Final Exam Review

General Chemistry I: Final Exam Review
SI Leader: Emily Siegelman
Chapter 1
1. What is the difference between a homogenous and a heterogeneous mixture?
2. Decide which is a homogenous mixture, heterogenous mixture or a pure substance
a. Water
b. O2
c. Gasoline
d. F
3. A pure substance made of two or more different types atoms is called?

a. a molecule
b. a mixture
c. a compound
d. an atom
4. Explain the difference between a chemical property and a physical property
Spring 2023 Sessions: Tuesdays/ Thursdays @4pm & 6:30pm

esiegelman2021@fau.edu
5. Decide which is a physical property and a chemical property
a. Combustion
b. Rust on iron
c. Water Freezing
Density
You can identify a metal by carefully determining its density. A 8.44 g piece of an unknown metal
is 1.25 cm long, 2.50 cm wide, and 1.00 cm thick. What is a possible identity of the element?
a. nickel, 8.90 g/cm3
b. aluminum, 2.70 g/cm3
c. titanium, 4.54 g/cm3
d. zirconium, 6.51 g/cm3
e. chromium, 7.20 g/cm3
Dimensional Analysis
6. A jet ski is traveling in the ocean at 780 km/s. How fast is this in meters per minute?
Chapter 2
Atom Parts
Label the meaning of each letter: XAZ

7. Which of these elements is the heaviest?

a. lead
b. bromine
c. Strontium
d. Cobalt
Naming Rules:
• Cations: - ion
• Anions: -ide
• Ionic Compounds: cation first (leave out the word ion), then anion
• Transition metals must indicate their charge with Roman numerals
• Molecular compounds: prefix – first element followed by prefix – second element – ide
Exception: if mono is the prefix for the first element, leave it out
8. What is the correct name for PF5?

a. phosphorus pentafluoride
b. phosphorus pentafluorine
c. phosphorus(V) fluoride
d. phosphorus fluorate
e. phosphorus fluorine
Conversions with Moles

9. How many atoms are present in 35 g of I3?
10. What is the mass of 5.1 mol P?

a. 6.3 ´ 10-3 g
b. 1.6 ´ 10-1 g
c. 6.1 g
d. 1.6 ´ 102 g
e. 2.0 ´ 102 g
Empirical and Molecular Formula
What is the difference between an empirical and a molecular formula?
11. A compound has 52.13% carbon by mass, 13.15% hydrogen, and the rest oxygen. What is
its empirical formula and molecular formula?

12. A molecule is found to contain 47.35% C, 10.60% H, and 42.05% O. What is the empirical
formula for this molecule?
a. C2H6O
b. C3H4O2
c. C3H8O2
d. C4H6O2
e. C4H8O3
Chapter 3
Balance Equations
Tips*
• First balance elements that show up only once on each side
• Leave oxygen and hydrogen to the last
• Count polyatomic ions as one whole unit
• The smaller the numbers, the better.
• If .5 is a decimal as your stoichiometric coefficient, multiply every coefficient by 2.
• If you end up with .3 decimal in a stoichiometric coefficient, multiply all coefficients by 3. • If
you end up with .25 as a decimal, multiply all coefficients by 4.
13. C2H5OH + PCl3 → C2H5Cl + H3PO3
14. Barium hydroxide is mixed with lead (II) fluoride. Balance the reaction.

Precipitation Reactions
15. Barium nitrate reacting with potassium fluoride.
BE:
CIE:
NIE:
16. Iron II chromate reacting with silver I nitrate.
BE:
CIE:

NIE:
Acids and Bases
An Arrhenius acid increases the concentration of _____________ ions in solution, while an

Arrhenius base increases the concentration of _______________ in a solution.
When an acid and a base react, what are the two products?
Fill in the blanks.
a) A strong acid/base_______________dissociate(s) into ions. b) A weak

acid/base________________dissociate(s) into ions.
17. What are the spectator ions in the reaction between aqueous hydrobromic acid and
aqueous sodium
hydroxide?
a. Na+ only
b. H+ and OH–
c. Na+ and Br–
d. Br– only
e. H+, Br–, Na+, and OH–
18. Metal oxides react with water to produce ____.

a. bases
b. hydrogen gas
c. oxygen gas
d. acids
e. hydronium ions

Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
• The oxidation number is zero for elements standing alone, i.e. not combined with another •
element.
• For monoatomic ions, the oxidation number is equal to the charge.
• Fluorine is always -1 when with other elements.
•Oxygen mostly has a -2 oxidation number.

• Halogens have a -1 oxidation number unless combined with fluorine or oxygen.
• Most of the time, hydrogen has a +1 oxidation number.
• The oxidation numbers add up to zero if the entire compound has a neutral charge.
• The oxidation numbers add up to the charge shown for the compound if the compound is •
not neutrally charged
20. What is the oxidation number of each atom in sodium hydrogen carbonate, NaHCO3?
a. Na = +1, H = –1, C = +6, O = –2
b. Na = +1, H = +1, C = +4, O = –2
c. Na = +1, H = –1, C = +2, O = –2
d. Na = –1, H = +1, C = 0, O = –2
e. Na = 0, H = 0, C = 0, O = 0
21. All the following are oxidation-reduction reactions EXCEPT

a. CaCO3(s) ® CaO(s) + CO2(g)
b. 2 Na(s) + Br2(g) ® 2 NaBr(g)
c. Fe(s) + 2 HCl(aq) ® FeCl2(aq) + H2(g)
d. 2 C(s) + O2(g) ® 2 CO(g)
e. 2 H2O(l) ® 2 H2(g) + O2(g)
Chapter 4
Stoichiometry
Tips for Stoichiometry
• Make sure the equation is balanced

• Make sure the units cancel out
• Pay attention to stoichiometric factors that tell you the number of moles in the reaction

22. What amount of bromine (in moles) reacts with 4.0 mol of aluminum to produce AlBr3?
2 Al(s) + 3 Br2(g)à 2 AlBr3(s)
23. What mass of sodium will react with 1.23 g of chlorine gas to produce sodium chloride? 2
Na(s) + Cl2(g)à2 NaCl(s)
Limiting Reactants
24. What is the mass of chlorine needed to react completely with 4 moles of carbon to produce
CCl4?
Molarity
Formula: M=moles/volume
25. If 5.15 g FeCl3 is dissolved in enough water to make exactly 150.0 mL of solution, what is the
molar concentration of chloride ion?
a. 0.103 M
b. 0.212 M
c. 0.578 M
d. 0.635 M
e. 16.7 M

26. If 5.00 mL of 0.314 M KOH is diluted to exactly 125 mL with water, what is the concentration
of the resulting solution?
a. 5.02 ´ 10-4 M
b. 1.26 ´ 10-2 M
c. 0.127 M
d. 0.281 M
e. 7.85 M
pH and Titrations
27. What is the pH of 0.27 M HNO3?

a. 0.57
b. 1.31
c. 1.86
d. 2.70
e. 13.43
28. A 25.00 mL sample of NaOH is titrated with 17.13 mL of 0.3150 M HCl. What is the
concentration of the NaOH solution?
a. 0.001360 M
b. 0.1233 M
c. 0.2158 M
d. 0.4597 M
e. 0.7356 M
Chapter 6
Electromagnetic Radiation
Terms to Know:
• Amplitude: Height of the peek

• Wavelength distance between peek
• Frequency # of waves passing a point in a given time

29. What is the frequency of light with a wavelength of 520 nm?
Planck’s Constant: Energy of a photon is proportional to its frequency
• h = 6.63 × 10-34 J·s

• E = hν/ λ
30. What is the energy per mole for a light with a frequency of 9*10^14 Hz?
Quantum Numbers
• N=shell
o N>0
• l=Subshell
o l=0-às
o l=1-àp
o l=2-àd
• ml=orbital
o +/- l
• Ms=spin number
o +/- 1/2
31.Which of the following sets of quantum numbers refers to a 4p orbital?

a. n = 1, l = 1, ml = -1
b. n = 1, l = 2, ml = -1
c. n = 4, l = 1, ml = 0
d. n = 4, l = 2, ml = -1
e. n = 4, l = 3, ml = +2

32. Which of the following orbitals might have ml = -2?

a. s
b. s and p
c. p and d
d. d and f
e. p, d, and f
33. Which element has the electron configuration [Ar]3d104s1?

a. Cu
b. Zn
c. Ga
d. Ag
e. Co
34. Which one of the following sets of quantum numbers is NOT allowed?
a. n = 6, l = 0, ml = 0, ms = +1/2
b. n = 5, l = 3, ml = 1, ms = +1/2
c. n = 4, l = 2, ml = -3, ms = -1/2
d. n = 3, l = 1, ml = -1, ms = +1/2
e. n = 2, l = 0, ml = 0, ms = -1/2
Chapter 7

35. Place the following atoms in order of increasing atomic radii: Se, O, S, and As.
a. O < S < Se < As
b. O < S < As > Se
c. As < Se < S < O
d. Se < As < S < O
e. S < As < O < Se
36. Rank K, Li, and Cs in order of increasing first ionization energy.

a. K < Cs < Li
b. Cs < K < Li
c. Cs < Li < K
d. Li < Cs < K
e. Li < K < Cs
Chapter 8
Lewis Structures
General steps for drawing a Lewis Structure:
1. Determine the arrangement of atoms within a molecule

2. Determine the total number of valence electrons
3. Pair one pair of electrons between each pair of bonded atoms to form a single
bond
37. Draw the Lewis Structure for N2O

Molecular Shapes
38. Use VSEPR theory to predict the molecular geometry of CS2.

a. linear
b. bent
c. trigonal-planar
d. tetrahedral
e. octahedral
39. Use VSEPR theory to predict the molecular geometry of IF5.

a. tetrahedral
b. see-saw
c. trigonal-bipyramidal
d. square-pyramidal
e. octahedral
Polarity
A difference in electronegativity of 0 indicates __________

A difference in electronegativity of 0.4and 1.7 indicates __________
A difference in electronegativity greater than 1.8 indicates _________
40. which one of the following molecules has a dipole moment?

a. CI4
b. PF5
c. NCl3
d. SO3
e. O2
41. Order by molecular polarity

a. CCl4 > CBr4 > CI4
b. CI4 > CCl4 > CBr4
c. CBr4 > CI4 > CCl4
d. all are non polar
Bond Length
In molecules, as bond order increases,
a. both bond length and bond energy increase.
b. both bond length and bond energy decrease.
c. bond length increases and bond energy is unchanged.
d. bond length is unchanged and bond energy increases.
e. bond length decreases and bond energy increases.
Chapter 9
Valence Bond Theory
Sigma Bond-e- lies along x axis
Pi Bond- e- lies above and below x axis
Sp3 : tetrahedral (4 groups attached)

Sp2 : trigonal planar (3 groups attached)
Sp: linear (2 groups attached)
Sigma bond: any type of bonds
Pi bond: one bond of the double bond or 2 bonds of a triple bond

# of Sigma Bonds=
# of Pi Bonds=


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Final Exam Review

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General Chemistry I: Final Exam Review

SI Leader: Emily Siegelman

1. What is the difference between a homogenous and a heterogeneous mixture?

2. Decide which is a homogenous mixture, heterogenous mixture or a pure substance

3. A pure substance made of two or more different types atoms is called?

4. Explain the difference between a chemical property and a physical property

Spring 2023 Sessions: Tuesdays/ Thursdays @4pm & 6:30pm

5. Decide which is a physical property and a chemical property

Label the meaning of each letter: XAZ

Spring 2023 Sessions: Tuesdays/ Thursdays @4pm & 6:30pm

7. Which of these elements is the heaviest?

8. What is the correct name for PF5?

Conversions with Moles

Spring 2023 Sessions: Tuesdays/ Thursdays @4pm & 6:30pm

9. How many atoms are present in 35 g of I3?

10. What is the mass of 5.1 mol P?

Empirical and Molecular Formula

What is the difference between an empirical and a molecular formula?

Spring 2023 Sessions: Tuesdays/ Thursdays @4pm & 6:30pm

13. C2H5OH + PCl3 → C2H5Cl + H3PO3

Spring 2023 Sessions: Tuesdays/ Thursdays @4pm & 6:30pm

15. Barium nitrate reacting with potassium fluoride.

16. Iron II chromate reacting with silver I nitrate.

Spring 2023 Sessions: Tuesdays/ Thursdays @4pm & 6:30pm

Acids and Bases

An Arrhenius acid increases the concentration of _____________ ions in solution, while an

Fill in the blanks.

a) A strong acid/base_______________dissociate(s) into ions. b) A weak

18. Metal oxides react with water to produce ____.

Spring 2023 Sessions: Tuesdays/ Thursdays @4pm & 6:30pm

•Oxygen mostly has a -2 oxidation number.

21. All the following are oxidation-reduction reactions EXCEPT

Tips for Stoichiometry

• Make sure the equation is balanced

Spring 2023 Sessions: Tuesdays/ Thursdays @4pm & 6:30pm

2 Al(s) + 3 Br2(g)à 2 AlBr3(s)

Spring 2023 Sessions: Tuesdays/ Thursdays @4pm & 6:30pm

27. What is the pH of 0.27 M HNO3?

• Amplitude: Height of the peek

Spring 2023 Sessions: Tuesdays/ Thursdays @4pm & 6:30pm

29. What is the frequency of light with a wavelength of 520 nm?

Planck’s Constant: Energy of a photon is proportional to its frequency

• h = 6.63 × 10-34 J·s

31.Which of the following sets of quantum numbers refers to a 4p orbital?

Spring 2023 Sessions: Tuesdays/ Thursdays @4pm & 6:30pm

32. Which of the following orbitals might have ml = -2?

33. Which element has the electron configuration [Ar]3d104s1?

Spring 2023 Sessions: Tuesdays/ Thursdays @4pm & 6:30pm

36. Rank K, Li, and Cs in order of increasing first ionization energy.

General steps for drawing a Lewis Structure:

1. Determine the arrangement of atoms within a molecule

37. Draw the Lewis Structure for N2O

Spring 2023 Sessions: Tuesdays/ Thursdays @4pm & 6:30pm

38. Use VSEPR theory to predict the molecular geometry of CS2.

39. Use VSEPR theory to predict the molecular geometry of IF5.

A difference in electronegativity of 0 indicates __________

40. which one of the following molecules has a dipole moment?

41. Order by molecular polarity

Valence Bond Theory

Sigma Bond-e- lies along x axis

Pi Bond- e- lies above and below x axis

Sp3 : tetrahedral (4 groups attached)

Spring 2023 Sessions: Tuesdays/ Thursdays @4pm & 6:30pm

Spring 2023 Sessions: Tuesdays/ Thursdays @4pm & 6:30pm