused by this will not be covered by the product warranty.
7.2.2 设备 Equipment
在任何有制冷剂的部件维修前，其内部的制冷剂必须回收并确认已卸压。
Before any component with refrigerant is repaired, its internal refrigerant must be recovered and
confirmed to be depressurized.
7.2.2.1 制冷剂的回收 Recovery of Refrigerants
a）关闭吸气阀、排气阀，打开油分离器上的均压电磁阀；
Close the suction valve, exhaust valve and open the pressure equalizing solenoid valve on
the oil separator;
b）当设备内的压力与低压系统压力平衡后，关闭均压电磁阀；
After the pressure in the equipment is balanced with the low pressure system pressure,
close the pressure equalizing solenoid valve;
c）将设备内的剩余气体回收，直到确认机组完全卸压。
Recover the remaining gas in the equipment until it is confirmed that the unit is fully
depressurized.
注意：回收气体时应注意机房内的空气流通
Note: When recycling gas, pay attention to the air circulation in the
room
7.2.2.2 油分离器的检修 Overhaul of the oil separator
经长期使用后，除了进行排污、换油外，还应及时更换油气滤芯。
After long-term use, in addition to sewage and oil changes, oil and gas filter elements should
also be replaced in time.
a) 打开封头法兰盖，将油气滤芯拆下；
46
Open the head flange cover and remove the oil and gas filter element;
b) 更换新的滤芯、密封垫；
replacement of new filter elements and gaskets;
c) 将封头法兰盖安装紧固。
Install the head flange cover tightly.
注意：法兰盖的螺栓一定要均匀紧固。
Note: The bolts of the flange cover must be evenly tightened.
7.2.2.3 吸气过滤器、油过滤器和补气过滤器的检修 Inspection of Suction Filter, Oil Filter and Inlet
Filter
当吸气过滤器、补气过滤压力差分别大于 0.1MPa、0.05MPa 时应及时检修；油压差经常小于
0.1MPa 时，应及时检修油过滤器。
When the suction filter, replenishment filter pressure difference is greater than 0.1MPa,
0.05MPa should be repaired in time; when the oil pressure difference is often less than 0.1MPa, the
oil filter should be overhauled.
检修过程如下:
The maintenance process is as follows:
a）打开过滤器端盖，将过滤器的网胆取出；
Open the filter cover and remove the strainer's net.
b）清洗网胆，网胆不应有破损，否则必须更换；
Clean the net, the net should not be damaged, otherwise it must be replaced;
c）检查 0 型圈和密封垫，必要时更换；
Check o-rings and gaskets and replace if necessary;
d）将端盖安装紧固。
Fasten the cover.
警告! Warning !
清洗剂不得使用易燃品。
Wash detergent must not use flammable materials.
7.2.2.4 压缩机的检修 Overhaul of the compressor
压缩机的全面检修非常专业，我们不建议用户尝试自行检修。
The overall overhaul of the compressor is very professional and we do not recommend that
users try to overhaul it.
压缩机中的轴封部件、能量调节部件、能量指示器部件和平衡活塞部件的检修应由具有专业技能
的人员进行。
Repair of shaft seal components, energy conditioning components, energy indicator
components, and balance piston components in the compressor should be performed by personnel
with specialized skills.
7.2.3 定期检修 Periodic Maintenance
7.2.3.1 零部件的检修周期见表 10。 The overhaul period of spare parts is shown in Table 10.
7.2.3.2 由于各部件的检修期限与很多因素有关，如使用环境、日常保养、使用操作等等，无法做硬
47
性规定，上述检修周期仅供参考。
Since the maintenance period of each component is related to many factors, such as the use
environment, daily maintenance, use and operation, etc., it cannot be rigidly specified. The above
inspection cycle is for reference only.
7.2.3.3 上述检修期限是指正常运转条件下的维修周期，这一维修周期不能视为机器运转的保险期，
如运转中间发生事故，更不能受上述检修期限所约束。
The above-mentioned maintenance period refers to the maintenance period under normal operating
conditions. This maintenance period cannot be regarded as the insurance period of the machine
operation. If an accident occurs during the operation, it cannot be restricted by the above-mentioned
maintenance period.
表 10 零部件的检修周期 table 10 Spare parts inspection cycle
部件 part 检修周期 Maintenance cycle
序项目 project 3 个月半年 1年 3年备注 Note
号 3 months 6 1 year 3
months years
“O”型环清洗更换
"O" ring Cleaning replac
e
密封面清洗拆检
Sealing Cleaning Check
轴封
surface
Axis seal
轴封套拆检
Shaft sleeve Check
1 轴封腔清洗
Shaft seal Cleaning
chamber
轴承主轴承拆检运行 4 万小时更换
Bearings Main Chec Run 40,000 hours
bearing k replace
推力轴承拆检
Thrust Chec
bearings k
平衡活塞及套拆检
Balance Check
2
piston and
sleeve
48
“O”型环更换
"O" ring replac
能量调节机构
e
Energy
电磁阀过滤清洗
regulation
网 Cleaning
mechanism
Solenoid
filter
电机见电机使用说明书
3
Motor See the motor instruction manual
同轴度检查
Concentricit an
y examination
螺栓螺母检查、紧固
联轴器
4 Bolts and Inspection,
Couplings
nuts fastening
其它检修项目见联轴器使用说明书
For other overhaul items, see the coupling instruction
manual
注
油分滤芯压差大于 0.1MPa 时更换
5
Oil filter Change pressure difference greater than 0.1MPa Note
管程放油，壳
程放气
制冷剂冷却
油冷却器 Pipeline
6 Refrigerant
Oil cooler discharge,
cooling
shell side
deflation
轴套更换
Bushing repla
ce
轴封更换
Shaft seal replac
油泵 e
7
Oil Pump 轴承拆检运行 4 万小时更换
Bearings Chec Run 40,000 hours
k replacement
联轴器柱销更换
Coupling pin replac
e
49
清洗过滤网时必须更
更换换
“O”型环
油过滤器 replac Must be replaced
"O" ring
Oil filter e when cleaning the
吸气过滤器 filter
8
Suction filter 根据系统清洁度进行
补气过滤器定期清洗
过滤网
Air filter Regular cleaning
Filter
based on system
cleanliness
安全阀校验
9
Safety valve check
1 压力表、传感器校验
0 Pressure gauges, sensors check
压力、压差控制器校验
1
Pressure and differential check
1
pressure controller
1 地脚螺栓紧固
2 Anchor bolt Fasten
注：压差是指油气滤芯前后的压力差，可按冷凝器冷凝压力与压缩机排气压力之差估算，但必须排
除压缩机排气截止阀与冷凝器之间的阻力损失。
Note: Differential pressure refers to the pressure difference before and after the oil and
gas filter element. It can be estimated by the difference between the condenser
condensation pressure and the compressor discharge pressure, but the resistance
loss between the compressor discharge valve and the condenser must be excluded.
50
第 8 章常见故障分析处理 Chapter 8 Common Fault Analysis

and Processing
常见故障现象、原因分析及排除方法见表 11
Common fault phenomena, causes analysis and exclusion methods are shown in Table 11.
表 11 常见故障现象、原因分析及排除方法 table 11 Common faults, causes, and
troubleshooting
故障现象
故障分析处理方法
Fault
Failure analysis Approach
phenomenon
(1) 能量调节未至零位 (1) 减载至零位
Energy adjustment is not zero Reducing to zero
(2) 压缩机与电机同轴度超差 (2) 重新校正同轴度
The coaxiality of compressor and Recalibrate the coaxiality
motor is too bad
(3) 压缩机内充满油或液体制冷剂 (3) 盘动压缩机联轴节,将机腔内积液排出
The compressor is filled with oil or Rotate the compressor coupling to
liquid refrigerant drain fluid from the chamber
(4) 压缩机内磨损烧伤 (4) 拆卸检修
Compressor wear and burn Dismantle and overhaul
(5) 电源断电、电压过低(低于额定值 10％) (5) 排除电路故障,按产品要求供电
或电气故障 Eliminate circuit failures and supply
Power failure, voltage drop (below power according to product
压缩机不能 10% of rated value) or electrical requirements
正常开机 failure
Compressor (6) 压力控制器或温度控制器调节不当,使 (6) 按要求调整触头位置
cannot start 触头常开 Adjust the contact position as
normally Improper adjustment of pressure required
controller or temperature controller
makes contact open
(7) 压差控制器或热继电器断开后未复位 (7) 按下复位键
Differential pressure controller or Press the reset button
thermal relay not reset after
disconnection
(8) 电机绕组烧毁或短路 (8) 检修
Motor windings burned or shorted Overhaul
(9) 电位器、接触器、中间继电器线圈烧毁 (9) 拆检、修复
或触头接触不良 Demolition, repair
Potentiometer, contactor, intermediate
relay coil burned or contact bad
(10)温度控制器调整不当或出故障不能打 (10)调整温度控制器的调定值或更换温控
51
开电磁阀。器
Temperature controller misadjustment Adjust the temperature controller
or failure can not open the solenoid setting or replace the thermostat
valve.
(11)电控柜或仪表箱电路接线有误 (11)检查、改正
Electronic control cabinet or meter Check and correct
box circuit wiring is wrong
(12)机组内部压力太高。 (12)打开均压阀
The pressure inside the unit is too Open the pressure equalizing valve
high.
(1) 排气压力过高,使高压继电器动作 (1) 查明原因,排除故障
Exhaust pressure is too high to Identify the cause and troubleshoot
activate the high voltage relay (2) 调大控制范围,更换温控器
(2) 温度控制器调得过小或失灵 Adjust the control range and replace
Temperature controller is too small or the thermostat
out of order (3) 排除故障,更换保险丝
(3) 电机超载使热继电器动作或保险丝烧 Troubleshooting, replace the fuse
压缩机在运
毁
转中突然停
Motor overload causes thermal relay
机
action or fuse to burn out
Accidently
(4) 油压过低使压差控制器动作 (4) 查明原因,排除故障
stop of
Low oil pressure causes differential Identify the cause and troubleshoot
compressor
pressure controller to operate
during
(5) 控制电路故障 (5) 查明原因,排除故障
operation
Control circuit failure Identify the cause and troubleshoot
(6) 仪表箱接线端松动,接触不良 (6) 查明后上紧
Looseness of the terminal of the Tighten after checking
meter box and poor contact
(7) 油温过高,油温继电器动作 (7) 增加油冷却器冷却水量
The oil temperature is too high and Increase the amount of cooling water
the oil temperature relay operates in the oil cooler
(1) 机组地脚未紧固 (1) 塞紧调整垫铁,拧紧地脚螺栓
The unit foot is not fastened Plug adjust the horn and tighten the
anchor bolt
(2) 压缩机与电机同轴度超差 (2) 重新校正同轴度
机组振动过
The coaxiality of compressor and Recalibrate the coaxiality
大
motor is too bad
Excessive
(3) 机组与管道固有振动频率相近而共振 (3) 改变管道支撑点位置
vibration of
The natural vibration frequency of the Change pipe support position
the unit
unit and pipe is similar and resonant
(4) 吸入过量的冷冻机油或液体制冷剂 (4) 停机,盘动联轴节联将液体排出
Inhalation of excess refrigeration oil Shutdown, disc rotating joint
or liquid refrigerant discharge liquid
运行中有异 (1) 压缩机内有异物 (1) 检修压缩机及吸气过滤器
52
常声音 Foreign matter in the compressor Overhaul compressor and suction
Abnormal (2) 止推轴承磨损破裂 filter
sound Thrust bearing wear crack (2) 更换
during (3) 滑动轴承磨损、转子与机壳摩擦 replace
operation Sliding bearing wear, rotor and (3) 更换滑动轴承,检修
housing friction Replace the slide bearing, overhaul
(4) 联轴节松动
Loose coupling (4) 检查联轴节
Check the coupling
(1) 压缩机不正常磨损 (1) 检查压缩机 Check compressor
Abnormal wear of compressor
(2) 机内喷油量不足 (2) 调整喷油量
Insufficient oil injection in the machine Adjust oil injection
排气温度过 (3) 油温过高 (3) 增加油冷却器冷却水量，降低油温；检
高 Oil temperature too high 查系统工质液流通路
Exhaust Increase the amount of cooling water
temperature in the oil cooler to lower the oil
is too high temperature; check the flow path of
the system working fluid
(4) 吸气过热度过大 (4) 适当开大供液阀，增加供液量
Excessive suction superheat Properly open large supply valve to
increase fluid supply
(1) 吸气温度过高 (1) 适当调大节流阀
Suction temperature is too high Properly adjust the throttle valve
(2) 部件磨损造成摩擦部位发热 (2) 停车检查
压缩机本体 Wear of parts causes heating in the Parking inspection
温度过高 friction area
The (3) 油冷却器能力不足 (3) 增加液氨量,降低油温
compressor Insufficient oil cooler capacity Increase the amount of liquid
body ammonia, reduce the oil temperature
temperature (4) 喷油量不足 (4) 增加喷油量
is too high Insufficient fuel injection Increase fuel injection
(5) 由于杂质等原因造成压缩机烧伤 (5) 停车检查
Compressor burn due to impurities Parking inspection
and other reasons
(1) 清洗
(1) 油路管道或油过滤器堵塞 Cleaning
油压过低
Oil pipeline or oil filter plugged
Low oil (2) 检测油泵
(2) 油泵故障、磨损
Testing oil pump
53
Pump failure, wear
(1) 油压调节阀开启度太小 (1) 适当增大开启度
Hydraulic regulator valve opening too Increase the opening degree
small appropriately
油压过高
(2) 油压表损坏,指示错误 (2) 检修、更换
High oil
Damaged oil gauge, indicating error Repair and replacement
pressure
(3) 油泵排出管堵塞 (3) 检修
Pump outlet pipe plugged Overhaul
(1) 液冷系统安装不正确，不能保证充分供 (1) 检查系统
液、排气 Inspection system
The liquid cooling system is not
installed correctly and cannot
guarantee sufficient liquid supply and
油温过高 exhaust
Oil (2) 排温高

(2) 见排温高故障分析
temperature High discharge temperature
See discharge temperature too high
too high
fault analysis
(3) 油冷壳程有过多气体
(3) 排除壳程气体
There is too much gas in the oil
Exclude shell gas
cooling shell
(1) 冷凝器故障 (1) 检查冷凝器
Condenser error Check condenser
排气压力过 (2) 排气阀未开启或开启度不够 (2) 打开排气阀
高 Exhaust valve is not open or opening Open the exhaust valve
Exhaust is not enough
pressure too (3) 系统内存有过多的不凝性气体 (3) 排除系统内的不凝性气体
high There is too much non-condensable Exclude non-condensable gases in
gas in the system memory the system
(1) 加油过多 (1) 放油到规定量
Add oil too much
冷冻机油消 Drain oil to prescribed amount
(2) 压缩机吸进过多的液体 (2) 查明原因,进行处理
耗量过大
The compressor sucks in too much Find out the reason and deal with it
Excessive
liquid
consumption (3) 检查回油通道
(3) 油分离器回油不佳
of Check the return channel
Oil separator is poor
refrigeration
(4) 增载或减载速度过快
oil (4) 正确操作
Excessive load or load reduction
Correct operation
54
(1) 电磁阀故障 (1) 检修或更换
Solenoid valve failure Repair or replace
压缩机能量 (2) 油管路或接头处堵塞 (2) 检修、清洗
调节机构不 Plugged in oil lines or fittings Maintenance and cleaning
动作 (3) 油活塞间隙大 (3) 检修或更换
Compressor Large piston clearance Repair or replace
energy (4) 滑阀或油活塞卡住 (4) 拆卸检修
adjustment Slider or oil piston stuck Dismantle and overhaul
mechanism (5) 指示器故障 (5) 检修
does not Indicator failure Overhaul
operate (6) 油压过低 (6) 调节油压调节阀
Oil pressure too low Adjust the oil pressure regulator
(1) 轴封磨损过量 (1) 更换
Shaft wear excessive replace
(2) 动环、静环平面度过大或擦伤 (2) 研磨，更换
Dynamic ring, static ring, flatness or Grinding, replacement
abrasion
(3) 密封圈、O 形环过松,过紧或变形 (3) 更换
Sealing ring, O-ring too loose, too replace
压缩机轴封 tight or deformed
漏油(允许值 (4) 弹簧座、推环销钉装配不当 (4) 重新装配
为 3ml/h) Improper assembly of spring seat and Reassembly
Compressor push ring pin
shaft seal
leakage (5) 轴封弹簧弹力不足 (5) 更换
(allowable Insufficient elasticity of shaft seal replace
value is spring
3ml/h) (6) 轴封压盖处密封垫破损 (6) 更换
Damaged gasket at gland seal replace
(7) 压缩机与电机同轴度过大引起较大振 (7) 重新校正同轴度
动 Recalibrate the coaxiality
Excessive coaxiality between
compressor and motor causes large
vibration
55
(1) 油量不足 (1) 补充油
Insufficient oil Supplement oil
压缩机运行 (2) 油过滤器堵塞 (2) 清洗
中油压表指 Oil filter plugged Cleaning
针振动 (3) 油泵故障 (3) 检修或更换
Oil pressure Pump failure Repair or replace
indicator (4) 油温过低 (4) 提高油温
vibration Oil temperature too low Increase oil temperature
during (5) 油泵吸入气体 (5) 查明原因进行处理
compressor Pump suction gas Find out the reason for processing
operation (6) 油压调节阀动作不良 (6) 调整或拆修
Poor oil regulator valve malfunction Adjust or repair
停机时压缩机吸气止回阀故障(如阀芯卡住,弹簧弹性不检修或更换
反转不停(反足或阀损坏) Repair or replace
转几转属正 Suction check valve failure (eg, stuck
常) spool, insufficient spring elasticity, or
Compressor damaged valve)
non stop
reversal
when
stopped
(reverse
rotation short
time is
normal)
(1) 吸气过滤器堵塞 Suction filter plugging (1) 清洗过滤器
蒸发器压力 (2) 压力表故障 Cleaning filter
与压缩机吸 (2) 检修、更换

Pressure gauge failure
气压力不等 Repair and replacement
(3) 压力传感元件故障
Evaporator (3) 更换
Pressure sensor element failure
Replace
pressure (4) 阀的操作错误
and (4) 检查吸入系统
Valve operation error
Check the inhalation system
compressor (5) 管道堵塞
suction (5) 检查、清理
Blocked pipe
Check and clean up
pressure is (6) 压缩机液击
not equal (6) 检查
Compressor fluid strike
An examination
(1) 在正常情况下发生奔油主要是操作不 (1) 注意操作
机组奔油 Oil
当引起 Attention operation
problem Oil running under normal conditions is
56
mainly caused by improper operation
(2) 油温过低 Oil temperature too low
(2) 提高油温
Increase oil temperature
(3) 供液量过大
(3) 关小节流阀
Fluid supply is too large
Turn down throttle valve
(4) 增载过快
(4) 分几次增载
Overloaded too fast
Add load for several times
(5) 加油过多
Add oil too much
(5) 放油到适量
(6) 热负荷减小
Put oil to the right amount
Heat load reduced
(6) 增大热负荷或减小冷量
Increase heat load or reduce cold
load
注意：产品若有重大质量问题，务必与我公司联系，切勿主观判断，随意处置。
Note: If the product has major quality problems, be sure to contact our company, do not subjective
judgment.
附表一 R717 饱和状态下的热力性质表 Schedule 二 Thermodynamic properties in the saturated
state of R717
温度绝对压力比容specific volume 焓enthalpy 汽化热熵entropy
Temperat Absolute 液体Liquid 蒸汽蒸汽 Vaporizati 蒸汽
ure 液体Liquid 液体Liquid
pressure helium Steam Steam on heat Steam
t p ｈ＇ r s＇
υ＇ υ＂ｈ＂ s＂
℃ bar kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg.k
l/kg m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg.k
-46 0.515 1.4340 2.11333 -6.20 1397.63 1403.83 0.1760 6.3562

-44 0.576 1.4389 1.90242 2.60 1400.87 1398.27 0.2146 6.3166
-42 0.644 1.4440 1.71612 11.42 1404.08 1392.66 0.2529 6.2778
-40 0.717 1.4491 1.55117 20.25 1407.25 1387.00 0.2909 6.2398
-38 0.797 1.4542 1.40480 29.10 1410.38 1381.27 0.3286 6.2026
-36 0.885 1.4594 1.27465 37.97 1413.46 1375.50 0.3661 6.1662
-34 0.980 1.4647 1.15868 46.84 1416.51 1369.66 0.4033 6.1305
-32 1.083 1.4701 1.05513 55.74 1419.50 1363.77 0.4403 6.0956
-30 1.195 1.4755 0.96249 64.64 1422.46 1357.81 0.4770 6.0613
-28 1.315 1.4810 0.87945 73.57 1425.36 1351.80 0.5135 6.0277
-26 1.446 1.4865 0.80488 82.50 1428.22 1345.72 0.5497 5.9947
-24 1.587 1.4921 0.73779 91.45 1431.04 1339.58 0.5857 5.9623
-22 1.738 1.4978 0.67733 100.42 1433.80 1333.38 0.6214 5.9305
-20 1.901 1.5036 0.62274 109.40 1436.51 1327.11 0.6570 5.8994
57
-18 2.076 1.5094 0.57338 118.39 1439.17 1320.78 0.6923 5.8687
-16 2.263 1.5154 0.52866 127.40 1441.78 1314.38 0.7273 5.8386
-14 2.464 1.5214 0.48810 136.43 1444.34 1307.91 0.7622 5.8091
-12 2.679 1.5275 0.45123 145.46 1446.84 1301.38 0.7968 5.7800
-10 2.908 1.5336 0.41769 154.52 1449.29 1294.77 0.8312 5.7514
-8 3.152 1.5399 0.38712 163.58 1451.68 1288.09 0.8653 5.7233
-6 3.412 1.5463 0.35921 172.66 1454.01 1281.35 0.8993 5.6957
-4 3.688 1.5527 0.33371 181.76 1456.29 1274.53 0.9331 5.6685
-2 3.982 1.5593 0.31037 190.87 1458.51 1267.63 0.9666 5.6417
0 4.294 1.5659 0.28898 200.00 1460.66 1260.66 1.0000 5.6153
2 4.625 1.5727 0.26935 209.14 1462.76 1253.62 1.0332 5.5893
4 4.975 1.5795 0.25131 218.30 1464.80 1246.50 1.0661 5.5637
6 5.345 1.5865 0.23471 227.47 1466.77 1239.30 1.0989 5.5384
8 5.737 1.5936 0.21943 236.67 1468.68 1232.01 1.1315 5.5135
10 6.150 1.6008 0.20533 245.87 1470.52 1224.65 1.1639 5.4890
12 6.586 1.6081 0.19232 255.10 1472.30 1217.21 1.1961 5.4647

14 7.046 1.6155 0.18029 264.34 1474.02 1209.67 1.2281 5.4408
16 7.530 1.6231 0.16916 273.60 1475.66 1202.06 1.2600 5.4172
18 8.039 1.6308 0.15885 282.89 1477.24 1194.35 1.2917 5.3939
20 8.574 1.6386 0.14929 292.19 1478.74 1186.55 1.3232 5.3708
22 9.136 1.6466 0.14041 301.51 1480.17 1178.66 1.3546 5.3481
24 9.725 1.6547 0.13216 310.86 1481.53 1170.68 1.3859 5.3255
26 10.343 1.6630 0.12449 320.23 1482.82 1162.59 1.4169 5.3033
28 10.991 1.6714 0.11734 329.62 1484.03 1154.41 1.4479 5.2812
30 11.669 1.6800 0.11069 339.04 1485.16 1146.12 1.4787 5.2594
32 12.379 1.6888 0.10447 348.48 1486.21 1137.73 1.5093 5.2377
34 13.121 1.6978 0.09867 357.96 1487.19 1129.23 1.5398 5.2163
36 13.896 1.7069 0.09327 367.33 1488.09 1120.75 1.5699 5.1952
38 14.705 1.7162 0.08820 376.86 1488.89 1112.03 1.6002 5.1741
40 15.549 1.7257 0.08345 386.43 1489.61 1103.19 1.6303 5.1532
42 16.429 1.7355 0.07900 396.02 1490.25 1094.22 1.6604 5.1325
44 17.347 1.7454 0.07483 405.66 1490.79 1085.13 1.6904 5.1119
46 18.302 1.7556 0.07092 415.34 1491.23 1075.90 1.7203 5.0914
58
48 19.297 1.7660 0.06724 425.06 1491.59 1066.53 1.7501 5.0711
50 20.331 1.7767 0.06378 434.82 1491.84 1057.02 1.7798 5.0508
59
附表三 R507A 饱和状态下的热力性质表 Schedule 四 Thermodynamic properties of R507A
saturation
比容specific volume 焓enthalpy 熵entropy
温度绝对压力汽化热
液体
Tempera Absolute 蒸汽液体蒸汽 Vaporiza 液体蒸汽
ture pressure Liquid tion heat
Steam Liquid Steam Liquid Steam
t helium
p υ＂ｈ＇ｈ＂ r s＇ s＂
℃ bar υ＇ kJ/kg
m3/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg.k kJ/kg.k
l/kg
-56 0.628 0.7420 0.28133 130.73 338.54 207.81 0.7179 1.6749
-54 0.699 0.7455 0.25438 133.21 339.48 206.27 0.7293 1.6705
-52 0.777 0.7490 0.23051 135.69 340.41 204.72 0.7405 1.6662
-50 0.861 0.7526 0.20933 138.18 341.35 203.17 0.7517 1.6622
-48 0.952 0.7562 0.19049 140.66 342.28 201.61 0.7628 1.6582
-46 1.050 0.7599 0.17369 143.15 343.21 200.06 0.7737 1.6544
-44 1.155 0.7637 0.15867 145.64 344.13 198.49 0.7846 1.6508
-42 1.269 0.7675 0.14521 148.13 345.06 196.92 0.7954 1.6473
-40 1.391 0.7714 0.13314 150.62 345.97 195.35 0.8061 1.6439
-38 1.523 0.7753 0.12227 153.11 346.89 193.78 0.8166 1.6407
-36 1.663 0.7793 0.11248 155.59 347.80 192.20 0.8271 1.6376
-34 1.813 0.7834 0.10363 158.08 348.70 190.62 0.8375 1.6346
-32 1.973 0.7875 0.09563 160.56 349.60 189.04 0.8478 1.6317
-30 2.144 0.7917 0.08837 163.05 350.50 187.45 0.8580 1.6289
-28 2.325 0.7960 0.08178 165.53 351.39 185.86 0.8681 1.6263
-26 2.518 0.8003 0.07578 168.01 352.28 184.27 0.8781 1.6237
-24 2.723 0.8048 0.07032 170.48 353.15 182.67 0.8880 1.6212
-22 2.940 0.8093 0.06533 172.95 354.03 181.08 0.8978 1.6188
-20 3.170 0.8139 0.06076 175.42 354.90 179.47 0.9075 1.6165
-18 3.414 0.8186 0.05658 177.89 355.76 177.87 0.9172 1.6143
-16 3.671 0.8234 0.05275 180.36 356.61 176.26 0.9267 1.6121
-14 3.942 0.8283 0.04923 182.82 357.46 174.64 0.9362 1.6101
-12 4.228 0.8333 0.04599 185.28 358.30 173.02 0.9455 1.6081
-10 4.529 0.8385 0.04300 187.74 359.13 171.39 0.9548 1.6061
-8 4.846 0.8437 0.04025 190.20 359.96 169.76 0.9640 1.6043
-6 5.179 0.8491 0.03770 192.65 360.77 168.12 0.9731 1.6025
-4 5.529 0.8546 0.03535 195.11 361.58 166.47 0.9822 1.6007
60
-2 5.896 0.8602 0.03317 197.54 362.38 164.84 0.9911 1.5990
0 6.282 0.8660 0.03115 200.00 363.17 163.17 1.0000 1.5974
2 6.686 0.8719 0.02927 202.46 363.94 161.49 1.0088 1.5957
4 7.108 0.8780 0.02752 204.92 364.71 159.79 1.0176 1.5942

6 7.551 0.8843 0.02590 207.38 365.47 158.08 1.0263 1.5926
8 8.014 0.8907 0.02438 209.85 366.21 156.36 1.0350 1.5911
10 8.498 0.8974 0.02297 212.33 366.94 154.61 1.0436 1.5897
12 9.004 0.9043 0.02165 214.81 367.65 152.84 1.0522 1.5882
14 9.532 0.9113 0.02041 217.31 368.35 151.05 1.0608 1.5868
16 10.084 0.9187 0.01925 219.81 369.04 149.23 1.0693 1.5854
18 10.659 0.9263 0.01817 222.34 369.71 147.37 1.0778 1.5840
20 11.258 0.9341 0.01715 224.87 370.36 145.48 1.0863 1.5826
22 11.883 0.9423 0.01619 227.43 370.99 143.56 1.0948 1.5812
24 12.534 0.9508 0.01529 230.02 371.60 141.59 1.1033 1.5798
26 13.212 0.9596 0.01444 232.62 372.19 139.57 1.1118 1.5784
28 13.919 0.9689 0.01365 235.26 372.75 137.49 1.1204 1.5770
30 14.653 0.9785 0.01289 237.94 373.29 135.36 1.1290 1.5755
32 15.418 0.9887 0.01218 240.65 373.81 133.15 1.1377 1.5740
34 16.213 0.9993 0.01151 243.41 374.29 130.88 1.1464 1.5725
36 17.041 1.0105 0.01087 246.23 374.74 128.51 1.1553 1.5710
38 17.901 1.0224 0.01026 249.10 375.15 126.05 1.1643 1.5694
40 18.795 1.0349 0.00969 252.04 375.53 123.49 1.1734 1.5678
42 19.724 1.0483 0.00914 255.06 375.86 120.80 1.1827 1.5660
44 20.689 1.0626 0.00862 258.17 376.15 117.97 1.1922 1.5642
46 21.692 1.0780 0.00813 261.39 376.38 114.99 1.2020 1.5623
48 22.734 1.0946 0.00765 264.73 376.56 111.83 1.2121 1.5603
50 23.816 1.1126 0.00720 268.21 376.67 108.46 1.2225 1.5582
61
HV-402 A 压缩机吸气口
吸气过滤器
SF-401 HV-401
HV-413
HV-421
Y Y Y Y Y Y Y TV-402
CV-401 补气过滤器
PE-401 AF-401
SCV-402
G 经济器进液口 HV-414
HV-417
Y
压缩机主电机 HV-416
经济器 ECO-401
C-401 M-401 SOV-401
附图一单级螺杆压缩机组流程图
CPL-401 EV-401
STR-401
HV-415 SOV-402 F 经济器出液口
Y
Y
HV-412
TE-401
Y
SV-401 E 安全阀接口 B 压缩机组排气口
Drawing 1
HV-422 HV-420 HV-419 SCV-401
HV-418
62
Y Y
PDC-401
LG-401
Y
油分离器 OS-401
PE-402 PE-403
PC-401
Y
LG-402
HV-411
Y OV-401
CV-402
D 油冷出气口 Y
Y
Y
油冷却器 OC-401
Y
Y
Y Y
Y
H 电动机
EAS M-402 Y 油过滤器 Y Y Y C 油冷供液口
Y
Y TV-401 OF-401 HV-407
Y
HV-409 HV-403 ORV-401
Y
HV-404
Single-stage screw compressor flow chart

油泵油过滤器 Y Y
Y ZH-40 1
Y Y Y HV-408
OF-402 HV-406
Y
HV-410 HV-405
Y Y Y
HV-402 A 压缩机吸气口
PE-401 吸气过滤器
SF-401 HV-401
HV-413
HV-421
Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y TV-402
CV-401 补气过滤器
AF-401
SCV-402
PE-404 HV-423 G 经济器进液口 HV-414
HV-417
Y
HV-416
经济器 ECO-401
附图二单机双级螺杆压缩机组流程图
SOV-401
CPL-401
主电机 EV-401
压缩机 STR-401
C-401 M-401 HV-415 SOV-402 F 经济器出液口
Y
Drawing 2
HV-412
Y
SV-401 E 安全阀接口 B 压缩机组排气口
HV-420 HV-419 SCV-401
Y
HV-418
63
TE-401 Y Y PDC-401
Y
油分离器 OS-401 LG-401
PE-402 PE-403
PC-401 LG-402
Y
HV-422
HV-411
Y
OV-401
CV-402
D 油冷出气口 Y
Y
Y
Y
油冷却器 OC-401
Y TV-401
Y
Y Y
Y
Y
Y
H 电动机
M-402 油过滤器
Y
EAS Y Y Y Y C 油冷供液口
OF-401 HV-407
HV-409 HV-403 ORV-401
Y
HV-404
油泵油过滤器 Y Y
Y ZH-401
Y Y Y Y
OF-402 HV-408 HV-406
Y
HV-410 HV-405
Compound two-stage screw compressor flow chart

Y Y Y
表 12 压缩机组主要对外管口明细列表(流程图附表) table 12 Compressor group main
external nozzle details list (flow chart attached table)
标识
形式 Type 用途 Purpose
Identification
HG/T20592 法兰
吸气口
A HG/T20592
Air intake port
flange
排气口
B HG/T20592 法兰
Exhaust port
油冷供液口
C HG/T20592 法兰
Oil-cooled liquid inlet
油冷出气口
D HG/T20592 法兰
Oil-cooled air outlet
安全阀接口
E HG/T20592 法兰
Safety valve interface
经济器出液口
F HG/T20592 法兰
Liquid outlet of economizer
经济器进液口
G HG/T20592 法兰
Liquid inlet of economizer
表 13 压缩机组仪器仪表及控制元件列表(流程图附表) table 8 List of compressors,

instrumentation and control components (flow chart attached)
规格用途
标识 Identification
Specification Purpose
排压超高保护
PC-401 1.7MPa/2.0MPa
Ultra-high exhaust pressure protection
油压差超低保护
PDC-401 0.1MPa
Ultra-low oil pressure difference protection
检测吸气压力
PE-401 -1～9bar
Suction pressure detection
检测油压力
PE-402 0～25bar
Oil pressure detection
检测排气压力
PE-403 0～25bar
Exhaust pressure detection
检测中间压力(单机双级)
PE-404 -1～9bar
Intermediate pressure detection
检测供油温度
TE-401 -50～200℃
Oil supply temperature detection
观察油分内油位
LG-401
Observation of oil level in oil separator
观察油分内油位
LG-402
Observation of oil level in oil separator
64
表 14 压缩机组阀件列表(流程图附表) table 14 9 Compressor group valve list (flow chart
attached table)
代号代号代号代号
用途用途用途用途
Code Code Code Code
Purpose Purpose Purpose Purpose
name name name name
调节油分回
均压口油
HV-40 检修 HV-41 吸气止回 TV-40
Equalizing CV-401 Oil return
1 Repair 3 Gas intake check 2
port regulation of
oil separator
HV-40 补油 HV-41 检修喷油止回
CV-402
2 Oil-make 4 Repair Oil injection check
经济器供液自动调节
HV-40 检修 HV-41 检修
EV-401 Automatic liquid supply
3 Repair 5 Repair
regulation of economizer
检修、过滤、观察油分回油
HV-40 补油 HV-41 检修 Oil return of repairing、
OV-401
4 Oil-make 6 Repair filtering and observing oil
separator
引压口
HV-40 检修 HV-41 ORV-40 调节油压 Regulating oil
Pressure
5 Repair 7 1 pressure
guide port
HV-40 检修 HV-41 检修 SCV-40 排气阀
6 Repair 8 Repair 1 Exhaust valve
HV-40 检修 HV-41 放气 Relief SCV-40 补气阀
7 Repair 9 port 2 Gulp valve
引压口
HV-40 检修 HV-42 SOV-40
Pressure 均压阀 Equalizing valve
8 Repair 0 1
guide port
引压口
HV-40 检修 HV-42 SOV-40 供液控制 Liquid supply
9 1 Pressure 2
Repair control
guide port
引压口
HV-41 检修 HV-42 泄压保护 Pressure relief
Pressure SV-401
0 Repair 2 protection
guide port
HV-41 检修 STR-40 过滤经济器供液 Liquid

1 Repair 1 supply of filter economizer
均压口
HV-41 调节喷油量 Oil injection
Equalizing TV-401
2 quantity regulation
port
表 15 压缩机组流程图用符号及代号说明(流程图附表) table 15 Compressor group flow diagram

with symbols and code description (flow chart attached table)
65
符号Symbol 说明Note 符号Symbol 说明Note
吸气管路Air intake pipe I 指示Indication
排气管路Exhaust pipe E 电流Current
Y 油管Oil tube P 压力Pressure
直通截止阀Through shut-off valve T 温度Temperature
直角截止阀Angle shut-off valve HL 高位High level
角式节流阀Angle throttle valve LL 低位Low level
直通节流阀Through throttle valve Pd 压差Differential pressure
止回阀Check valve A 报警Alarm
安全阀Safety valve S 停机Stop
截止止回阀Stop-check valve C 控制Control
油温调节阀Oil temperature regulation valve HV 手动阀门Hand valve
视液镜Liquid level sight glass CV 止回阀Check valve
热力膨胀阀Thermal expansion valve TV 节流阀Throttle valve
电磁阀Solenoid valve SV 安全阀Safety valve
角式过滤器Angle filter EV 热力膨胀阀Thermal expansion valve
直通过滤器Through filter SCV 截止止回阀Stop-check valve
堵头Plug ORV 油温调节阀Oil temperature regulation valve
不锈钢回油阀Oil return valve PDC 压差控制器Differential pressure controller
箍节接头Collar joint PC 压力控制器Pressure controller
法兰Flange PE 压力传感器Pressure sensor
传感器Sensor TE 温度传感器Temperature sensor
控制器Controller EH 电加热器Electric heater
接头座Connector seat LS 液位开关Liquid level switch
ZH 油泵Oil pump LG 视油镜Oil level sight glass
SF 吸气过滤器Air intake filter C 螺杆压缩机Screw compressor
OF 油过滤器Oil filter M 电动机Motor
AF 补气过滤器Air supply filter OS 油分离器Oil separator
STR 过滤器Filter OC 油冷却器Oil cooler
ECO 经济器Economizer
66
SF-401 C-401 OS-401 M-401 AF-401
W4
H
H1
Refrigeration Compressor Unit Outline Drawing

H4
H5
H6
H2
H7
附图三 20 系列以下液冷油冷螺杆制冷压缩机组外形图
H3
C
67
L1 L2 A L3 L5
W2 D
L Lmin W3 W1 L4 L6
G
Φ26
M-402 PM-401 OF-401 W OC-401 ECO-401 L7
Drawing 3
L9 接口直径
E 代号名称用途
L8 12M 16S 16M 16L 20S 20M 20L
F
W5
A 吸气 DN100 DN1 25 DN125 DN125 DN1 50 DN150 DN150
W6
B 排气 DN65 DN8 0 DN80 DN80 DN1 00 DN100 DN100
B
C 油冷却器进液 DN25 DN3 2 DN32 DN32 DN4 0 DN40 DN40
D 油冷却器出气 DN40 DN50 DN50 DN50 DN65 DN65 DN65
E 安全阀 DN20 DN25 DN25 DN25 DN32 DN32 DN32
F 经济器出液 DN40/DN4 0 DN40/DN50 DN40/DN50 DN40/DN5 0 DN50/DN65 DN50/DN65 DN50/DN6 5
G 经济器进液 DN40/DN4 0 DN40/DN50 DN40/DN50 DN40/DN5 0 DN50/DN65 DN50/DN65 DN50/DN6 5
20 Series Liquid Cooled Oil Cooled Screw

L6
L5
DN65/DN80
DN65/DN80
2*DN32
DN250
DN150
DN50
DN80
25L
接口直径
DN65/DN80
DN65/DN80
2*DN32
DN250
DN150
DN50
DN80
25M
L3
L4
油冷却器出气
油冷却器进液
经济器出液
经济器进液
名称用途
安全阀
排气
吸气
H7
H6
H4
H5
代号
B
A
C
D
E
F
G
W
W1
W5
W2
H3
W3
H2
H1
H
W6
Lmin
W5
L9
L8
L2
L
L7
Φ26
L1
附图四 25 系列液冷油冷螺杆制冷压缩机组外形图 Drawing 4 25 Series Liquid Cooled Oil Cooled Screw

Refrigeration Compressor Unit Outline Drawing
68
SF-401 C-401 OS-401 M-401 AF-401
W4
H
H1
H4
H5
H6
H2
H7
H3
附图五 20 系以下单机双级螺杆压缩机组外形图
L1 L2 A C W2 L3 L5
D
69
L Lmin W3 W1 L4 L6
W L7
Φ26
M-402 PM-401 OF-401 G
OC-401 ECO-401
Drawing 5
接口直径
代号名称用途
screw compressor outline drawing

L9 1612MS 1612LS 2016MS 2016LS
E
L8 A 吸气 DN125 DN125 DN150 DN150

F
W5
B B 排气 DN50 DN50 DN65 DN65
W6
C 油冷却器进液 DN32 DN32 DN40 DN40
D 油冷却器出气 DN50 DN50 DN65 DN65
E 安全阀 DN25 DN25 DN32 DN32
F 经济器出液 DN40/DN50 DN40/DN50 DN50/DN65 DN50/DN65
G 经济器进液 DN40/DN50 DN40/DN50 DN50/DN65 DN50/DN65
Below 20 series compound two-stage

SF-401 C-401 OS-401 M-401 AF-401
W4
compressor outline drawing

H
H1
H4
H5
H6
H2
H7
H3
Φ 26
A G C
附图六 25 系单机双级螺杆压缩机组外形图
L1 L2 W2 L3 D L5
L Lmin W3 W1 L4 L6
M-402 PM-401 OF-401 W OC-401 ECO-401
70
Drawing 6
L9 E
L8 E 接口直径
W5
W6
L7 F 代号名称用途 2520MS 2520LS
A 吸气 DN250 DN250
B 排气 DN100 DN100
B
C 油冷却器进液 DN50 DN50
D 油冷却器出气 DN80 DN80
E 安全阀 2*DN32 2*DN32
F 经济器出液 DN65/DN80 DN65/DN80
G 经济器进液 DN65/DN80 DN65/DN80
25 series compound two-stage screw

表 16 主要对外接口明细表(外形图) 表 17 主要对外接口明细表(外形图)
table 16 10 The main external interface table 17 11 The main external interface
schedule (outline)
标识用途代号用途
Identification Purpose Code Purpose
吸气口螺杆压缩机
A C-401
Suction Screw compressor
排气口电动机
B M-401
Discharge Motor
油冷供液口电动机
C M-402
Oil-cooled liquid inlet Motor
油冷出气口油泵
D PM-401
Oil-cooled air outlet Oil pump
安全阀接口油分离器
E OS-401
Ssfety valve interface Oil separator
经济器出液口油冷却器
F OC-401
Liquid outlet of economizer Oil cooler
经济器进液口 ECO-40 经济器
G
Liquid inlet of economizer 1 Economizer
油过滤器
OF-401
Oil filter
吸气过滤器
SF-401
Air intake filter
补气过滤器
AF-401
Air supply filter
71
表 18 螺杆压缩机组外形图尺寸表 table 18 12 Screw Compressor Outline Drawing Dimensions
Lmi W W
型号 Model L L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 L6 L7 L8 L9 W W1 W2 W4 W6 H H1 H2 H3 H4 H5 H6 H7
n 3 5
UA12MTE 2515 620 1285 515 600 500 361 449 1281 1539 280 1160 1060 130 50 198 96 165 1915 1782 388 225 970 800 818 263
UA16STE 3168 822 1650 578 627 606 782 420 1693 1910 570 1310 1210 155 50 195 54 178 2119 1961 449 240 1140 968 881 304
UA16MTE 3168 822 1650 578 627 606 782 500 1693 1910 570 1310 1210 155 50 195 54 178 2154 1996 449 240 1140 968 881 304
UA16LTE 3168 822 1650 578 627 606 782 550 1693 1910 570 1310 1210 155 50 195 54 178 2154 1996 449 240 1140 968 881 304
UA20STE 3737 822 1830 591 810 490 623 682 1872 2230 870 1440 1295 180 50 279 92 212 2316 2158 543 287 1196 1058 1043 352
UA20MTE 3737 822 1830 591 810 490 623 767 1872 2230 870 1440 1295 180 50 279 92 212 2356 2198 543 287 1196 1058 1043 352
UA20LTE 3737 822 1830 591 810 490 623 827 1872 2230 870 1440 1295 180 50 279 92 212 2356 2198 543 287 1196 1058 1043 352
UA25MTE 4951 822 2600 679 1068 722 845 2024 2804 3004 860 2006 1800 200 50 280 31 86 3223 2819 624 373 1410 1364 1200 449
UA25LTE 4951 822 2600 679 1068 722 940 2024 2804 3004 860 2006 1800 200 50 280 31 86 3573 2869 624 373 1410 1364 1200 449
UA1612M
3168 822 1650 578 627 606 481 782 1693 1910 570 1310 1210 155 50 195 54 178 2154 1996 449 240 1140 881 968 304
ST
UA1612LS
3168 822 1650 578 627 606 481 782 1693 1910 570 1310 1210 155 50 195 54 178 2154 1996 449 240 1140 881 968 304
T
UA2016M
3737 822 1830 591 810 490 516 623 1872 2230 870 1440 1295 180 50 279 92 268 2315 2158 543 287 1196 965 1043 352
ST
UA2016LS
3737 822 1830 591 810 490 516 623 1872 2230 870 1440 1295 180 50 279 92 268 2355 2198 543 287 1196 965 1043 352
T
UA2520M
4949 822 2600 679 1068 559 722 2024 2804 3004 860 1900 1800 200 50 358 82 156 2982 2769 624 373 1364 1410 1200 449
ST
UA2520LS
4949 822 2600 679 1068 559 722 2024 2804 3004 860 1900 1800 200 50 358 82 156 2982 2769 624 373 1364 1410 1200 449
T
72
400 A
100 流水槽Water sink
±0.000
50
450
700
C 70
4×250
50 50
60
4×120
B
D
60
流水槽要有一定的坡度，坡向机房地漏
型号Model A B C D
12系列 12 series 1285 1060 2085 1580
16系列 16 series 1650 1210 2450 1730
20系列 20 series 1830 1295 2630 1815
25系列 25 series 2600 1800 3400 2320
附图七基础图 Drawing 7 Foundation drawing
73
附图八吸气过滤器 Drawing 8 Suction filter
附图九油过滤器 Drawing 9 Oil filter
74
详细地址：烟台市牟平区沁水工业园金埠大街 199 号 Address: No. 199, Jinbu Street, Qinshui

邮政编码：264117 Industrial Park, Muping District, Yantai City
联系电话：0535-3395800 0535-3396796 Postal Code: 264117
传真电话：0535-3397996 Tel: 0535-3395800 0535-3396796
售后服务：0535-3398887 Fax Telephone: 0535-3397996
网址：http://www.aowid.com.cn After-sales service: 0535-3398887
信箱：master@aowid.com.cn Website: http://www.aowid.com.cn
日期：2021 年 12 月 11 日第 3 版 Mailbox: master@aowid.com.cn
Date: December 11, 2020 three Edition

Ua、Uf开启螺杆压缩机组说明书 第3版

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`YANTAI AOWEI REFRIGERATION EQUIPMENTS CO.,LTD.

表 1 单级螺杆制冷压缩机组适用条件 Table 1 Single-stage screw refrigeration compressor

附表 一 R717 饱和状态下的热力性质表 Schedule 一 Thermodynamic properties in the

图 1 吸入过程 Figure 1 Inhalation process ................................................................................ 13

附图 一 单级螺杆压缩机组流程图 Drawing 1 Single-stage screw compressor flow chart .... 62

第1章 环保与安全 Chapter 1 Environmental Protection and Safety

1.1 环保注意事项 Environmental precautions

1.2 安全注意事项 Safety Precautions

1.3 压力容器使用安全事项 Safety precautions for use of pressure vessels

第2章 概述 Chapter 2 Overview

2.1 主要用途 Main Application

2.2 机组特点 Unit Features

2.3 适用条件 Applicable conditions

机组的适用范围不得超过表 1、表 2 的规定。制冷剂的特性见附表一、附表二。

表 1 单级螺杆制冷压缩机组适用条件 Table 2 Single-stage screw refrigeration

制冷剂 Refrigerant R717 R507A

表 3 单机双级螺杆制冷压缩机组适用条件 Table 4 Two-stage screw refrigeration

2.4 使用环境 Use Environment

3.1 工作原理 How does it work

3.1.1 压缩机工作原理 How the compressor works

图 1 吸入过程 Figure 1 Inhalation process

图 2 压缩过程 Figure 2 Compression process

图 3 排出过程 Figure 3 Discharge process

图 4 排出结束 Figure 4 End of discharge

3.2 结构特征 Structural features

3.2.1 主要部件及外形图 Main Components and Outline Drawings

第 4 章 技术特性 Chapter 4 Technical Features

表 5 单级螺杆制冷压缩机组主要技术参数 table 3 Single-stage screw refrigeration

制冷剂冷油 型式 Type 壳管式 Shell-tube

机组运行质量 Operating weight of the unit kg ～3180 ～4740 ～4800 ～4820

吸气管直径 Diameter of suction mm DN150 DN150 DN150 DN250 DN250

排气管直径 Diameter of discharge mm DN100 DN100 DN100 DN150 DN150

经济器进出液管直径 DN50/DN6 DN50/DN6 DN65/DN8 DN65/DN8

注：高温工况为+5/+40℃工况，中温工况为-10/+40℃工况，低温工况为-35/+40℃工况，吸气过热 0℃，液体过冷 5℃，

额定转速 Rated speed r/min 2970

5.1.1 机房 Machine room

图 5 铲运示意图 Figure 5 Shovel schematic

图 6 吊装示意图 Figure 6 Lifting schematic

5.2.3 气密试验 Air tightness test

5.2.4.1 真空充注 Vacuum filling

5.3 试运转 Test run

5.3.1 调试状态调试 Test status

5.3.1.1 运行前准备 Preparation before Operation

5.3.1.3 运行参数调试 Operational Parameter Tuning

第6章 使用操作 Chapter 6 Operation

系统与机组的清洁度直接影响机组的正常使用，运行的前 100 小时要根据实际情况及时清洗吸气

6.2 停机 Stop machine

6.2.1 正常停机 Normal stop machine

第7章 维护 Chapter 7 Maintenance

第 8 章 常见故障分析处理 Chapter 8 Common Fault Analysis

Oil (2) 排温高

与压缩机吸 (2) 检修、更换

-46 0.515 1.4340 2.11333 -6.20 1397.63 1403.83 0.1760 6.3562

12 6.586 1.6081 0.19232 255.10 1472.30 1217.21 1.1961 5.4647

4 7.108 0.8780 0.02752 204.92 364.71 159.79 1.0176 1.5942

Y TV-401 OF-401 HV-407

Single-stage screw compressor flow chart

Compound two-stage screw compressor flow chart

表 13 压缩机组仪器仪表及控制元件列表(流程图附表) table 8 List of compressors,

HV-41 检修 STR-40 过滤经济器供液 Liquid

表 15 压缩机组流程图用符号及代号说明(流程图附表) table 15 Compressor group flow diagram

Refrigeration Compressor Unit Outline Drawing

20 Series Liquid Cooled Oil Cooled Screw

附图 四 25 系列液冷油冷螺杆制冷压缩机组外形图 Drawing 4 25 Series Liquid Cooled Oil Cooled Screw

Ua、Uf开启螺杆压缩机组说明书第3版

Ua、Uf开启螺杆压缩机组说明书第3版

附表一 R717 饱和状态下的热力性质表 Schedule 一 Thermodynamic properties in the

附图一单级螺杆压缩机组流程图 Drawing 1 Single-stage screw compressor flow chart .... 62

第1章环保与安全 Chapter 1 Environmental Protection and Safety

第2章概述 Chapter 2 Overview

第 4 章技术特性 Chapter 4 Technical Features

制冷剂冷油型式 Type 壳管式 Shell-tube

第6章使用操作 Chapter 6 Operation

第7章维护 Chapter 7 Maintenance

第 8 章常见故障分析处理 Chapter 8 Common Fault Analysis

附图四 25 系列液冷油冷螺杆制冷压缩机组外形图 Drawing 4 25 Series Liquid Cooled Oil Cooled Screw

附图七基础图 Drawing 7 Foundation drawing

附图八吸气过滤器 Drawing 8 Suction filter

附图九油过滤器 Drawing 9 Oil filter