Summary of Perpendicular Lines

Perpendicular lines are lines that intersect at right angles (90 degrees). The key property of
perpendicular lines is that the product of their slopes is −1-1−1. If the slope of one line is mmm,
then the slope of a line perpendicular to it is −1m-\frac{1}{m}−m1​. This relationship can be
derived from the geometric definition of perpendicularity and the trigonometric identity involving
tangent functions. To determine if two given lines are perpendicular, one can calculate their
slopes and verify that their product equals −1-1−1. Perpendicular lines are fundamental in
coordinate geometry and are used to construct geometric shapes, determine distances between
points, and solve various problems in mathematics and engineering.