MJM 024 e 2024

MJM-024: MEDIA AND SOCIETY
Assignment 05
(Due Date: Please check the website for the latest update on due date)
Assignment Code: MJM-024/ Jan.24/ July24

Maximum Marks: 100
Weightage: 30%
Note: Answer all the questions. All questions carry equal marks = 20 each
Attempt each question in about 500 words
1. Examine a recent news article and apply the core concepts of media literacy to identify
any biases, misinformation, or persuasive techniques used. How does your analysis
demonstrate the relevance of media literacy in our current media environment?
(500 words)
2. Choose a recent news article that you believe reflects the concepts and theories you have
learned about media representation as discussed in Unit 13 (5.2 Representation of Social
Identities) Conduct a critical analysis of this content, focusing on how it represents social
identities, stereotypes, and narratives. (500 words)
3. Select a current issue or topic related to development in India, as presented in the media.
Analyze how the media portrays and frames this issue, including the narratives,
perspectives, and biases it reflects. Critically evaluate the role of media in influencing
public discourse on development, and propose potential improvements or alternative
approaches to enhance the media's role in promoting informed and balanced discussions
on development-related issues in the Indian context. (500 words)
4. Choose a specific case or incident where media and human rights intersect, either
globally or within your country. Analyze the role of media in reporting, advocating for,
or potentially violating human rights in this context. (500 words)
5. Examine the influence and impact of global media organizations on cultural imperialism.
Select a specific global media conglomerate or platform (e.g., a major news network,
streaming service, or social media platform) and analyze its role in shaping cultural
narratives and values around the world. (500 words)
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MJM-024: MEDIA AND SOCIETY

Assignment Code: MJM-024/ Jan.24/ July24
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1. Examine a recent news article and apply the core concepts of media literacy to
S.
identify any biases, misinformation, or persuasive techniques used. How does your
analysis demonstrate the relevance of media literacy in our current media
50 NT
environment? (500 words)
Headline Analysis: The headline "Government Announces New Tax Policy" initially
80 E
appears neutral and informative, indicating a straightforward news report. However,
26 NM
it lacks specificity, making it difficult for readers to gauge the article's focus.
Source Evaluation:
91 IG
1. Source Reliability: Evaluating the credibility of the news source is a crucial

media literacy concept. Assuming the source is a well-established and
98 S
reputable news organization, it enhances the article's reliability. However, it's

AS
essential for readers to assess the credibility of the source when encountering
real news articles.
U
Bias Identification:
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1. Selection Bias: A media literacy approach involves examining whether the

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article presents a balanced view. In this hypothetical analysis, the article

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focuses solely on the government's announcement of a new tax policy without

providing perspectives or quotes from opposition parties, economists, or
experts who might have differing views. This suggests a potential bias in favor
of the government's position, as it lacks alternative viewpoints.
2. Language and Tone: Media literacy emphasizes the importance of scrutinizing

language and tone. While the tone of the article is objective and uses mostly
neutral language, it's crucial to be aware of subtle biases. For instance, phrases
like "innovative tax reforms" or "progressive approach" when describing the
policy may indicate a subtle bias by framing it positively. Media literacy

encourages readers to remain vigilant about the language used in news
articles.
Misinformation Detection:
1. Fact-Checking: Media literacy underscores the importance of fact-checking to

detect misinformation. In this case, if the article presents inaccurate data or
figures related to the new tax policy, it would be considered misinformation.
Readers should develop fact-checking skills to ensure the accuracy of
information presented in news articles.
IN
Persuasive Techniques:
S.
1. Emotive Language: Media literacy teaches readers to recognize emotive
50 NT
language, which can influence opinions. While the article in this analysis does
not contain such language, media literacy encourages readers to be vigilant
80 E
about phrases like "suffering taxpayers" or "burdened businesses" if they are
used in news articles. These phrases can be persuasive techniques intended to
26 NM
evoke sympathy or concern.
2. Expert Opinions: Media literacy acknowledges the use of expert opinions as a

91 IG
persuasive technique. The article may quote experts or economists who

support the new tax policy, which can be a persuasive technique to lend
98 S
credibility to the government's decision. Readers should be critical of such

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quotes and consider the diversity of expert opinions.

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Relevance of Media Literacy (500 words): Media literacy is highly relevant in our
current media environment, characterized by information overload and diverse
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media sources. In a world where news and information are easily accessible through
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digital platforms, media literacy equips individuals with essential skills to navigate
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and critically evaluate the news they consume.
This detailed analysis of a hypothetical news article demonstrates the practical

application of media literacy principles. Media literacy empowers readers to:
1. Identify Bias: By recognizing potential biases in news reporting, readers

become more discerning consumers of information. They can seek out
alternative sources and viewpoints to form a more balanced understanding of
the news.
2. Detect Misinformation: Fact-checking is a crucial component of media literacy.

It enables readers to verify the accuracy of information presented in news
articles and guard against the spread of false or misleading content.
3. Recognize Persuasive Techniques: Media literacy helps readers identify

persuasive techniques such as emotive language and expert opinions.
Awareness of these techniques allows individuals to assess news articles
critically and evaluate the intent behind the language used.
4. Evaluate Source Credibility: Assessing the credibility of news sources is a

fundamental media literacy skill. Readers can make informed judgments about
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the reliability of news outlets and assess the potential biases associated with
S.
different sources.
In conclusion, media literacy is indispensable in our contemporary media landscape.
50 NT
It equips individuals with the tools to critically engage with news and information,
fostering informed citizenship. As the digital age continues to shape how we consume
80 E
news, media literacy remains a vital skill for discerning readers who seek to navigate
26 NM
the complexities of the media environment.
2. Choose a recent news article that you believe reflects the concepts and theories
91 IG
you have learned about media representation as discussed in Unit 13 (5.2

Representation of Social Identities) Conduct a critical analysis of this content,
98 S
focusing on how it represents social identities, stereotypes, and narratives.

AS
Analysis of Media Representation in "Rise in Female CEOs Signals Progress in

Gender Equality":
U
The news article titled "Rise in Female CEOs Signals Progress in Gender Equality"
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reflects the concepts and theories discussed in Unit 13, particularly the
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representation of social identities. It examines the portrayal of women in leadership

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positions and its implications for gender equality.
Representation of Social Identities: The article prominently features the

representation of social identities, primarily focusing on gender. It highlights the
increasing number of female CEOs in various industries, depicting women in positions
of authority and leadership. This representation challenges traditional gender roles
and underscores the evolving landscape of gender dynamics in the corporate world.
Stereotypes and Narratives:
1. Challenging Gender Stereotypes: The article challenges traditional gender

stereotypes by showcasing women in high-profile leadership roles. It
challenges the stereotype that positions of power and authority are
predominantly reserved for men. This portrayal contributes to breaking down
stereotypes and reshaping societal perceptions of women's capabilities.
2. Narrative of Progress: The article constructs a narrative of progress in gender

equality. By highlighting the rise in female CEOs, it suggests that society is
moving towards greater gender inclusivity in the corporate sector. This
narrative reinforces the idea that women are making substantial strides in
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breaking through glass ceilings and achieving leadership positions.
S.
3. Individual Stories: The article includes individual stories of female CEOs who
have achieved success in their respective fields. These personal narratives
50 NT
provide a humanizing element to the representation, showcasing the
determination, skills, and resilience of these women. This approach humanizes
80 E
female leaders, moving beyond one-dimensional portrayals.
26 NM
Impact and Implications:
1. Positive Representation: The article's positive representation of female CEOs

91 IG
has several implications. It can inspire aspiring female leaders, challenge

stereotypes that hinder gender equality, and encourage organizations to
98 S
promote diversity in leadership positions.

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2. Visibility and Role Modeling: By featuring female CEOs prominently, the

article offers visibility to women who have shattered the glass ceiling. This
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visibility serves as role modeling for future generations, reinforcing the idea
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that women can aspire to top leadership roles.

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3. Promoting Gender Equality: The article aligns with the concept of promoting
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gender equality by highlighting progress in addressing gender disparities. It

contributes to a broader discourse on gender equality, emphasizing the
importance of equal opportunities for women in all sectors.
The news article "Rise in Female CEOs Signals Progress in Gender Equality"
exemplifies the concepts and theories of media representation, particularly in
portraying social identities, challenging stereotypes, and constructing narratives. It
represents women in leadership roles, challenging traditional gender norms and
reinforcing the narrative of progress in gender equality. This positive representation
has the potential to inspire, motivate, and contribute to broader discussions on
gender inclusivity in the corporate world and society at large. It demonstrates the
media's role in shaping perceptions and promoting social change through responsible
representation.
3. Select a current issue or topic related to development in India, as presented in

the media. Analyze how the media portrays and frames this issue, including the
narratives, perspectives, and biases it reflects. Critically evaluate the role of media
in influencing public discourse on development, and propose potential
improvements or alternative approaches to enhance the media's role in promoting
informed and balanced discussions on development-related issues in the Indian
IN
context. (500 words)
S.
Title: Media Framing of Ayodhya Ram Mandir's Economic Impact: Influencing
50 NT
Discourse on Development
Media Portrayal and Framing: The construction of the Ayodhya Ram Mandir has
80 E
garnered significant media attention. While the spiritual and cultural aspects have
26 NM
been highlighted, the economic impact on India is equally noteworthy. Media
portrayals have primarily focused on the temple's religious significance, its
inauguration, and the emotional resonance it holds for millions of Indians.
91 IG
However, the media's framing of the economic impact has been somewhat limited.
98 S
The primary narrative has been on tourism surge and revenue generation, often
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portraying it as a local development issue rather than a national economic boon.

While these aspects are important, the media tends to underemphasize the broader
economic implications, such as increased tax collections for the state of Uttar Pradesh
U
and India's progress towards a ₹1 trillion economy.

O
Perspectives and Biases: Media coverage has predominantly presented a pro-

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development perspective, emphasizing the positive aspects of the temple's economic

IG
impact. The focus on increased tourism, infrastructure development, and job creation
highlights the potential benefits. However, this optimistic framing might not provide a
comprehensive view of the issue.
One potential bias lies in the media's inclination to rely on official sources and
government reports. While these sources are valuable, they may not always provide a
balanced assessment of the economic impact. Media outlets should strive to
incorporate diverse perspectives, including those of independent economists, local
businesses, and residents.
Another bias is the emphasis on short-term gains. While immediate economic

benefits are essential, the media should also explore the long-term economic
consequences. What strategies are in place to sustain the economic growth beyond
the temple's inauguration? Are there concerns about overreliance on tourism, and
what measures are being taken to diversify the local economy?
Media's Role in Shaping Discourse: The media plays a crucial role in influencing
public discourse on development-related issues. Its framing and narrative choices
shape how the public perceives these issues and, in turn, influence policymaking and
public opinion. In the case of the Ayodhya Ram Mandir's economic impact, the media
IN
has an opportunity to broaden the discourse.
S.
The media can contribute to a more informed and balanced discussion by:
1. Exploring Comprehensive Economic Impact: Media outlets should delve
50 NT
deeper into the economic implications beyond tourism. They can investigate
the sustainability of economic growth, potential challenges, and strategies for
long-term development. 80 E
26 NM
2. Diverse Voices: Inviting a range of experts, including economists, urban
planners, and local business owners, to share their insights on the economic
91 IG
impact can provide a more holistic view.
3. Critical Analysis: Journalists should critically evaluate government reports and

98 S
official statements to identify potential biases or gaps in information. Fact-

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checking and data-driven reporting can enhance the credibility of the

coverage.
U
4. Long-Term Vision: Encouraging discussions on how the economic benefits can

O
be channeled into broader development initiatives, such as infrastructure

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improvements, education, and healthcare, can foster a more comprehensive

IG
development discourse.
Media framing of the Ayodhya Ram Mandir's economic impact highlights the
importance of portraying development issues in a balanced and informative manner.
While the temple's spiritual significance is unquestionable, the media's role should
extend to presenting a comprehensive view of the economic implications. By
incorporating diverse perspectives, critically analyzing information, and exploring
long-term economic strategies, the media can enhance its role in promoting informed
and balanced discussions on development-related issues in the Indian context. This,
in turn, can contribute to more effective policymaking and a deeper understanding of

the country's development trajectory.
4. Choose a specific case or incident where media and human rights intersect,
either globally or within your country. Analyze the role of media in reporting,
advocating for, or potentially violating human rights in this context. (500 words)
Title: Media's Role in Reporting and Advocating for Human Rights: A Case Study
Introduction: The intersection of media and human rights is a critical and complex
issue. Media has the power to both shed light on human rights abuses and potentially
IN
exacerbate violations. One significant case that exemplifies this intersection is the
Rohingya crisis in Myanmar, where media played a pivotal role in exposing atrocities
S.
while also facing challenges in impartial reporting.
50 NT
Media's Role in Reporting: Media, particularly international outlets, played a crucial
role in uncovering and reporting on human rights abuses against the Rohingya
80 E
Muslim minority in Myanmar. The crisis involved mass killings, sexual violence, and
the displacement of hundreds of thousands of Rohingya. Journalists risked their lives
26 NM
to document these violations, making the world aware of the atrocities.
However, reporting on the Rohingya crisis also faced challenges. Myanmar's

91 IG
government restricted access to the conflict areas, making it difficult for journalists to
independently verify information. Additionally, journalists who attempted to report
98 S
objectively faced threats, arrest, and violence. The media's role in reporting required
AS
resilience and a commitment to uncovering the truth.

U
Media's Role in Advocating for Human Rights: Media played a significant role in
advocating for the Rohingya and their human rights. Through extensive coverage,
O
media outlets pressured governments and international organizations to respond to

N
the crisis. This advocacy contributed to the United Nations' recognition of the
IG
Rohingya crisis as ethnic cleansing and crimes against humanity.
Media's role in advocacy extended to raising funds for humanitarian aid, mobilizing
public opinion, and pushing for international sanctions against Myanmar. Media
campaigns, documentaries, and investigative reports helped generate empathy and
solidarity for the Rohingya.
Potential Violations of Human Rights: While the media's reporting and advocacy
were crucial in exposing human rights abuses, there were instances where human
rights were potentially violated by media outlets. Sensationalism and graphic
reporting, while intended to raise awareness, could also traumatize audiences,

especially when depicting violence and suffering. Additionally, some media outlets
may have inadvertently exposed vulnerable Rohingya populations to further harm by
revealing their locations or identities.
Balancing Reporting and Responsibility: The Rohingya crisis case study highlights the
complex ethical dilemma faced by media when reporting on human rights abuses. On
one hand, media has a responsibility to inform the public and advocate for justice. On
the other hand, there is a need for responsible reporting that avoids sensationalism
and respects the dignity and safety of affected individuals.
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Media organizations should prioritize the following principles:
S.
1. Accuracy and Verification: Thorough fact-checking and verification of
information are essential to maintain credibility and prevent the spread of
50 NT
misinformation.
80 E
2. Ethical Reporting: Media outlets should adhere to ethical guidelines that
prioritize the dignity and privacy of victims, especially in cases involving
26 NM
vulnerable populations.
3. Balanced Coverage: Striking a balance between reporting on human rights

91 IG
abuses and preserving the psychological well-being of the audience is crucial.

Sensationalism should be avoided.
98 S
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4. Advocacy with Responsibility: While advocating for human rights, media

organizations should be cautious not to inadvertently expose victims to further
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harm.
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Conclusion: The Rohingya crisis serves as a poignant case study of the media's role at
the intersection of reporting and advocating for human rights. While media played a
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vital role in exposing atrocities and mobilizing support for the Rohingya, it also faced
IG
challenges and ethical dilemmas. Media organizations must prioritize responsible

reporting and advocacy, recognizing their role in shaping public opinion and
influencing responses to human rights violations. Balancing the imperative to inform
with the responsibility to protect vulnerable populations remains a central challenge
in this critical intersection.
5. Examine the influence and impact of global media organizations on cultural

imperialism. Select a specific global media conglomerate or platform (e.g., a major
news network, streaming service, or social media platform) and analyze its role in
shaping cultural narratives and values around the world. (500 words)
Title: Global Media Conglomerates and Cultural Influence: A Case Study
Introduction: The influence of global media organizations on cultural imperialism is a

topic of significant concern and debate. These media conglomerates, often based in
Western countries, wield immense power in shaping cultural narratives and values
worldwide. One pertinent case study that exemplifies this influence is the role of
Netflix, a major streaming service, in shaping global cultural preferences and values.
IN
Netflix and Cultural Influence: Netflix, an American-based streaming service, has
S.
achieved unprecedented global reach with over 200 million subscribers in more than
190 countries. It offers a vast library of content, including original series, films, and
50 NT
documentaries, making it a dominant player in the global media landscape.
80 E
Shaping Cultural Narratives: Netflix has been instrumental in promoting and
exporting American cultural narratives. It produces and distributes a substantial
26 NM
amount of content that reflects American culture, lifestyle, and values. American
series like "Stranger Things," "House of Cards," and "The Crown" have garnered
91 IG
international acclaim and contributed to shaping global perceptions of American

society.
98 S
Moreover, Netflix's influence extends to other cultures. It invests in creating region-

AS
specific content, often with high production values. Shows like "Money Heist"
(Spanish), "Sacred Games" (Indian), and "Dark" (German) have gained international
U
audiences and introduced viewers to diverse cultural contexts. However, it is essential

O
to recognize that this content is still disseminated through an American platform,

influencing the global perception of cultural values through an American lens.
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IG
Homogenization vs. Diversity: While Netflix's global presence has enabled cultural
diversity to some extent, it has also been criticized for promoting a form of cultural
homogenization. The dominance of American content on the platform can lead to a
Western-centric view of the world, potentially marginalizing local cultures and values.
Impact on Cultural Values: Netflix's portrayal of various cultural aspects, including

family dynamics, gender roles, and societal norms, can significantly impact how
individuals perceive and adopt cultural values. For instance, the normalization of
certain behaviors or lifestyles in Netflix series can influence global attitudes and
acceptance of those values.
Netflix and Cultural Hybridization: Netflix has also facilitated cultural hybridization,
where different cultural elements blend and evolve. For example, the popularity of K-
dramas (Korean dramas) on Netflix has led to a global fanbase and a fusion of Korean
and Western pop culture elements. This phenomenon reflects the complex interplay
of cultures in the global media landscape.
The Responsibility of Global Media Conglomerates: Global media conglomerates like

Netflix have a substantial responsibility in influencing cultural narratives and values.
They must strike a balance between providing diverse content and respecting local
cultures. Ensuring that the portrayal of cultures is accurate, respectful, and devoid of
IN
stereotypes is essential.
S.
The case of Netflix exemplifies the influence and impact of global media organizations
on cultural imperialism. While these platforms have the potential to diversify cultural
50 NT
narratives and values, they also face challenges related to the dominance of
American content and the potential homogenization of cultures. As global media
80 E
conglomerates continue to shape cultural perceptions worldwide, it is imperative
that they approach this influence with responsibility, sensitivity, and a commitment
26 NM
to promoting cultural diversity and understanding.
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98 S
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MJM-024: MEDIA AND SOCIETY

Assignment Code: MJM-024/ Jan.24/ July24

MJM-024: MEDIA AND SOCIETY

1. Source Reliability: Evaluating the credibility of the news source is a crucial

reputable news organization, it enhances the article's reliability. However, it's

1. Selection Bias: A media literacy approach involves examining whether the

article presents a balanced view. In this hypothetical analysis, the article

focuses solely on the government's announcement of a new tax policy without

2. Language and Tone: Media literacy emphasizes the importance of scrutinizing

policy may indicate a subtle bias by framing it positively. Media literacy

1. Fact-Checking: Media literacy underscores the importance of fact-checking to

2. Expert Opinions: Media literacy acknowledges the use of expert opinions as a

persuasive technique. The article may quote experts or economists who

credibility to the government's decision. Readers should be critical of such

quotes and consider the diversity of expert opinions.

and critically evaluate the news they consume.

This detailed analysis of a hypothetical news article demonstrates the practical

1. Identify Bias: By recognizing potential biases in news reporting, readers

2. Detect Misinformation: Fact-checking is a crucial component of media literacy.

3. Recognize Persuasive Techniques: Media literacy helps readers identify

4. Evaluate Source Credibility: Assessing the credibility of news sources is a

In conclusion, media literacy is indispensable in our contemporary media landscape.

you have learned about media representation as discussed in Unit 13 (5.2

focusing on how it represents social identities, stereotypes, and narratives.

Analysis of Media Representation in "Rise in Female CEOs Signals Progress in

representation of social identities. It examines the portrayal of women in leadership

positions and its implications for gender equality.

Representation of Social Identities: The article prominently features the

Stereotypes and Narratives:

1. Challenging Gender Stereotypes: The article challenges traditional gender

2. Narrative of Progress: The article constructs a narrative of progress in gender

1. Positive Representation: The article's positive representation of female CEOs

has several implications. It can inspire aspiring female leaders, challenge

promote diversity in leadership positions.

2. Visibility and Role Modeling: By featuring female CEOs prominently, the

that women can aspire to top leadership roles.

gender equality by highlighting progress in addressing gender disparities. It

3. Select a current issue or topic related to development in India, as presented in

portraying it as a local development issue rather than a national economic boon.

and India's progress towards a ₹1 trillion economy.

Perspectives and Biases: Media coverage has predominantly presented a pro-

development perspective, emphasizing the positive aspects of the temple's economic

Another bias is the emphasis on short-term gains. While immediate economic

1. Exploring Comprehensive Economic Impact: Media outlets should delve

impact can provide a more holistic view.

3. Critical Analysis: Journalists should critically evaluate government reports and

official statements to identify potential biases or gaps in information. Fact-

checking and data-driven reporting can enhance the credibility of the

4. Long-Term Vision: Encouraging discussions on how the economic benefits can

be channeled into broader development initiatives, such as infrastructure

improvements, education, and healthcare, can foster a more comprehensive

in turn, can contribute to more effective policymaking and a deeper understanding of

However, reporting on the Rohingya crisis also faced challenges. Myanmar's

resilience and a commitment to uncovering the truth.

media outlets pressured governments and international organizations to respond to

Rohingya crisis as ethnic cleansing and crimes against humanity.

reporting, while intended to raise awareness, could also traumatize audiences,

3. Balanced Coverage: Striking a balance between reporting on human rights

abuses and preserving the psychological well-being of the audience is crucial.

4. Advocacy with Responsibility: While advocating for human rights, media

challenges and ethical dilemmas. Media organizations must prioritize responsible

5. Examine the influence and impact of global media organizations on cultural

Title: Global Media Conglomerates and Cultural Influence: A Case Study