coordinate plane is (x−h)2+(y−k)2=r2(x - h)^2 + (y - k)^2 = r^2(x−h)2+(y−k)2=r2, where (h,k)(h, k)(h,k) represents the coordinates of the circle's center, and rrr is its radius. This equation encapsulates all points (x,y)(x, y)(x,y) that are a fixed distance rrr from the center. By expanding and rearranging the standard form, one can also express a circle’s equation in the general form x2+y2+Dx+Ey+F=0x^2 + y^2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0x2+y2+Dx+Ey+F=0. The parameters DDD, EEE, and FFF can be related back to the center and radius through completing the square. Circles play a crucial role in geometry, trigonometry, and calculus, forming the basis for understanding more complex shapes and motions in both two-dimensional and three-dimensional spaces.