Center at (h, k) is the standard form of the equation.

When h = k = 0:

Eccentricity: e b

2
b a
Focus: (± ae, 0)

Directrix: x = ± a/e
Source: Brink, R.W. A First Year of College Mathematics. D. Appleton-Century Compa
ny, Inc. (Prentice Hall), 1937.

1.3.8.3 Case 3: Hyperbola e > 1

Y'
a b 2
(0, b)

(c, 0)

X'
(h, k)

(a, 0)

Center at (h, k) is the standard form of the equation. When h = k = 0:

Eccentricity: e b

b a e 2
1
Focus: (± ae, 0)

Directrix: x = ± a/e
Source: Brink, R.W. A First Year of College Mathematics. D. Appleton-Century Compa
ny, Inc. (Prentice Hall), 1937.

1.3.8.4 Case 4: Circle e = 0

(x – h)

Center at (h, k) is the standard form of the equation with radius

r x + - Y
P(x,y)
r

k
C(h,k)

X
0
h

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