Chemical Reaction Engineering 1

Kinetics of Homogenous
Reaction

Agung Ari Wibowo, S.T, M.Sc

Dept. of Chemical Engineering
Politeknik Negeri Malang
Homogeneous reactions are chemical reactions in which the reactants and products are in the same phase
Batch Reactor Continous Stirred Tank / Mixed Flow Reactor

Plug Flow Reactor

 Reaction rate, the speed at which a chemical reaction proceeds. It is often expressed in terms of either the
concentration (amount per unit volume) of a product that is formed in a unit of time or the concentration of a
reactant that is consumed in a unit of time

1 𝑑𝑁𝑖 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑖 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑒𝑑 1 𝑑𝑁𝑖 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑖 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑒𝑑

𝑟𝑖 = = 𝑟𝑖 = =
𝑉 𝑑𝑡 (𝑣𝑜𝑙 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑙𝑢𝑖𝑑)(𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒) 𝑆 𝑑𝑡 (𝑆𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎)(𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒)

Volume Mass Area Volume

1 𝑑𝑁𝑖 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑖 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑒𝑑 1 𝑑𝑁𝑖 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑖 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑒𝑑

𝑟𝑖 = = 𝑟𝑖 = =
𝑊 𝑑𝑡 (𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑑)(𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒) 𝑉 𝑑𝑡 (𝑣𝑜𝑙 𝑜𝑓 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟)(𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒)
 Consider this reaction
𝑎𝐴 + 𝑏𝐵 → 𝑐𝐶 + 𝑑𝐷

The Rate Equation The Rate Relation

1 𝑑𝑁𝐴 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝐴 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑑 𝑟𝐴 𝑟𝐵 𝑟𝑐 𝑟𝑑

−𝑟𝐴 = − = − =− = =
𝑉 𝑑𝑡 (𝑣𝑜𝑙 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑙𝑢𝑖𝑑)(𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒) 𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 𝑑
 Elementary Reaction Non- Elementary Reaction

𝐴+𝐵 →𝐶 𝐻2 + 𝐵𝑟2 → 2𝐻𝐵𝑟

The number of collisions of molecules A with B When there is no direct correspondence

is proportional to the rate of reaction. But at a between stoichiometry and rate, then we
given temperature the number of collisions is have nonelementary reactions
proportional to the concentration of reactants in
the mixture; hence, the rate of disappearance of
A is given by

-𝑟𝐴 = 𝑘 𝐶𝐴 𝐶𝐵
 Elementary Reaction Non- Elementary Reaction

𝐴+𝐵 →𝐶 𝐻2 + 𝐵𝑟2 → 2𝐻𝐵𝑟

The number of collisions of molecules A with B When there is no direct correspondence

is proportional to the rate of reaction. But at a between stoichiometry and rate, then we
given temperature the number of collisions is have nonelementary reactions
proportional to the concentration of reactants in
the mixture; hence, the rate of disappearance of
A is given by

-𝑟𝐴 = 𝑘 𝐶𝐴 𝐶𝐵
 Problem:

Levenspiel, Example 1.1

 Problem:

Levenspiel, Example 1.1 How to solve?

1 𝑑𝑁𝑖 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑖 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑒𝑑

𝑟𝑖 = =
𝑉 𝑑𝑡 (𝑣𝑜𝑙 𝑜𝑓 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟)(𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒)

−𝑟𝐻2 = 2.829 x 104 𝑚𝑜𝑙/𝑚3 𝑠

−𝑟𝑂2 = 1.415 x 104 𝑚𝑜𝑙/𝑚3 𝑠

Negative : reactant being

comsumed